Epidermal growth factors enhances viral transformation of granulosa cells

Kirsten sarcoma virus produced a low incidence of transient morphological transformation in primary cultures of rat ovarian granulosa cells. In the presence of epidermal growth factor, the incidence of transient transformation increased severalfold and two continuous cell lines were established. Epidermal growth factor, a naturally occurring polypeptide hormone, appears to act here as a tumor promoter in the retrovirus-induced transformation of a mesodermally derived epithelium.     

猪生长激素启动子的克隆及功能分析(英文)

[目的]克隆猪生长激素启动子,确定其启动子核心序列和主要的顺式作用元件。[方法]根据NCBI上公布的序列设计引物,PCR扩增了猪生长激素5’端-1821~+61bp的序列,并通过移步缺失的方法,获得9段长短不一的启动子序列,将其分别构建到双荧光素酶表达载体pGL3-basic上。通过重组质粒瞬时转染大鼠垂体瘤细胞(GH3)、猪髋动脉血管内皮细胞(PIEC)和猪肾细胞(PK15)和转染后细胞荧光素酶活性的测定,检测这些5’末端缺失质粒在垂体及非垂体细胞中的相对转录活性。[结果]成功扩增了猪GH基因5’上游启动区1882bp的片段并构建了9个pGL3-mGHpromoter报告基因载体;双荧光素酶报告基因检测系统证实插入报告基因载体中的启动子具有非常强的细胞特异性。[结论]猪生长激素特异性在垂体细胞中表达,其最小启动子位于-110bp以内,启动子区-218~-110bp和-429~-218bp间存在正向调控元件。     

猪生长激素启动子的克隆及功能分析

[目的]克隆猪生长激素启动子,确定其启动子核心序列和主要的顺式作用元件。[方法]根据NCBI上公布的序列设计引物,PCR扩增了猪生长激素5’端-1 821～+61 bp的序列,并通过移步缺失的方法,获得9段长短不一的启动子序列,将其分别构建到双荧光素酶表达载体pGL3-basic上。通过重组质粒瞬时转染大鼠垂体瘤细胞(GH3)、猪髋动脉血管内皮细胞(PIEC)和猪肾细胞(PK15)和转染后细胞荧光素酶活性的测定,检测这些5’末端缺失质粒在垂体及非垂体细胞中的相对转录活性。[结果]成功扩增了猪GH基因5’上游启动区1 882 bp的片段,并构建了9个pGL3-mGH promoter报告基因载体;双荧光素酶报告基因检测系统证实插入报告基因载体中的启动子具有非常强的细胞特异性。[结论]猪生长激素特异性在垂体细胞中表达,其最小启动子位于-110 bp以内,启动子区-218～-110 bp和-429～-218 bp间存在正向调控元件。     

Growth factors modulate gonadotropin receptor induction in granulosa cell cultures

Epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor inhibited follicle-stimulating hormone-dependent induction of luteinizing hormone receptor in cultured ovarian granulosa cells of the rat. In contrast, platelet-derived growth factor potentiated the induction of luteinizing hormone receptor by follicle-stimulating hormone. These results indicate that growth factors, well known for their effects on mitosis and DNA synthesis in cultured mammalian cells, are also able to modulate hormone-dependent differentiation in an endocrine target cell.     

Infectious and selectable retrovirus containing an inducible rat growth hormone minigene

A growth hormone minigene carrying its natural promoter (237 nucleotides of chromosomal DNA) was stably propagated in a murine retrovirus containing hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase as a selectable marker. Glucocorticoid and thyroid hormone inducibility was transferred with the growth hormone gene. Recombinant virus with titers of 10(6) per milliliter was recovered. This demonstration that retroviruses can be used to transfer a nonselectable gene under its own regulatory control enlarges the scope of retroviral vectors as potent tools for gene transfer.     

白桦BpGT14基因启动子克隆及表达活性分析

本文利用SiteFinding-PCR方法克隆了白桦BpGT14基因起始密码子ATG上游2 169 bp序列,并通过PLACE启动子预测工具对其进行元件分析。结果表明,该启动子片段含有启动子核心元件及多种逆境及激素响应元件,同时具有植物苯丙烷及木质素生物合成的MYB类转录因子的重要结合基序。研究选取了其中含有启动子核心元件的1 156 bp片段构建了pBpGT14∷GUS植物表达载体,利用农杆菌侵染的方法将pBpGT14∷GUS报告基因瞬时转化烟草植株,鉴定该启动子在烟草中的表达活性及对非生物胁迫和激素的响应模式。对转基因烟草植株进行GUS染色,结果表明该启动子具有启动活性,且在茎段处活性较高;进一步分析非生物胁迫对烟草中GUS酶活性的影响,表明该启动子对ABA、NaCl、PEG及高温处理均有明显响应,且对于NaCl及PEG处理响应迅速。为了更好的鉴定白桦BpGT14基因启动子在白桦细胞中的启动活性及响应模式,本文构建了pBpGT14∷GFP载体并瞬时转化白桦茎段悬浮细胞,进行研究。GFP转录水平分析结果与GUS酶活性结果基本一致,但其中部分时间点仍存在差异。选取PEG处理3、6、12及24 h的转GFP基因白桦茎段悬浮细胞,在显微镜下观察其绿色荧光蛋白,以此揭示该启动子对干旱的响应模式。结果表明,该启动子在白桦茎段悬浮细胞中启动了GFP的表达,在处理初期(3 h),荧光效果明显;随着处理时间的增加,细胞脱水明显,且在细胞壁表现高亮度荧光。      

