Impact of direct dry seeding on rainfed paddy vegetation in north-east Thailand

In north-east Thailand where rainfed paddy cultivation is commonplace, direct dry seeding is replacing transplanting to increase the frequency of successful plantings and to save labor. The present study shows the impact of this change on paddy vegetation from agricultural and ecological viewpoints. One hundred and seventy-nine paddy fields from a wide range of climatic, topography, soil and hydrological conditions were used in this study. Authors visited these fields every 3 weeks during the rainy seasons of 1996–1998 to collect data about water conditions, rice growth, progress of cultivation, paddy vegetation and roughness (unevenness) of the soil surface. Analysis of this data revealed that direct dry seeded fields are resource-poor and have a wider range of water conditions within a field than transplanted fields due to a rougher soil surface. This results in lower productivity of total vegetation for rice growing in direct dry seeded fields. However, weed productivity was not significantly different between the direct dry seeding and transplanted fields. Direct dry seeded fields have more species-rich vegetation and greater diversity than the transplanted fields. Previous planting methods for particular fields did not influence productivity and diversity of paddy vegetation. It is concluded that the use of direct dry seeding increases biomass production of rice and the diversity of the paddy vegetation. The present results also suggest that an analytical framework be used to integrate agricultural and ecological studies of paddy vegetation in order to harmonize agricultural productivity with biological diversity.     

Rice yield losses by competition with weeds in rainfed paddy fields in north-east Thailand

Economic growth in recent years has induced a labor shortage for agriculture in north-east Thailand. Labor-saving techniques, such as the replacement of transplanting with direct seeding, have become widespread. Direct seeding methods have advantages over transplanting regarding labor savings and reductions in production risks, but may cause weed problems. Therefore, rice yield reduction by competition with weeds becomes a potential problem in this region. In the present research, the extent of weed competition in rice production from the viewpoint of resource level and disturbance intensity was studied. A large number of paddy fields from a wide range of climatic, topographical, soil and hydrological conditions were analyzed. The survey was conducted every 3 weeks, and data on paddy cultivation, weeds and water conditions were recorded. Average yield of direct seeded rice was significantly lower than that of transplanted rice. The yield decreased with resource decreases in both direct seeded (DSF) and transplanted paddy fields (TF). Although the yield was not different under resource-rich conditions, the yield of direct seeded rice was lower than that of transplanted rice under resource-medium and -poor conditions. Competition intensity was not different among resource levels or between DSF and TF. Competition intensity in all fields was between 0.02 and 0.09 on average, indicating 2–9% yield losses caused by competition with weeds regardless of resource level and disturbance intensity. This suggests that low yield of direct seeded rice under resource-medium and -poor conditions was not mainly caused by competition with weeds, whereas yield losses by weeds were observed in all field types. However, from an economical viewpoint, weeding should be applied only to limited parts of this region with stable and relatively high rice yields.     

湖南双季晚稻不同栽培方式对稻飞虱及其天敌的影响

2010-2012年, 通过盆拍法结合吸虫机采样法调查了湖南双季晚稻不同栽培方式(抛秧、移栽和直播)下稻飞虱及其天敌的发生情况。结果表明：3种不同栽培方式下稻丛分蘖数差异显著, 移栽田分蘖数最多, 最高分蘖数为1 008株/m 2, 而直播田分蘖数最少, 最低仅为259株/m 2。栽培方式对稻飞虱若虫孵化率无显著影响, 各次调查孵化率均在65%~75%之间。稻飞虱卵的寄生率与分蘖数两者之间呈现负相关关系, 直播栽培方式有利于稻飞虱卵寄生性天敌的控害作用。直播栽培方式下褐飞虱和白背飞虱种群密度均小于抛秧田和移栽田, 4代和5代褐飞虱田间数量均与分蘖数和有效积温呈正相关关系, 而4代和5代白背飞虱种群数量与分蘖数和有效积温无显著相关关系。3年调查共捕获稻飞虱天敌35种, 抛秧和移栽栽培方式下系统调查田多样性指数和丰富度指数有高于直播栽培的趋势。     

Radar Studies of Insects

Abstract

Yield and weed growth in dry-seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.) were unaffected by method of seeding. Weeds depressed rice yields by 95%. Fourteen weed species were found growing in association with dry-seeded rice at maximum flowering of the weeds. Echinochloa colona (L.) Link and Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees were the major weeds. A dramatic change in the weed flora was observed in transplanted rice planted immediately after the harvest of the dry-seeded crop. Only five species grew in association with the transplanted crop. Monochoria vaginalis (Burm.) Presl. dominated. E. colona and L. chinensis were present in transplanted rice but were only minor weeds. The number of weeds in the transplanted crop was less than 50%, and weighed only 5% as much as those in the dry-seeded crop. There was no carryover of the weed control treatments from the dry-seeded crop to the transplanted crop.     

