鸡新城疫和鸡痘疫苗口服接种的免疫应答

用鸡新城疫F毒株和鸡痘HP_1毒株对鸡单独和联合经口免疫,比较其体液免疫反应和免疫原性。两个鸡群各自的抗新城疫病毒血凝抑制(HI)抗体滴度和抗鸡痘病毒的被动血凝(PHA)抗体滴度相似。各组鸡经第二次接种后血清中IgG浓度显著增高,新城疫疫苗诱发产生的IgG量显著高于鸡痘疫苗。两种疫苗联合免疫和新城疫F毒株疫苗单独免疫,血清中产生的IgG浓度无明显区别。用新城疫和鸡痘强毒,在不同日龄经联合和单独免疫获得的保护力并无显著差异。     

鸡痘疫苗刺种免疫失败的原因及其对策

2005年11～12月份，来我门诊部就诊的免疫过鸡痘疫苗发生鸡痘的病例增多。为什么免疫过鸡痘疫苗的鸡还会发生鸡痘，笔者通过调查了解到，是由以下几种原因引起的。①鸡痘疫苗免疫刺种部位不规范；②刺种时刺种针槽向下，还没有刺种疫苗被滴落（刺种针槽应向上）；③刺种针蘸疫苗时疫苗液没有浸过刺种针的槽，这样蘸取疫苗量不足；④鸡痘冻干疫苗用凉开水稀释（须用灭菌生理盐水）；⑤按鸡痘免疫操作规程中规定，刺种后7～10天对刺种部位检查，若无反应时补种，养鸡户没有进行认真检查。     

鸡痘疫苗免疫失败的原因及体会

近年来,开原市大骨鸡鸡痘病时有发生.鸡痘是由禽痘病毒引起的一种接触性传染病,如发病则症状较重,大约70～140日龄前后发病的最多.     

鸡免疫失败原因分析

近年,我国兽医工作者和饲养者普通感到鸡病的防治难度越来越大,虽然接种疫苗,并采取很多防疫措施,但仍不断发生各种传染病,其原因错综复杂,笔者根据多年临床实践和经验,分析如下。１饲养的环境因素鸡场的硬件设施不健全：如场址不当,场内布局不合理,防疫设施不齐...     

鸡群接种疫苗后失败原因的分析

鸡群实施疫苗接种是防治传染病发生的重要措施之一。但疫苗接种不可能使百分之百的鸡都获得保护,有时鸡免疫后仍发生发病甚至死亡的现象。鸡群疫苗接种失败的原因如下。     

鸡痘疫苗使用方法

鸡痘弱毒冻干疫苗,刺种免疫时按瓶签注明的羽份,用灭菌生理盐水稀释,用鸡痘刺种专用针蘸取稀释的疫苗;用鸡痘疫苗专用刺种针浸入疫苗溶液,针槽充满药液后将针轻靠瓶内侧,除去附在针上多余药液。拨开鸡毛、小心刺入鸡翅内侧无血管的翼膜三角区,避免伤及肌肉、关节、血管。一般情况下,疫苗稀释1000只鸡最多需8 mL,也有10 mL。20~30日龄雏鸡刺1针,30日龄以上鸡刺2针(51日龄鸡刺2针),6~20日龄雏鸡用再稀释1倍的疫苗刺1针。后备种鸡可于雏鸡接种后60 d再接种1次,接种后3~4 d,刺种部位微现红肿、结痂,14~21 d痂块脱落。     

鸡痘疫苗紧急接种失败原因分析

鸡痘是由鸡痘病毒引起的鸡的一种接触性传染病,临诊上通常表现为皮肤型、黏膜型和混合型.鸡对鸡痘的易感性很高,不分龄期、性别和品种均易感染.鸡痘一年四季均可发生,但在每年5～10月最易流行.地处江汉平原水网地带的养鸡场、养鸡专业户饲养的鸡几乎每年都有鸡痘发生.鸡痘虽然使病鸡生长迟缓、产蛋减少,但因其传播缓慢、死亡率较低,在生产实践中对鸡痘的预防往往重视不够,一般都是在鸡痘发生后才进行紧急接种,但预防效果不理想.最近笔者接触到一起鸡痘疫苗紧急接种失败的病例.     

鸡痘疫苗紧急接种失败原因分析

鸡痘是由鸡痘病毒引起的鸡的一种接触性传染病,临诊上通常表现为皮肤型、粘膜型和混合型。鸡对鸡痘的易感性很高,不分龄期、性别和品种均易感染。鸡痘一年四季均可发生,但在每年5～10月最易流行。地处江汉平原水网地带的养鸡场、养鸡专业户饲养的鸡几乎每年都有鸡痘发生。鸡痘虽然使病鸡生长迟缓、产蛋减少,但因其传播缓慢、死亡率较低,在生产实践中对鸡痘的预防往往重视不够,一般都是在鸡痘发生后才进行紧急接种,但预防效果不理想。最近笔者见到一起鸡痘疫苗紧急接种失败的病例。一、发病经过1999年9月荆州某鸡场饲养艾维茵肉鸡25 0…     