一个逆境诱导表达的水稻锌指蛋白基因的分离和鉴定

为鉴定逆境应答相关转录因子,以1个水稻EST为基础,通过RT-PCR分离到了1个编码锌指蛋白的转录因子新基因的全长cDNA,命名为OsZF19。该基因编码171个氨基酸,包含zf-AN1和zf-A20两个锌指结构域,预测的该基因启动子区含有逆境应答顺式元件。Northern杂交分析表明,OsZF19的确受到高盐和植物激素ABA胁迫的诱导,而在干旱胁迫早期显著地诱导表达,胁迫后期OsZF19的表达量轻微下降。试验结果表明,OsZF19可能在水稻对干旱和高盐逆境的应答反应中发挥作用。     

Thyroid hormone induction of an autocrine growth factor secreted by pituitary tumor cells

Thyroid hormones stimulate the rate of cell division by poorly understood mechanisms. The possibility that thyroid hormones increase cell growth by stimulating secretion of a growth factor was investigated. Thyroid hormones are nearly an absolute requirement for the division of GH4C1 rat pituitary tumor cells plated at low density. Conditioned media from cells grown with or without L-triiodothyronine (T3) were treated with an ion exchange resin to remove T3 and were tested for ability to stimulate the division of GH4C1 cells. Conditioned medium from T3-treated cells was as active as thyroid hormone at promoting GH4C1 cell growth but did not elicit other thyroid hormone responses, induction of growth hormone, and down-regulation of thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptors, as effectively as T3 did. A substance or substances associated with T3-induced growth stimulatory activity migrated at high molecular weight at neutral pH and was different from known growth-promoting hormones induced by T3. The results demonstrate that thyroid hormones stimulate the division of GH4C1 pituitary cells by stimulating the secretion of an autocrine growth factor.     

转卵泡抑制素基因对绵羊肌源性细胞中 肌肉抑制素基因的调控

【目的】构建骨骼肌特异表达目的基因卵泡抑制素（follistatin,FST）的真核表达载体pCFCDs-red和 pSPFCDs-red,分别转染到不同细胞系中,检测FST及下游基因在RNA和蛋白水平的表达情况,同时测定骨骼肌特异启动子SP和α-actin的启动效率,以研究FST的特异表达对肌肉发育的影响。【方法】利用脂质体分别将真核表达载体pCFCDs-red和pSPFCDs-red转染到绵羊胎儿成纤维细胞（SFFCs）、骨骼肌卫星细胞（SMSCs）和SMSCs诱导肌管中,获得转基因细胞;对获得细胞的生长状况、细胞周期、细胞形态大小以及目的基因和下游基因的表达情况,分别用流式细胞仪、实时定量PCR和western blotting等方法进行检测分析。【结果】①转基因细胞系的生长趋势与非转基因细胞相似,转基因SMSCs细胞增殖的速度高于转基因SFFCs细胞;②流式细胞仪分析表明,转基因细胞系转染后70%以上细胞均处于G0/G1期,保持旺盛的分裂能力、具有单一峰值、细胞的整倍性好、细胞电子体积显著增大;③实时定量PCR及western blotting检测结果表明,转基因细胞系中FST的RNA及蛋白水平相比非转基因细胞系均上调;④转基因SMSCs和肌管相比转基因SFFCs细胞的FST表达量高,转pSPFCDs-red转基因细胞中FST的表达水平比转pCFCDs-red细胞系高。【结论】骨骼肌特异性启动子SP及α-actin能够在SMSCs及肌管中有效启动FST目的基因的表达,且在肌管中具有较高的表达量,SP启动子的启动效率较高于α-actin。在肌源性细胞中,FST的上调可以引起MSTN蛋白水平的下调,FST对骨骼肌细胞的生长发育具有一定促进作用。     

洋葱ANS基因启动子的克隆与瞬时表达分析

通过PCR方法对洋葱花青素合成酶基因(AcANS)上游启动子序列进行扩增,获得长度为1.8 kb和2.2 kb的两种片段,命名为ANSPM1和ANSPM2。序列分析表明,克隆到的两个启动子除含有多个TATA-box、CAAT-box等基本启动子元件,还含有与MYB转录因子结合的元件,以及参与光响应、逆境、激素应答的顺式作用元件。同时构建ANSPM1和ANSPM2驱动GUS报告基因的植物表达载体,通过洋葱表皮细胞瞬时表达分析,表明两个启动子均有活性。     