栽培措施对杂草稻和栽培稻生长的影响

无论何种杂草稻密度和移栽措施下,杂草稻生长受到明显抑制,栽培稻生长没有受到明显影响,移栽不仅较好地抑制了杂草稻的发生,同时保证水稻产量,使产量达到3 496.65 kg/hm2。旱直播对杂草稻出苗率影响较小,造成杂草稻密度过高,栽培稻产量严重降低,较移栽下降了1 011.15 kg/hm2。水直播对杂草稻出苗抑制作用要明显优于旱直播,使得杂草稻出苗率较旱直播下降9.14%,但是水直播对杂草稻出苗后的生长抑制不明显,使得杂草稻发生量达到1 219.35 kg/hm2,栽培稻产量仅为1 829.85 kg/hm2。随着杂草稻密度的增大,对自身种群的影响主要表现为个体地上部分干生物量显著降低和抽穗时间的推迟;其对栽培稻的影响主要表现在栽培稻剑叶宽、分蘖数、有效穗数、地上部分干生物量、穗长、每穗饱粒数、每穗总粒数、千粒重和实际产量等方面随着杂草稻密度的增加而逐渐降低。综合考虑各方面因素,可以在杂草稻发生较为严重的田块使用移栽措施,在杂草稻发生中等的田块使用水直播措施,并且适当提高栽培稻播种量。在杂草稻发生较少的田块使用旱直播措施,从而达到成本和收益的平衡。     

不同种植方式对水稻根结线虫病发生危害的影响

水稻根结线虫病是严重危害水稻生产的主要病害之一,目前尚无成本低且安全有效的防控方法。本研究通过田间小区试验评价了直播、移栽和直播前撒施0.2 kg/667 m 210%噻唑膦颗粒剂(GR)3种种植方式下水稻根结线虫病发生及危害情况。结果表明,与直播相比,移栽田移栽后25 d水稻根结线虫的抑制率达到94.26%,根结指数为1.97,与直播前撒施0.2 kg/667 m 210%噻唑膦GR化学药剂处理组无显著差异;移栽后55 d水稻根结线虫的抑制率为58.56%。同时,移栽田移栽后25 d和55 d根结线虫2龄幼虫虫口减退率分别达到77.63%和72.22%。此外,移栽田水稻株高与根长均高于直播处理组及直播前撒施10%噻唑膦GR处理组;产量比直播处理组增加26.34%,直播处理组产量和直播前撒施10%噻唑膦GR处理组没有显著差异。因此,在水稻根结线虫病发生严重的田块采用移栽方式种植,可显著抑制根结线虫的发生为害,是一种安全、有效的防控措施。     

Change in weed control studies of rice paddy fields in Korea

This paper was reviewed on the research status of weed control according to cultivating patterns of rice in Korea. Weed control study in a nursery bed was chiefly carried out to control the species of barnyardgrass at the times of machine transplanting. Propanil and nitrofen were applied successfully in wet-nursery beds, and chlornitrofen and pyrazolate/butachlor were also successfully applied in protected semi-irrigated rice nursery beds in the 1970s. Sequential application of herbicides in the mid-1980s has resulted in the end of hand weeding. In machine transplanting, basic research such as the selection of herbicides was conducted in the early 1970s, and its related research including crop injury, seedling age, and reaction of cultivars were done in the late 1970s to early 1980s. Effects of the continuous application of herbicides and its methods of labor saving for rice cultivation were studied in the mid to late 1980s. When the rice planting methods were newly established, such as transplanting when seedlings were 10-days-old and direct seeding from the early 1990s, weed control research relating to herbicides was carried out (e.g. herbicide registration, crop injury, water management, appropriate application time, and neighboring application with insecticide). Weed control for the dill seeding of fields in wetted and reclaimed saline land have been experimented with, particularly in terms of the physio-ecological characteristics and the control of problematic weeds, and the resistance of weeds to herbicides was also investigated systematically.     

