植物生长调节剂对紫果西番莲离体培养的影响

以紫果西番莲的茎段为外植体，以1／2MS为基础培养基，添加ZEA2－3mg/l，外植体萌芽率高达100％。不定芽在1／2MS培养基中，附加B A1.0 NAA0.1mg/l，其增殖系数最高。芽苗不定根的诱导培养基1／2MS＋IBA1.5-2.3mg/l，其生根率较高，当IBA为2.5mg/l时芽苗生根率达100％。     

钙对柠檬试管苗生长和一些与抗寒性相关指标的影响

不同处理培养柠檬试管苗,高钙培养基能促进试管苗的生长,抑制顶端自枯现象;而EGTA、TFP处理的试管苗,生长受到明显抑制,顶端自枯现象严重,但TFP处理的试管苗能促进根的生长。随着胁迫温度降低,不同处理的试管苗蛋白质含量变化趋势不同,SOD、POD活性都呈先升后降的趋势;随低温胁迫时间延长,可溶性蛋白质含量、SOD、POD活性都呈先升后降的趋势,MDA含量逐渐增加。低温胁迫下,高钙试管苗的蛋白质含量、SOD活性都明显高于其他处理、而MDA含量低于其他处理。结果表明,钙能提高低温胁迫下柠檬试管苗的可溶性蛋白质的含量,增强SOD的活性,降低MDA的含量,从而提高其抗寒性。     

烯效唑对罗汉果试管苗生长的影响

将罗汉果试管苗接种于添加不同浓度烯效唑(S-3307)的改良MS培养基中，结果表明：合适浓度(0．01～0．1mg／L)的S-3307能有效延缓罗汉果试管苗的伸长，使苗矮化增粗；同时促进不定根发生，根系发达，苗健壮。但高浓度的S-3307使苗的生长受到过度抑制，植株过于矮化，表现不正常。     

不同栽培基质对温室茭白幼苗生长及光合特性的影响

为筛选出以椰糠为基础并适合茭白幼苗的栽培基质,以茭白浙茭2号为试材,以普通土壤、粗粒椰糠、细粒椰糠、珍珠岩为基质原料,按照不同体积配比设置5种栽培基质:普通土壤(CK)、粗粒椰糠(T1)、V粗粒椰糠:V珍珠岩=3:1(T2)、细粒椰糠(T3)、V细粒椰糠:V珍珠岩=3:1(T4),探究不同栽培基质对茭白幼苗生长及光合特...     

水分胁迫对荔枝幼树根系与梢生长的影响

以盆栽沙培1年生荔枝空中压条苗为试材,研究了水分胁迫对荔枝幼树根系和梢生长的影响以及二者的相互关系。3个处理为:沙体积含水量为7.5%(严重缺水),15.0%(一般缺水),22.5%(充分供水)。结果表明:水分胁迫严重抑制荔枝幼树地上部分和各级侧根的生长,使地上部枝梢生长严重受阻,叶片数量、平均叶面积、叶片厚度均显著变小;根总干重、侧根长度、根表面积显著减少。水分胁迫下促进须根的生长,须根的长度、根表面积比水分充足时显著增加。水分胁迫时叶片淀粉含量下降,而根系积累更多的淀粉。比较不同处理的根梢比发现,干旱对根系生长的抑制作用比枝梢更显著。     

Restoration of rooting competence in a mature plant of Garcinia indica through serial shoot tip grafting in vitro

Apical and axillary buds from a high yielding, early fruiting elite tree (more than 20 years old) were cultured in woody plant medium (WPM) supplemented with 0.9 μM N⁶-benzyl adenine (BA). Multiple shoots were obtained on WPM basal medium containing 8.9 μM BA and 0.5 μM thidiazuron (TDZ). Elongation of axillary shoots was obtained in half-strength WPM medium supplemented with 0.4 μM BA. For root initiation, the elongated shoots were transferred to half strength WPM basal medium containing 2.5–245 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or 2.7–268.5 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or the shoots were subjected to 2.5–53.9 mM IBA, 2.7–59.1 mM NAA dip for (30 s–30 min) and then transferred to half strength WPM basal medium. However, rooting was never achieved even after 2 months of culture.     

Light quality regulates shoot cluster growth and development of MM106 apple genotype in in vitro culture

The interaction between shoot proliferation and regulative action of light quality was investigated in terms of cluster growth and development. In the commercial laboratory, the shoot multiplication procedure is normally conducted by growing clusters of shoots during several sub-cultures. Thus in this work the regulative action of light quality was evaluated by analysing the shoot cluster proliferation rate, the evolution of axillary bud differentiation, the axillary shoot development on both initial explant stem (order 1 axis) and three representative lateral branches (order 2 axes), growing from the lateral buds located at the bottom of the initial explant. Experiments showed that light qualities regulate bud differentiation and interact with apical dominance, leading to strong control of axillary bud outgrowth, and, finally, resulting in a differentiated architectural formation of clusters and type of branching.     