金丝雀痘诊断与痘病毒致弱试验

本试验对送检的金丝雀经实验室诊断，确认为金丝雀痘，对分离的痘病毒进行动物致病性试验、病毒分离传代和致试验、致弱毒保护力试验和返强试验。结果表明：金丝雀痘病毒经鸡胚盲传３后能适鸡胚并致死金丝雀，８代后无致病性，１３例毒性快速通过本动物３次无返强现象，金丝雀用第１３代毒刺种３０天能抵抗强毒攻击。     

羊痘的研究进展

羊痘是危害养羊业健康发展的一种烈性传染病,各国学者对该病的诊断与防治进行了广泛研究。作者从羊痘的病原学特征、流行病学特征、诊断方法、防治等方面进行了综述。     

绵羊痘病毒和山羊痘病毒通用RPA检测方法的特异性试验

应用我们建立的绵羊痘病毒和山羊痘病毒通用RPA检测方法,通过对口蹄疫病毒、传染性脓疱皮炎病毒、鸡痘病毒、绵羊痘病毒、羊痘疫苗和羊痘重组质粒样本的检测,验证绵羊痘病毒和山羊痘病毒通用RPA检测方法对绵羊痘/山羊痘病毒检测的特异性。结果显示该方法对羊痘疫苗、羊痘重组质粒、绵羊痘病毒核酸和山羊痘病毒核酸阳性样品能够在试纸条上显示出阳性条带,而对其他样品不显示阳性条带。表明该方法具有良好的特异性,在绵羊痘/山羊痘病毒检测中应用前景广阔。     

加减黄连解毒汤治疗猪痘

据朱家场镇詹家坳村詹链养猪场和街上村田勇养猪场反映,2008年4月25日从四川购进一批种用猪共计50头,购进当日猪不食,体温升高,咳嗽,精神萎靡不振,鼻、眼有卡他性黏液覆盖.     

The Extent and Impact of Sheep Pox and Goat Pox in the State of Maharashtra,India

A survey of sheep and goat producers in the state of Maharashtra, India, was undertaken to ascertain the extent and economic impact of sheep pox and goat pox (SGP). One thousand one hundred and sixteen owners were interviewed. Eighty owners (7.2%) reported that they had experienced an outbreak of the disease in the previous 6 years. The results showed that, while producers ranked SGP below other infectious diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease, rinderpest and enterotoxaemia, when SGP occurred it had a major impact, with average morbidity and mortality rates of 63.5% and 49.5%, respectively. Modelling studies suggested it would take about 6 years for a flock or herd to recover from an outbreak, with average annual losses in income of 30–43%, depending on flock type and the owner's actions. Statewide, it is estimated that around 5000 flocks and herds are affected by SGP annually in Maharashtra, costing up to INR 107.5 million. The highest losses occurred in the Aurangabad region.     

山羊痘疫情的诊断及防制效果

1 疫情经过 2002年11月至2003年3月我市有两个乡的山羊饲养户10户,饲养的895只山羊,发病56只,发病率63.13％,死亡241只,死亡率26.93％。该病发病急、传播快,个别场在2—3天即在羊群中传播开,发病率高达100％,死亡率高达77.5％。2 临床症状 病羊体温升高至41—42℃,食欲不振、减退或废绝,呼吸困难,眼、鼻有脓性分泌物,皮肤长出大小不一的结节状物,突出     

Ultrastructural study of the luminal surface of the ducts of the epididymis of gallinaceous birds

The various ducts of the epididymides of four gallinaceous birds, the turkey (Meleagris gallopavo), domestic fowl (Gallus gallus), guinea-fowl (Numida meleagris) and Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were studied at the scanning and transmission electron microscopy levels. The tissues were fixed either by immersion or vascular perfusion, for comparative purposes. Each duct system, save for a few details, presented similar morphological features in all species. The epithelial surface of the rete testis was regular and each cell bore a single cilium, as well as numerous, or in some parts, very few, short, regular microvilli. Each of the Types I and II non-ciliated cells of the proximal and efferent ducts displayed abundant, moderately long and regular microvilli, and a solitary cilium. The ciliated cells exhibited tufts of cilia. The Type III non-ciliated cell of the connecting and epididymal ducts exhibited a solitary cilium, and numerous microvilli which were intermediate in length between those of the rete testis and those of the efferent ducts. Vascular perfusion of the avian epididymal tissue was the superior method of fixation because it minimised the developments of fixation artefacts. Apocrine secretion did not appear to occur in the epididymis of these birds as the apical blebs of Types I, II and III cells, which have previously been reported, only manifest in this study in inadequately fixed tissues, and were therefore viewed as being artefacts. The present findings suggest that the current terminology, as applied to the avian epididymis, be retained.     

Suspected Reticuloendotheliosis in Turkeys with Cutaneous Lesions Reminiscent of Fowl Pox

Twelve turkeys from a flock of 2,500 had cutaneous lesions somewhat resembling fowl pox. Lymphoid-like tumors were evident in livers and spleens. Closer examination of cutaneous lesions, and histopathological examinations indicated skin lesions were also infiltrative and not unlike reticuloendotheliosis. Electron micrographs revealed the presence of C-type virus particles.