Weedy rice represents an emerging threat to transplanted rice production systems in Japan

Weedy rice is a conspecific weed of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) and is a primary weed of direct‐seeded rice production systems worldwide. The shift in the method of establishing rice, that is, from transplanting to direct seeding, is considered the main reason for the emergence of weedy rice in Asia and, more recently, Japan. Japan has increasingly adopted directly seeded rice, even though this practice remains limited. In this study, I confirmed the relationship between weedy red rice emergence and the adoption of direct‐seeded rice in Japan. Twenty‐seven areas from eight prefectures infested with weedy rice were selected to confirm the relationship between the rice planting method and the emergence of weedy rice. Fields that were severely infested with weedy rice were selected as survey fields for this study. I found no relationship between the method of planting rice and weedy rice emergence. Changes to herbicide application, duration of rice production and hand weeding also contribute to the emergence of weedy rice in transplanted rice fields in Japan. The results of this study indicate that weedy rice could become a serious problem in Japan, even in transplanted rice fields.     

Development of lowland weed management and weed succession in Japan

Since the introduction of rice production in Japan, lowland areas have been managed for rice production with the purpose of better rice growth, as well as lesser weed infestation. Rice is cropped every year in lowland fields by repeated cultivation of a single crop, with high yields and without soil sickness usually being observed in upland fields. This is probably because the irrigation water supplies various nutrients for healthy rice growth and the drainage washes out and removes harmful factors. However, until recently, the wet or flooded conditions of lowland fields in the Asian monsoon region never have allowed humans to cultivate useful summer crops, except rice or some aquatic plants. Therefore, the management of lowland areas in the Asian monsoon region has been significantly different from European field management, where crop rotation has been the traditional standard practice. Paddy weeds are aquatic plants or hygrophytes that have adapted to lowland fields. Traditionally, tillage and puddling were practiced seasonally in lowland fields on a regular schedule every year. Rice cultivation technology was developed and supported by regional irrigation systems that created stable environments for typical paddy weeds to complete their life cycle. After the introduction of chemical weed control, rice fields became very severe habitats for these paddy weeds, where they could not grow and reproduce without strategies for survival under herbicide exposure. Even so, many of the traditional paddy weeds survived because of their accumulated or uneradicated seed banks, although several aquatic plants were listed as endangered or threatened species. The important weed species changed, sometimes rapidly and sometimes slowly, depending both on their reproductive system and their biological response towards field management and weed control systems. Very recently, the level of perennial weeds, herbicide‐resistant weeds, and weedy rice has increased in paddy fields that are highly dependent on herbicide use. In addition, several hygrophyte species have invaded paddy fields. In order to address these issues, the improvement and application of integrated weed management methods are expected to be critical.     

A case study of infection of rice roots by deleterious fungi and minor pathogenic<Emphasis Type="Italic"> Pythium</Emphasis> species in a paddy field

Roots of rice plants grown in paddy fields in a transplant culture system were collected seven times between 8 and 22 weeks after transplanting, for two crop seasons. Rice seedlings grown in a potting medium amended with the collected roots were significantly shorter than those grown in the same medium either without the addition of the roots or amended with pasteurized, collected roots indicating that seedlings were inhibited by heat-labile microorganisms on the collected rice roots. Ninety-five and 172 pure cultures of Pythium spp. and fungi, respectively, were isolated from the rice roots collected 5 or 7.5 weeks after transplanting in the fields. Among these microorganisms, Pythium aristosporum inhibited seedling growth in greenhouse experiments, and Acremonium sp., Alternaria sp., Epicoccum nigrum, Fusarium sp., Massarina sp., Penicillium spp., Rhinocladiella sp., Stemphylium sp., Trichocladium sp., and several unidentified fungi inhibited seminal root growth in in vitro experiments. These microorganisms might be involved in the inhibition of seedling growth in soils amended with the rice roots collected from the paddy field. Thus, roots of rice plants at the middle stage of growth transplanted into paddy fields can harbor pathogenic or deleterious fungi or Pythium sp(p). The effects of these microorganisms on rice growth in paddy fields are discussed.     