Influence of seed position within the fruit on seedling quality and in vitro shoot tip production of jackfruit

This study reports on the influence of seed position within the fruit and shoot development on the production of jackfruit in vitro. Seeds were extracted from the different sections in the fruit and shoot tips excised from the resultant seedlings. The tips were cultured in vitro on media supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) or thidiazuron (TDZ). The seeds from the middle and basal sections of the fruit were larger and produced larger seedlings than those from the top. Seeds from the basal position took 10 days to germinate and produced seedlings 11 cm tall with four or five leaves. Partially covered and fully open shoots from 6–8 week-old seedlings performed best. The highest frequency of shoot induction (100%) and multiple shoot production (7.31 ± 1.2) with a mean length of 3.6 ± 0.13 cm was observed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with 3.0 mg/L BAP. Driver and Kuniyuki (DKW), and MS media were equally effective in shoot multiplication. More than 80% of the rooted plants survived culture, indicating that this technology could be used to conserve wild germplasm.     

树莓茎尖玻璃化法超低温保存及植株恢复培养研究

对离体树莓茎尖的玻璃化法超低温保存进行了研究。结果表明,离体树莓茎尖超低温保存程序为在含0.8mol/L蔗糖的固体MS培养基预培养4天,低温驯化21天,再经玻璃化液PVS2处理60分钟后浸入液态氮。保存结束,茎尖在40℃水浴5分钟解冻,存活率达80%,植株再生率达75%。     

西瓜砧木专用型育苗基质配方研究

本试验以腐熟中药渣、泥炭、蛭石、珍珠岩为原料,按照不同比例复配成5种育苗基质,选取进口泥炭作为对照(CK),研究不同配比的育苗基质对西瓜砧木(葫芦)苗期生长的影响.结果表明:基质A培育的葫芦幼苗在株高、茎粗、叶柄长以及鲜重上均显著优于其他配比的育苗基质,育苗效果显著提高,可推荐作为西瓜砧木(葫芦)育苗的专用型育苗基质.     

不同基质配比对芹菜幼苗生长发育的影响

本试验就芹菜无土育苗中基质因子对幼苗生长的影响进行了研究,在泥炭∶蛭石=2∶1;泥炭∶炉渣∶蛭石=1∶1∶1;泥炭∶沙=1∶1;泥炭∶蛭石∶珍珠岩=1∶1∶1四种育苗基质中,进行育苗种植。试验结果表明,以泥炭+蛭石基质结合营养液的芹菜苗质量最好。即茎粗、叶面积、全株干物重和壮苗指数均等于或接近各测量项目中的最大值,幼苗综合质量最佳。     

The effect of nitrogen,volume of media,plant density and module shape on the growth of asparagus seedlings

There were three experiments in which the seedlings were raised in media contained in plastic cells. In Experiment 1, 150 or 200 mg l^?1 N were applied in factorial combination with cell volumes of 20, 32 or 50 cm³, There were 6 successional harvests. All cells were 7.5 cm deep and cylindrical in shape. Experiment 2 compared these 3 cell volumes at densities of 983, 1532 or 2440 plants per m². Cell diameters restricted the 50-cm³ cell to the 983, and the 32-cm³ cell to the 983 and 1532 plants per m² densities. 200 mg l^?1 N increased shoot growth, but not root growth. This increase in shoot growth was not considered advantageous. Seedling growth increased with increases in cell volume, but there were no responses to changes in plant density. Experiment 3 compared a cell having an inverted pyramid shape with a cylinder. The cylinder, despite holding 20% less media, produced the larger seedlings.     

不同穴盘营养土配置对西瓜幼苗生长的影响

为了研究集约化育苗模式以及适合北京地区西瓜栽培的育苗设备,针对不同穴盘营养土配置对西瓜幼苗品质的影响展开比较试验,为当地西瓜生产提供理论和技术支撑。结果表明,处理4(土∶基质=3∶1)和处理3(土∶农家肥=3∶2)表现较为突出。处理4在果实品质和植株高度、茎粗度和叶面积等缓苗方面表现好;中心和边缘可溶性固形物含量梯度最小,分别为12.47%和9.87%,且果皮最薄,口感更好,可食用部分更多。处理3在果实单瓜质量、折合667 m~2产量和根冠比方面表现好;单瓜质量和折合667 m~2产量分别为1.83、4 360.89 kg。因此,综合分析处理4和处理3表现较好,值得推广使用。     

植物激素对‘赤霞珠’葡萄试管苗生长的影响

以‘赤霞珠’葡萄幼嫩茎段为试材,对其外植体消毒时间以及影响其试管苗生长的植物激素组合进行研究.结果表明:对茎段用0.1%升汞消毒时,最佳消毒时间为4 min;IAA与6-BA组合对试管苗的增殖作用强于NAA、IBA分别与6-BA组合;细胞分裂素诱导增殖作用ZT>6-BA>KT,最佳增殖培养基为ZT 0.4 mg/L+IAA 0.04 mg/L.此培养基下,外植体成苗率为90%,试管苗生长健壮.     

