Serum lipids and lipoproteins in equine colic and grass sickness

Serum total lipids, lipoprotein fractions, triglycerides, cholesterol, phospholipids and free fatty acids were measured in horses with acute, subacute and chronic grass sickness (equine dysautonomia) and in colic cases. The values were compared with those of normal grazing and stabled horses. A marked individual variation occurred, but total lipids, triglycerides and free fatty acids were significantly higher than normal in grass sickness and colic cases with cholesterol was significantly higher than normal in grass sickness cases only. Pre-beta lipoprotein was significantly increased in colic and subacute grass sickness although all abnormal groups showed this fraction which was absent from normal horses. The percentage of alpha 2b lipoprotein was significantly higher in colic and grass sickness. The changes described are typical of those occurring in fat mobilisation in the horse and are considered to be due to a number of factors including decreased food intake, cortisol and catecholamine release and insulin resistance.     

朗德鹅与籽鹅、莱籽鹅杂交的产肝性能观察

随机选择朗德鹅与籽鹅、莱籽鹅的杂交鹅雏各50只,待养至4月龄后达成年体重时,每组选择20只,进行为期3～4周的填饲试验。测量填饲肥肝平均重、平均耗料量和肝料比。结果表明：朗德×菜籽鹅的平均肝重为669．00g,极显著高于朗德×籽鹅（P〈0．01）,较朗德×籽鹅、菜籽鹅与籽鹅分别提高了163．09g、289．00g和365．85g,即分别提高了32．24％、76．05％和120．68％;同时降低了单位肥肝的饲料消耗量,肝料比为1：33．71。因此,从肥肝重和耗料上综合评价得出,朗德×菜籽鹅组的填饲效果最佳,是生产肥肝最好的杂交组合。     

Female-specific DNA sequences in geese

1. The OPAE random primers (Operon Technologies, Inc., CA) were used for random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting in Chinese, White Roman and Landaise geese. One of these primers, OPAE-06, produced a 938-bp sex-specific fragment in all females and in no males of Chinese geese only. 2. A novel female-specific DNA sequence in Chinese goose was cloned and sequenced. Two primers, CGSex-F and CGSex-R, were designed in order to amplify a 912-bp sex-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fragment on genomic DNA from female geese. 3. It was shown that a simple and effective PCR-based sexing technique could be used in the three goose breeds studied. 4. Nucleotide sequencing of the sex-specific fragments in White Roman and Landaise geese was performed and sequence differences were observed among these three breeds.     

合浦鹅在南宁杂交四川白鹅效果初报

南宁市种畜场，从1998年1月起陆续引入灰羽合浦鹅作父本和四川白鹅为母本共5000多羽，进行选育配套杂交试验，以生产杂种一代鹅作肉用。经过两个产蛋年的观察，种鹅基本适应南宁的气候环境，母鹅产蛋量第一产蛋年67．28枚，第二产蛋年70．35枚，达到该品种原产地60－80枚水平，种蛋受精率平均84．86％，受精蛋出雏率平均90．09％。一代杂种鹅，99．75％为灰羽，生长速度的杂种优势率为3．14％。对四川白鹅的杂交改进率：生长速度为19％、全净膛重25．7％、胸肌重为113．2％、腿肌重为82％。10周龄体重为4．1千克、平均育成率93％、耗精料增重比达1．93：1。本试验结果说明，在南宁利用体大灰羽合浦鹅作父本，以产蛋较多的四川白鹅作母本，生产一代杂种作肉鹅饲养是可行的。     

恩诺沙星在鹅体内的药代动力学研究

本文对恩诺沙星在鹅体内的药动学特征进行了研究,36只鹅随机分为2组,A组静脉注射恩诺沙星溶液;B组口服恩诺沙星溶液,给药剂量均为10mg/kg体重。数据采用DAS2.0进行分析。试验结果显示,静脉注射组多项药动学参数与口服组相比存在较显著差异,静脉注射组AUC约为口服组的1.3倍,在其体内清除率仅为口服组的3/5,但在体内消除却较快,平均驻留时间仅为口服组的7/10,结合恩诺沙星对常见敏感菌的MIC参数考虑,可以认为,口服10mg/kg剂量可以满足临床养殖中抗敏感细菌感染的要求。     

肉鹅营养需要研究进展

<正>近年来全国各地养鹅业发展很快,据报道到2005年,全国鹅存栏量达到10亿只,是世界上最大的养鹅大国,很多贫困地区把养鹅作为脱贫致富的产业。然而,就在这样一个养鹅大国,其饲养标准仍然参考美国NRC、前苏联标准,或沿用禽类的标准,由于品种、饲料、环境及饲养条件的不同,造成鹅生长缓慢,产量降低,而且浪费严重。本文参阅国内外对肉鹅营养需要研究的资料,对生长鹅营养研究作一综述,以进一步促进肉鹅营养需要的研究进展。     

