番茄斑萎病毒NASBA检测方法的建立

为建立一种快速检测番茄斑萎病毒(Tomato spotted wilt virus,TSWV)的方法,以TSWV-CP1/TSWV-CP2为引物对TSWV的N基因进行PCR扩增及序列测定,在TSWV N基因的高度保守区设计特异性扩增引物NA-P1/NA-P2进行核酸序列依赖性扩增(NASBA)反应,并对NASBA方法的特异性和灵敏度进行验证。结果表明,建立的NASBA方法最佳反应时间为1.5 h。该方法特异性较好,只有TSWV阳性样品中出现了预期大小为235 bp的扩增产物,与烟草环斑病毒(Tobacco ring spot virus,TRSV)、番茄黑环病毒(Tomato black ring virus,TBRV)、黄瓜花叶病毒(Cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)、番茄花叶病毒(Tomato mosaic virus,ToMV)、番茄黄化曲叶病毒(Tomato yellow curl virus,ToYCLV)无交叉反应。灵敏度验证中,实时荧光RT-PCR的灵敏度最高,为1.56×10~(-5)ng/μL感病植物RNA模板,NASBA次之,为1.56×10~(-4)ng/μL,普通RT-PCR最低,为1.56×10~(-3)ng/μL。在对9份实际样品检测中,NASBA的阳性检出率与实时荧光RT-PCR、普通RT-PCR相同,均为33%,高于ELISA检测的22%。表明NASBA方法适用于实际样品检测,可对TSWV进行快速检测。     

番茄褐色皱果病毒TaqMan 荧光定量RT-PCR检测方法的建立及应用

为建立番茄褐色皱果病毒(tomato brown rugose fruit virus, ToBRFV)TaqMan荧光定量RT-PCR方法，本研究针对ToBRFV RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶(RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, RdRP)基因序列设计了4组特异性引物和TaqMan探针，构建了标准曲线，并对该方法的特异性、灵敏度和实际样品的检测效率进行评估。结果显示，该方法特异性强，与番茄花叶病毒、番茄斑驳花叶病毒、烟草花叶病毒、黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒、番茄环斑病毒、番茄黑环病毒、辣椒轻斑驳病毒、烟草环斑病毒和凤果花叶病毒等9种病毒均无交叉反应。建立的标准曲线的R²为0.999,扩增效率为102.096%,检测灵敏度为10 fg/μL,与EPPO PM 7/146(1)推荐的CaTa28、CSP1325方法相当，是常规RT-PCR的100倍；采用该方法成功从60份番茄和辣椒叶片、种子样品中检出10份阳性样品。建立的TaqMan荧光定量RT-PCR方法特异性强、灵敏度高，适用于实际样品中ToBRFV的快速精准检测。     

香蕉3种主要病毒的多重PCR检测

根据香蕉束顶病毒(Banana bunchy top virus,BBTV)、黄瓜花叶病毒(Cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)和香蕉线条病毒(Banana streak virus,BSV)3种病毒核酸保守序列设计相应特异性引物,通过体系优化,建立了可以同时检测香蕉束顶病毒、黄瓜花叶病毒、香蕉线条病毒的多重PCR体系。     

香蕉花叶病的酶联免疫检测技术研究

 用分离自香蕉病株的黄瓜花叶病毒香蕉毒株(CMV-B)和烟草花叶病毒香蕉毒株(TMV-B)制备抗血清,其效价As-CMV-B为1:5000,As-TMV-B为1:8000。用这两种抗血清检测香蕉花叶病,间接ELISA和PAS-ELISA法可检测香蕉病叶汁液的最大稀释度均为1:1280,健叶汁液无非特异性反应,Dot-ELISA可检测病叶汁液的最大稀释度为1:640,健叶汁液在稀释度为1:20时有轻度非特异性反应。用间接ELISA法检测了田间香蕉病株和香蕉试管苗标样共158份,其中CMV的带毒率为58%,TMV的带毒率为19%,二者复合感染率为8.5%。     

三七花叶症的检测与鉴定

从云南文山采集的表现明显花叶,并畸形、皱缩症状的三七样品,经血清学检测,与黄瓜花叶病毒(cucumbermosaicCucumovirus,CMV)有弱阳性反应,根据CMV种的外壳蛋白同源性序列设计引物,对其进行了RT鄄PCR扩增和序列分析,判定样品中含有CMV。     