The effect of rootstock shoot growth on the level of bud-grafting success in apple

Poor stands of ‘Queen Cox’ apple bud-grafted in summer onto M.9 rootstock were shown to be due to the scion bud not growing, or growing too late to produce a worthwhile ‘maiden’ tree, despite virtually all scion graft-chips forming unions with the rootstock. This problem was caused by raising the budding height to 30 cm above ground, as a method of increasing the height of lateral branches. The key element in higher budding which depressed subsequent scion bud growth was the complete removal of all rootstock shoots to a height of 35 cm to give a traditional ‘clean leg’ during the budding year. Removing rootstock shoots only at the budding position gave good stands of high quality trees. This appears to be a general effect, with the benefits of retaining rootstock shoots applying also to Malus tschonoskii when budded at 30 cm on M.9 rootstock. For both ‘Queen Cox’ and M. tschonoskii, failure of scion buds to grow vigorously often resulted in the development of ‘papery bark canker’ on the M.9 rootstock. The main benefit of root- stock shoots retained in the budding year was to ensure that scion buds grew early in the following ‘maiden’ year, whereas allowing these and new rootstock shoots to remain for the first two months of ‘maiden’ growth reduced the number of secondary scion buds which developed, and raised the height of laterals by delaying their emergence.     

不同浓度可杀得叁仟对西瓜幼苗生长发育的影响

为了明确可杀得叁仟在西瓜幼苗上的适宜施用剂量,以西瓜幼苗为试材,采用不同浓度的可杀得叁仟喷施西瓜幼苗,观察西瓜幼苗生长发育的变化。结果表明,与清水对照相比,喷施稀释1 000倍可杀得叁仟的西瓜幼苗株高、茎粗、叶面积、地上鲜质量、地上干质量分别提高了9.63%、28.64%、83.15%、29.33%、32.57%;根长、根鲜质量、根干质量、根呼吸速率分别比对照提高10.78%、10.38%、15.24%、15.60%。适宜浓度的可杀得叁仟能显著促进西瓜幼苗的生长,其中以可杀得叁仟(46%氢氧化铜水分散颗粒)稀释1 000倍(浓度为4.7 mmo·L^-1)处理效果最佳。     

不同扦插基质对番茄成苗的影响

通过7种无机基质扦插番茄试验,结果表明不同基质对番茄成苗的影响非常显著,其中以珍珠岩 蛭石处理效果最好,其次是珍珠岩 蛭石 砂石,最差的是砂石.试验证实轻基质扦插明显优越于传统的砂石扦插,多种基质配合使用效果更佳.番茄轻基质扦插育苗可以在生产上推广使用.     

Influence of growth regulators and light on in vitro shoot regeneration in M.26 apple roostock

Summary

The effects of different BA and IBA concentrations and dark/light combinations, applied during both the last proliferating subculture (LPS) and the regeneration phase (RP), on shoot regeneration from leaves were evaluated in M.26 apple rootstock. A positive influence on caulogenesis was found with a low cytokinin/auxin ratio in the medium during the LPS. The increase in IBA concentration from 0.49 μM to 4.92 μM in the LPS, along with the absence or the use of a low cytokinin concentration (0.89 μM) in the medium, enhanced the subsequent shoot regeneration from leaves. During the RP, a concentration of 22.2 μM BA gave the best caulogenesis results. During both the LPS and the RP, high IBA concentrations were able to replace the combined effect of a low IBA concentration and dark treatment; this could indicate that dark treatments interact with the auxin metabolism in the leaf caulogenesis response. Auxin application could not reproduce all the effects of dark treatments, suggesting that dark also affects other biochemical and/or physiological aspects, such as gibberellin metabolism. Moreover, cytokinins applied during both the LPS and the RP influenced the size of regenerated shoots.     

Direct shoot organogenesis on hypocotyl explants from in vitro germinated seedlings of Psidium guajava L. cv. Allahabad Safeda

Multiple shoots were generated via direct organogenesis on hypocotyl segments excised from in vitro germinated seedlings (45-day-old) of Psidium guajava L. cv. Allahabad Safeda. Modified basal Murashige and Skoog (MMS) medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), zeatin or thidiazuron with or without α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) were tried. Thidiazuron (0.1 μM) along with 0.54 μM NAA gave the highest response (44.6%) with the regeneration of 3.6 shoots per original explants. These shoots upon subculture gave rise to about 5.0 shootlets per explant in shoot proliferation medium, i.e. MMS supplemented with 2.22 μM BAP + 2.32 μM kinetin. The regenerated microshoots were elongated using a quick dip of gibberellic acid (GA₃; 1.44 mM) prior to culture on MMS medium supplemented with 0.88 μM BAP and adenine sulphate (54.29 μM) for 2 weeks. Rooting of microshoots was achieved best on half strength MMS medium supplemented with 4.90 μM indole-3-butyric acid along with 100 mg l⁻¹ activated charcoal.