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为探索规模马场动物防疫监管模式,规范马场生产经营活动,以问卷形式,从防疫监管角度对北京市规模马场的结构分布、马匹调运、防疫建设、兽医人员、法律规范、演艺情况开展调查。结果表明,北京市规模马场近年来发展迅速,现有马场71家,存栏马3 946匹,马场规模化和市场化程度较高,养殖结构以存栏50匹以下的马场为主(占比69.0%),存栏量相对集中;北京马匹调运以入京为主;马场对法律条例认知度较高;同时存在马场动物防疫条件未有效落实,基础设施不完备,持证率低,兽医缺口大且专业素质待提高,行业监管亟须强化等突出问题。结合2016年实施的《北京市动物演艺活动防疫监管办法(试行)》,提出强化主体责任,加强养殖、赛事监管等措施,建议推进北京市马属动物无疫区建设。 相似文献
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随着社会经济的发展和人们生活质量的不断提高,马术运动逐步成为大众参与、喜闻乐见的体育运动.本文总结了近年来北京市丰台区马属动物养殖情况和防疫措施,分析了养殖和防疫过程中存在的问题并提出了相应的建议,为今后马属动物疫病防控工作和现代马产业的发展提供参考. 相似文献
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《中国畜牧兽医文摘》2015,(9)
<正>《中华人民共和国动物防疫法》、《动物防疫条件审查办法》等有关法律条文,都明确规定了对养殖环节动物防疫监管的重要性。在新形势下,养殖环节动物防疫监管的主体、对象、内容、方式等等,都是我们着重要考虑的问题。结合本地工作实践,探索海晏县养殖环节动物防疫监管工作,有着更为重要的现 相似文献
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为保障进京生猪安全,北京市动物防疫监督机构结合《进京生猪安全生产与管理技术保障体系》项目,对全国五省市进京生猪的生产企业初步建立了检疫监管模式。其中对五省市的生猪饲养基地进行了生猪重点疫病的调查分析与检测。结合全国生猪重点疫病流行情况与农业部《关于印发口蹄疫等十四种动物疫病监测方案的通知》(农牧发[1999]1号)文件要求,确定了监管检测重点疫病为口蹄疫、猪瘟、伪狂犬病。现就五省市供京生猪基地重点疫病监管检测情况分析如下:1基本情况由北京市动物防疫监督机构对66家生产基地的管理、疫病防制等进行定期现场考察,并对… 相似文献
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北京市认真实施<中华人民共和国动物防疫法>,出台了涉及北京市动物防疫监督员和北京市动物检疫人员管理办法等8项规定,2005年3月起将全面实施. 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献