Control of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Verticillium dahliae</Emphasis> at a strawberry nursery by paddy-upland rotation

Effects of crop rotation between rice paddy fields and strawberry nurseries on the control of Verticillium wilt of strawberry were studied. For detecting Verticillium dahliae, the causal agent of Verticillium wilt, in soil, eggplant was used as an indicator plant. We were thus able to detect as low as 1 microsclerotium/g dry soil. In field surveys of Chiba and Hokkaido from 2000 to 2003, V. dahliae was detected in 9 of 10 upland fields but in none of 21 paddy-upland fields. In Hokkaido during 2000–2007, strawberry mother plants were planted, and plantlets were produced in upland and paddy-upland fields to assess V. dahliae infestation. Verticillium wilt of strawberry had never occurred in 72 tested paddy-upland fields, compared to 13.2–73.9% of plantlets infected with V. dahliae in upland fields. In a pot experiment in a greenhouse, two flooding treatments or two paddy rice cultivations suppressed Verticillium wilt symptoms on eggplant. In field experiments, one paddy rice cultivation in Chiba and two in Hokkaido prevented development of Verticillium wilt symptoms on eggplant. Verticillium wilt of strawberry was controlled completely with one paddy rice cultivation in infested fields in Chiba. In these field experiments, the number of microsclerotia of V. dahliae decreased under the flooding conditions for paddy rice cultivation. Based on the reduction in microsclerotia, a crop rotation system with paddy rice for 3 years (three times), green manure for 1 year, and strawberry nursery for 1 year was designed for Hokkaido.     

8%精噁唑甘草胺可分散油悬浮剂对直播水稻田禾本科杂草的防效及后茬作物的影响

为明确新型水直播稻田除草剂精噁唑甘草胺以及对照药剂对于直播稻田禾本科杂草的防除效果以及对于水稻及后茬作物的安全性, 于2019年在江西宜春市上高县水稻田进行了大田杂草防效试验以及后茬作物安全性研究。结果表明:8%精噁唑甘草胺OD对于直播水稻田的禾本科杂草具有良好的防除效果, 120 g/hm2 以及200 g/hm2 剂量处理对于禾本科杂草的防效均在88%以上。而且所有处理对于水稻均无药害产生, 实现增产, 并对后茬作物生长安全。综上所述, 新型直播稻田除草剂精噁唑甘草胺对直播水稻田禾本科杂草有良好防除效果, 可以在市场上推广应用。     

转cry1C,cry2A基因水稻对稻田浮游动物群落物种多样性的影响

转Bt基因水稻的非靶标效应一直以来都是人们关注的重点,为了解转Bt基因水稻对稻田浮游动物群落的安全性,本文以转cry1C基因水稻(T1C-19)、转cry2A基因水稻(T2A-1)及其非转基因亲本水稻明恢63(MH63)为材料,以浮游动物的种类和群落多样性为指标,研究并分析了转Bt基因水稻对稻田浮游动物群落物种多样性的影响。结果显示,水稻不同生长时期里稻田中浮游动物种类变化不明显,数量变化明显,Shannon-Wiener物种多样性指数和均匀性指数在拔节期达到最大值。另外由于孕穗期不得不施用农药防治蝗虫,导致孕穗期浮游动物的数量及物种多样性显著降低,并且在使用农药后,多样性指数和均匀性指数随着水稻的生长逐渐下降。但转Bt基因水稻对浮游动物种类和数量及群落物种多样性与对照非转基因水稻相比均无显著性差异。与施用农药对水体带来的负面影响相比,转Bt基因水稻对水体环境无负面影响。     

Competition between weeds and wet season transplanted paddy rice for nitrogen use, growth and yield in the central and northern regions of Laos

To quantify the effect of weeds on the nitrogen (N) use, growth and yield of wet season paddy rice in the central and northern regions of Laos, we surveyed the paddy fields in these regions in October 1999 and November 2000. We found 13 weed species in total, but there were few major weeds abundant at the survey sites. In the infertile soils under rainfed conditions, weed growth was poor. Rough rice yield, the number of panicles, the number of seeds per square meter, the above-ground biomass of paddy rice and the amount of N accumulated in the above-ground biomass of paddy rice (amount of N in rice) were suppressed by competition with weeds. However, harvest index (HI) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of paddy rice were not suppressed by competition with weeds. The amount of N in rice was suppressed by competition with weeds, the number of panicles decreased as the amount of N in rice decreased, and the number of seeds per square meter decreased as the number of panicles decreased. As a result, rough rice yield was suppressed by competition with weeds. The weeds competed with paddy rice for N uptake during the productive tillering stage. However, the ability of paddy rice to compete for N uptake with weeds was not reduced under rainfed lowland conditions. When the weeds were completely removed, the amount of N in rice increased. Rough rice yield may be increased by 10% under rainfed lowland conditions and by 17–19% under irrigated conditions.     