引入皖西鹅的适应性及改良本地鹅的效果研究

本文阐述了引入皖西白鹅的适应性及杂交改良本地鹅的效果。结果表明,由安徽省引入吉林省的皖西白鹅能够适应引入地的饲养管理条件,与本地鹅杂交,改良的Ｆ１代增重比本地鹅提高３４．４％,毛重提高３２．６％,绒重提高２５．７％,受精率达８６％。     

Helminths in broiler geese fattened in runs

The occurrence of helminths in broiler geese was studied in the rapid-fattening technological system in 1974-1978. The birds were kept on grassy run adjacent to water. Helminthological examination was performed in 1065 broilers and the following 16 helminth species were revealed: Notocotylus attenuatus (0.3%), Apatemon gracilis (1.5%), Cotyrulus cornutus (0.1%), Hypoderaeum conoideum (0.1%), Retinometra longicirrosa (3.2%), Drepanidotaenia lanceolata (3.1%), Sobolevicanthus fragilis (0.7%), Diorchis stefanskii (0.8%), Microsomacanthus microsoma (0.9%), Dilepis undula (0.1%), Capillaria caudinflata (0.2%), Capillaria obsignata (7.7%), Amidostomum anseris (3.7%), Trichostrongylus tenuis (0.2%), Ganguleterakis dispar (16.8%), and Heterakis gallinarum (0.4%). Seven of these species were found for the first time in geese in Czechoslovakia (A. gracilis, C. cornutus, H. conoideum, M. microsoma, D. undula, C. caudinflata, and H. gallinarum). The species Dilepis undula has not been recorded in this host species ever before. The extensity and intensity of the invasions, the frequency of monoinvasions and mixed invasions, and the relation of invasion extensity and intensity to the age of the broilers examined were evaluated during the study.     

莱茵鹅与地方鹅种杂交利用效果初探

为了探讨优良品种莱茵鹅改良地方鹅的效果,我们于2002年4月16日～6月2日在黑龙江省畜牧研究所鹅育种中心进行了此次试验。1材料与方法种鹅父本为纯种莱茵鹅,母本为黑龙江省畜牧研究所鹅育种中心引入后自繁的地方品种鹅,包括籽鹅、本地白鹅和豁鹅三个品种。选用鹅雏是由父本莱茵鹅与母本地方鹅杂交及母本纯繁所得的同批优良子代,共6组,每组100只(公母各半):Ⅰ组,本地白鹅;Ⅱ组,豁鹅;Ⅲ组,籽鹅;Ⅳ组,莱茵鹅×本地白鹅;Ⅴ组,莱茵鹅×豁鹅;Ⅵ组,莱茵鹅×籽鹅。6组试验鹅饲喂同一日粮,第一周饲喂雏鹅颗粒料,其余时间喂雏鹅粉料。饲养管理完全一致…     

皖西白鹅常蛋鹅的选育

皖西白鹅是我国优良的中型鹅品种之一,但其繁殖率低,制约了鹅业养殖规模的发展.为了提高皖西白鹅的繁殖率、降低养鹅生产成本,对皖西白鹅中产蛋量较高的常蛋鹅进行选育,并测定其各世代生产性能.结果表明:经过三世代的选育,皖西白鹅常蛋鹅生产性能进一步提高,产蛋量平均38.8枚/只,平均蛋重145.6g/枚,蛋型指数1.42,种蛋受精率89.1%.     

鹅人工授精技术应用的体会

近年来 ,我区的养鹅生产发展迅速 ,已从过去的农户散养 ,发展成为规模大、集约化的大生产。目前市场上对雏鹅的需求量很大 ,往往供不应求。原因除了鹅是季节性产蛋、产蛋少之外 ,在产蛋季节 ,受精率低 ,也是一个重要的影响因素。为了提高母鹅的受精率 ,我场在广西大学动物科技学院养禽与禽病研究所的专家指导下 ,开展了鹅的人工授精试验 ,取得了可喜的成绩 ,现将我场鹅人工授精的做法和经验体会报道如下。1　种公鹅的采精训练从后备公鹅群中选择符合本品种特征 ,体格发育良好 ,头颈高昂 ,胸部挺拔 ,脚胫粗壮的公鹅留为种用。公鹅达 2 1 0日…