木薯细胞壁酸性转化酶MeCWINCV5基因启动子的克隆和序列分析

[目的]了解MeCWINCV5在植物生长发育、激素调节和逆境胁迫应答中的功能.[方法]采用PCR方法从木薯基因组中分离MeCWINCV5基因启动子序列,考察MeCWINCV5对植物生长发育、激素调节和逆境胁迫应答的影响.[结果]分析显示启动子的长度为1170bp,合有TATA box和CAAT box等多个典型的真核生物启动子基本元件元件,还存在大量逆境胁迫诱导相关的顺式调控元件,如HSE、MBS、SARE、GARE-motif和TATC-box等多个与植物逆境胁迫相关的元件.[结论]MeCWINCV5基因启动子与逆境胁迫有关,在木薯抵御逆境胁迫的生理过程中具有重要作用.     

Effect of N-methyl-aspartate and Betaine on Growth Performance and Correlation Between Growth Hormone, Growth Performance and Carcass Composition in Finishing Pigs

［1］Etherton T D. Anabolic effects of porcine somatotropin on pig growth in: Designing foods: Animal product options in the marketplace. National Academy Press, Washington, DC. 1988:194 - 202. ［2］XU Z R, et al. Effect of betaine on carcass characteristics and approach to mechanism of the effect in finishing swine. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 1998, 29(5) :397 - 405. (in Chinese) ［3］Knight C D, et al. The performance and carcass composition responses of finishing swine to a range of porcine somatotropin doses in a l-week delivery system. J. Anim. Sci. 1991, 69:4678 - 4689. ［4］Zhou S W, et al. Effect of the recombinant porcine somatotropin on weight gain and carcass composition in swine. Journal of Beijing Agricultural University, 1993, 19: 93 97. (in Chinese) ［5］Danghaday W H. Double effect of growth hormone. Nature,1972..235 - 237. ［6］Estienne M J, et al. N-methyl-D, L-aspartate induced growth bermine secretion in barrows: possible mechanisms of action. J.Anim. Sci. 1996, 74:597- 602. ［7］Barb C R, et al. Aspartate and glutamate modulation of growth bormone secretion in the pig: Possible site of action. Domest.Anim. Endocrinols. 1996, 13:81 - 90. ［8］Lindstrom P, et al. Effect of N-methyl-D, L-aspartate on isotated rat somatotrophs. Endocrinology, 1992, 131: 1903 -1907.     

Comparison of biological properties and transforming potential of human PDGF-A and PDGF-B chains

Human platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) consists of two distinct but related polypeptide chains designated PDGF-A and PDGF-B. The gene encoding PDGF-B has given rise to the v-sis oncogene. In the present study the transforming activities of PDGF-A and PDGF-B genes are compared. The PDGF-A chain gene is markedly less efficient in inducing transformation than the PDGF-B gene under the influence of the same promoter. There are significant differences in the secretory and growth stimulating properties of the two chains. These properties appear to account for the much more potent transforming ability of the PDGF-B gene. These findings provide insights into biologic properties of a growth factor responsible for potent autocrine stimulation of abnormal cell proliferation.     

全鱼基因的构建

利用ＰＣＲ方法删除大麻哈鱼生长激素基因的启动序列，并基因重组构建出全鱼基因；为转基因鱼研究提供了全鱼基因元件。     

马铃薯StUOXs基因家族的生物信息学分析

马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum)是世界第三大粮食作物,其产量和品质受到生物与非生物胁迫的影响。泛醌氧化酶(ubiquinol oxidase,UOX)是一种由核基因编码的线粒体末端氧化酶,在植物生长发育及胁迫应答中发挥重要作用。为了解StUOXs在马铃薯抗病过程中发挥的应答反应,利用生物信息学方法在马铃薯基因组中鉴定出5个StUOXs基因,对其理化性质、染色体定位、三级结构、进化关系、保守结构域、启动子元件和表达谱尤其是受青枯菌(Ralstonia solanacearum)诱导的表达模式进行了分析。结果表明:马铃薯StUOXs基因编码的氨基酸数在279~366,相对分子质量为31~42 ku,亚细胞定位在线粒体中;系统进化分析发现,马铃薯StUOXs成员与番茄、辣椒的UOXs成员的亲缘关系最近,较之拟南芥、烟草亲缘关系稍远;FPKM数据分析发现,StUOXs主要受盐、激素和生物胁迫诱导而在叶片中表达,这与其启动子中的存在的激素应答等顺式作用元件相对应。青枯菌接种后的qRT-PCR实验表明,StUOX4参与马铃薯青枯病的早期应答反应。