辽宁省蔬菜病毒病调查与鉴定

本研究于2014—2015年,针对辽宁省茄科(番茄、辣椒)、葫芦科(黄瓜)、豆科(菜豆)、十字花科(白菜)几种主要蔬菜,对烟草花叶病毒(TMV)、黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV)、菜豆萎蔫病毒(BBWV)、黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒(CGMMV)和芜菁花叶病毒(Tu MV)进行Dot-ELISA检测,对辣椒轻斑驳病毒(PMMo V)进行RT-PCR检测。调查中共采集样品778份,病毒总检出率为14.4%。其中,TMV、CMV、BBWV、Tu MV、PMMo V均有检出,检出率分别为11.3%、6.5%、1.9%、7.6%和0.6%,CGMMV在各地均未检出。从各地区病毒发生情况来看,凤城地区蔬菜病毒种类较多,发生较重。此次调查中有12份样品被检测出有复合侵染的现象,占总检出率的1.5%。     

黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒磁免疫层析试纸条的研制

用磁性纳米颗粒标记黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒的兔多克隆抗体建立了简便快速的磁免疫层析试纸条检测方法。该方法检测提纯病毒的灵敏度为0.1 μg/mL,检测葫芦病汁液可稀释10 000倍(重量／体积)。试纸条和黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒具有特异性反应,和同属的烟草花叶病毒、番茄花叶病毒、辣椒轻斑驳病毒和齿兰环斑病毒,未出现交叉反应。该试纸条可用于田间病害检测和诊断。     

甘肃省18种药用植物病毒病调查及2种病毒病的鉴定

2012年6月至2013年9月对甘肃省宕昌县、漳县、岷县、渭源县、陇西县、临洮县等地区种植的具有疑似病毒病症状的半夏等18种药用植物进行调查及采样。采用黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV)、苜蓿花叶病毒(AMV)、烟草花叶病毒(TMV)、番茄花叶病毒(ToMV)、马铃薯Y病毒(PVY)、马铃薯X病毒(PVX)、芜菁花叶病毒(TuMV)等7种双抗体夹心免疫酶联检测(DAS-ELISA)试剂盒初检, 并对CMV和ToMV采用反转录PCR(RT-PCR)方法复检, 结果表明, 半夏、掌叶大黄和红花3种药用植物受到黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV)侵染; 马兜铃、土贝母及当归3种植物受到番茄花叶病毒(ToMV)侵染; 样品中未检测到上述其他病毒种类, 其余12种病毒样品的病原尚未确定。本研究为国内首次报道CMV病毒侵染掌叶大黄、红花, ToMV病毒侵染马兜铃、当归和土贝母。此研究为防治上述病毒病提供了依据。     

一套适合烤烟3种RNA病毒的RT-PCR检测方法

烤烟是贵州省的重要经济作物,但是烟草花叶病毒(TMV)、黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV)和马铃薯Y病毒(PVY)3种RNA病毒在贵州烤烟产区造成巨大损失.3种病毒引起的症状相似性造成了田间诊断的困难.针对贵州烟区的样品,开发了一套包含了靶向3种病毒外壳蛋白基因特异性片段的RT-PCR检测方法.3对引物涵盖的基因片段长度分别为:T...     

应用细菌磁颗粒RT-PCR检测3种植物病毒

根据细菌磁颗粒对植物病毒颗粒的非特异性吸附作用,建立了一种新的提取植物病毒RNA的方法。利用细菌磁颗粒收集黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒、黄瓜花叶病毒和百合无症病毒等3种病毒颗粒,富集分离后,通过高温使其裂解释放出病毒RNA,进行RT-PCR检测。与利用Trizol试剂提取这3种植物病毒的RNA相比,具有操作简单、无毒性,能够显著缩短提取时间。对黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒的检测灵敏度验证表明:BMPs-RT-PCR与Trizol-RT-PCR的检测灵敏度相同,均为105倍的植物叶片组织稀释液。     

Molecular characterization of Cucumber mosaic virus strain causing severe mosaic disease on petunia in India

Severe mosaic, yellowing and stunting symptoms were observed on petunia (Petunia hybrida L.) growing in pots at NBRI and in various gardens of Lucknow, India. The association of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) with the mosaic disease was detected based on positive bioassay on susceptible hosts, isometric cored virus particles of ~28?nm during electron microscopic observations in leaf dip preparations and positive amplification of expected size (~650?bp) during RT-PCR using coat protein gene specific primers. Further, the complete RNA 3 genomic fragment of virus isolate was amplified by RT-PCR using RNA 3 specific primers. The obtained amplicons of ~2.2 Kb were cloned and sequenced. The analysis of sequence data of RNA 3 revealed highest sequence identities (96%) with several CMV strains which belong to subgroup IB. The virus isolate also showed closest phylogenetic relationships with banana strain of CMV of subgroup IB (Acc. EF178298) reported from India. To the best of our knowledge, we report the first molecular characterization of CMV strain of subgroup IB causing severe mosaic disease on petunia in India.     