Residual effects of cultivation methods on weed seed banks and weeds in Cambodia

The effects of the planting method (transplanting vs. direct seeding), rice cultivar (Sen Pidao vs. Phka Rumduol), and herbicide application (admixture of bentazone and cyhalofop‐butyl) on weeds and weed seed banks were quantified in unflooded, shallowly flooded, and deeply flooded paddy fields in Cambodia in 2005 and 2006. Broad‐leaved weeds infested more toward maturity in 2006 than in 2005, particularly in directly seeded plots. Weed dry weights at pre‐heading and/or maturity were consistently reduced by herbicide application and Phka Rumduol cultivar, while weed numbers increased under unflooded condition. The proportion of sedges was consistently larger in directly seeded and non‐herbicide plots at pre‐heading. Larger numbers and dry weights of sedges and total weeds in 2005 caused larger seed bank sizes of sedges and total weeds in 2006, which further caused their infestation in 2006. A greater weed dry weight at 62 days after sowing in 2005 resulted in larger seed banks of Cyperus iria and Fimbristylis miliacea, which were most severe under non‐herbicide, direct‐seeded treatment, while that at rice maturity resulted in larger seed banks of Cyperus difformis, Scirpus juncoides, and Lindernia antipoda. Overall, sedges shared the majority of the total weed seed bank, followed by broad‐leaved weeds and then grasses. A lower yield in 2005 led to significantly larger seed bank sizes of sedges, but not of grasses or broad‐leaved weeds. Rice yield reduction was consistently related to larger numbers of sedges by heading and those of grasses at maturity.     

Impact of weedy rice populations on the growth and yield of direct-seeded and transplanted rice

To examine the impact of weedy rice ( Oryza sativa L. f. spontanea ) populations on the growth and yield of direct-seeded and transplanted rice ( Oryza sativa ), a field experiment with a random two-factor design that included cultivation methods (direct-seeding and transplanting) and the density of weedy rice (0, 5, 25, and 125 plants per m²) was conducted. The data from the experiment showed that weedy rice had a significantly poorer performance in the direct-seeded fields than in the transplanted fields in terms of its vegetative (plant height) and reproductive traits (panicle and seed production). In contrast, with the interference of weedy rice, cultivated rice showed an improved performance in the direct-seeded fields than in the transplanted fields, with a significantly higher tiller production and grain yield. The results suggest that cultivated rice can tolerate more successfully the infestation of weedy rice in direct-seeded fields because of its enhanced competitive ability compared to that in transplanted fields.     

Ecophysiological study on weed seed banks and weeds in Cambodian paddy fields with contrasting water availability

Weed infestations are a major cause of yield reduction in rice (Oryza sativa) cultivation, particularly with direct‐seeding methods, but the relationship between weed dynamics and water availability in Cambodian paddy fields has not been documented previously. We surveyed the weed abundance and weed seed banks in the soil of paddy fields with inferred differences in their water regime in 22 farm fields in three provinces of Cambodia in the 2005 and 2006 rainy seasons. We studied rain‐fed lowland fields in upslope and downslope topographic positions and fields at different distances from the irrigation water source inside an irrigation rehabilitation area. The weed seed banks were estimated by seedling emergence in small containers and weed abundance and vigor were estimated by a simple scoring system. The estimated weed seed bank in the top 5 cm of soil ranged from 52.1 to 167 × 10³ seeds m^?2 (overall mean of 8.5 × 10³ seeds m^?2) and contained a high proportion (86%) of sedge species, such as Fimbristylis miliacea L. and Cyperus difformis. Several fields had particularly large seed banks, including one near the reservoir. No clear difference was found in the weed seed banks between the irrigated fields that were located close to (upstream) and distant from (downstream) the water source or between the irrigated and rain‐fed lowland fields, but the weed scores were larger in the rain‐fed fields and the downstream fields within the irrigated area. A water shortage during the late growing season in 2005 led to a proliferation of weeds in some fields and an associated increase in weed seedbank size in 2006. However, the weed scores in 2006 were more strongly associated with that year's water conditions than with the weed seedbank size.     

应用多元逐步回归分析法评价稻田生态系统稳定性

为明确稻田生态系统稳定性量化评价指标,通过扫网法调查了2010年和2011年江西省万载县茭湖乡茭湖村有机稻田和化防稻田2种稻田节肢动物群落结构特征参数的动态变化,并利用SAS 9.0软件对2种稻田中节肢动物群落Shannon-Wiener多样性指数与个体数、物种数、优势集中性指数、物种丰富度指数、Pielou均匀度指数进行多元逐步回归分析。结果显示:连续2年有机稻田物种数(102、145)和个体数(5 228、5 811)均高于化防稻田物种数(78、102)和个体数(2 222、2 329);在2010年水稻生长期,除个别调查日期外,有机稻田优势集中性指数(0.25、0.27、0.15、0.10、0.11、0.09)整体低于化防稻田(0.30、0.40、0.18、0.17、0.24、0.14),多样性指数(1.69、2.44、2.83、2.93、2.85)整体高于化防稻田(1.39、2.24、2.35、2.29、2.49);在2011年水稻生长前、中期,有机稻田优势集中性指数(0.38、0.33、0.27、0.63、0.40)大于化防稻田(0.27、0.32、0.17、0.58、0.20);水稻抽穗扬花期,有机稻田优势集中性指数(0.06、0.04、0.05)低于化防稻田(0.12、0.05、0.12),多样性指数恰好相反。2011—2012连续2年2种类型稻田多元逐步回归方程中仅有Pielou均匀度指数与多样性指数呈显著正相关关系,有机稻田的Pielou均匀度指数回归系数(1.45、2.37)均小于化防稻田(3.37、3.16);有机稻田的常数(1.24、-0.37)均大于化防稻田(-0.64、-0.44)。表明以稻田节肢动物群落多样性指数为因变量的多元逐步回归方程中常数和Pielou均匀度指数回归系数可作为稻田生态系统稳定性测定指标。     

Weeding techniques in transplanted and direct wet-seeded rice in Pakistan

Field studies were undertaken to explore the weed management strategies for transplanted and direct wet-seeded rice in the Dera Ismail Khan district of North-west Frontier Province, Pakistan. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with a split plot arrangement. The main plots consisted of two planting techniques (transplantation and direct seeding), while weed control practises assigned to the subplots included the use of the granular herbicide Sunstar 15WG (ethoxy sulfuron), Machete 60EC (butachlor), conventional hand weeding, and the weedy check (untreated control). Data were recorded on weed dynamics and the agronomic parameters of the rice crop. Economic analyses on the data were also run. The weed density and biomass were lower in the transplantation plots than the direct-seeding plots. The herbicides ethoxy sulfuron and butachlor reduced the density over the weedy check, with a density comparable to hand weeding in 2002, but slightly higher in 2003. As a result of weed management by hand weeding and herbicides, the paddy yield and its components were significantly higher for the transplanted method compared to the direct-seeded method. The comparable yield of herbicides with hand weeding offers an option for the use of herbicides as an alternative management tool. In light of our findings, it is concluded that for good economic returns, rice crops may be transplanted rather than direct-seeded. The herbicides ethoxy sulfuron and butachlor offer a weed control cover comparable with hand weeding under the transplantation method, while butachlor is good for controlling weeds even under the direct-seeded conditions in the agroclimatic conditions of the area.     

转Cry1Ab/Ac基因水稻对稻田底栖动物群落的生态安全性

为探究转Bt基因抗虫水稻对稻田水生生物的安全性,以转Cry1Ab/Ac基因抗虫水稻华恢1号(HH1)为材料,其非转基因水稻亲本明恢63(MH63)为对照,以底栖动物群落为指示生物,运用群落学方法研究了湖南湘潭转Bt水稻对稻田底栖动物群落的影响。结果显示,2012年在HH1与MH63稻田中,分别采集到底栖动物37种和38种,二者共有物种31种,群落物种相似度为0.8267,优势种相似度为0.8235;2013年在HH1与MH63稻田中分别采集到底栖动物40种和41种,二者共有物种33种,群落物种相似度为0.8148,优势种相似度为0.9231;2012与2013年在HH1与MH63稻田生境中,物种丰富度、个体数量、群落多样性指数、均匀性指数与优势集中性指数的时间动态趋势一致,且均无显著差异。研究表明,连续2年稻田种植转Cry1Ab/Ac基因抗虫水稻HH1,在群落水平上对湖南湘潭地区稻田底栖动物无显著影响。