Molecular characterization of a Cucumber mosaic virus isolate associated with mosaic disease of banana in India

Severe mosaic accompanied by leaf and fruit deformation symptoms was observed on banana plants growing in three banana farms of Uttar Pradesh, India. The disease incidence was approximately 18–25% at these locations during the three successive years from 2005 to 2007. The occurrence of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) was initially detected by bioassay, electron microscopic observations, Western blot immunoassay and RT-PCR. For molecular identification of virus, the RNA 1a, RNA 2b and RNA 3 genomic fragments were amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced. The sequence analysis of these genomic fragments revealed its highest identities and close relationships with Indian strains of CMV of subgroup IB; therefore, virus associated with the mosaic disease of banana was identified as an isolate of CMV of subgroup IB. In the limited reports existing from India, which provided preliminary serological or only coat protein-based identification of CMV infecting banana but the comprehensive studies were lacking. In the present communication, we present a detailed biological, serological and molecular characterization of CMV-Banana for the first time from India.     

Natural infection of banana by a satellite-containing strain of cucumber mosaic virus: nucleotide sequence of the coat protein gene and the satellite RNA

Banana plants expressing mosaic symptoms, from the Jordan Valley in Israel, were shown to be infected by a satellite-RNA-containing strain of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Double-stranded RNA isolated from field-infected banana, without passage through another host, was used as a template for synthesis of cDNA. The cDNAs corresponding to the coat protein (CP) gene and to the satellite RNA were cloned after polymerase chain reaction amplification. The nucleotide sequences of the CP and the satellite cDNAs were determined. The CP gene and its 3′ flanking sequence had 98% similarity to the CMV Fny nucleotide sequence and the two strains differed in only one amino acid of the CP. The associated satellite had a sequence similarity ranging from 95% to 85.6% with other CMV satellites. Analysis of banana suckers differing in symptoms’ severity indicated a correlation between the presence of satellite and attenuation of symptoms.     

Development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid and sensitive detection of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4

Fusarium wilt (Panama disease), caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 (Foc race 4), is one of the most destructive diseases affecting banana (Musa). Early and accurate detection of Foc race 4 is essential to protect the banana industry. We developed a novel and highly specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the detection of Foc race 4 based on a SCAR marker sequence. The detection limit for this assay was 10 fg per 25 μl reaction in pure culture and DNA amplification was completed within 60 min. The assays detected 69 different isolates of Foc race 4 from geographically distinct counties in China, and no cross-reaction was observed with other fungal pathogens. When 26 infected and eight healthy looking but infested banana samples naturally from different fields were examined, the detection rate of LAMP was 100 %. The LAMP assay developed in this study was simple, fast, sensitive, and specific, and can be used in the field to detect Foc race 4 in infected banana plant tissue in resource-poor settings.     

侵染云南鸡蛋果的病毒种类鉴定及CMV cp 基因序列分析

Viral diseased Passiflora edulis samples showing mosaic, shrinking, chlorosis, and malformation were collected from Yuxi, Wenshan, Dehong, and Xishuangbanna in Yunnan Province. Forty diseased samples were detected by RT-PCR/PCR using degenerate primers of members in genera of Umbravirus, Tobamovirus, Luteovirus, Orthotospovirus, Begomovirus, Badnavirus, Potyvirus and specific primers of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Results showed that CMV, telosma mosaic virus (TeMV) and papaya leaf curl Guangdong virus (PaLCuGdV) were detected in the diseased P. edulis samples. CMV showed the highest detection rate of 27.5 %, while TeMV and PaLCuGdV had the rates of 20.0% and 7.5% respectively among the P. edulis samples. Mixed infections of PaLCuGdV+CMV, PaLCuGdV+TeMV and CMV+TeMV were also found in these samples. The 657 nucleotide (nt) CMV full-length coat protein (CP) gene was cloned and sequenced from two diseased samples in Yuxi (YYXi-JDG, Acc. No. MW495062) and Xishuangbanna (YXSBN-JDG, Acc. No. MW495063), respectively. These two CMV isolates shared 97.3% identity of nt sequence with each other, while had 76.9%-97.7% and 77.0%-98.2% nt identity with other CMV isolates, respectively. Phylogenetic tree showed that the two CMV isolates from P. edulis belonged to CMV subgroup Ⅰ, and no obvious geographic differentiation and host specificity relationship was found among the selected 33 CMV isolates worldwide.