禽网状内皮组织增殖病的实验室诊断

经剖检观察到病鸡脏器上的肿瘤结节,病理组织学检查到心、肝、脾、肺、肾、肠等组织中有大量网状细胞增生。免疫组织化学检测到病变组织中有REV抗原。因此,将组织学病理变化和检测禽网状内皮组织增殖病病毒相结合可以作为实验室快速、准确诊断禽网状内皮组织增殖病的方法。     

Cholangiohepatitis in a dog.

Cholangiohepatitis was diagnosed in a dog with a 4-day history of anorexia, vomiting, fever, and icterus. Additional findings included signs of depression, dehydration, hepatosplenomegaly, and abdominal discomfort. Exploratory laparotomy was performed, and specimens of liver, spleen, and bile were obtained. Histologic evaluation of liver and spleen revealed acute, suppurative cholangio-hepatitis and splenitis, respectively. Cultures of liver and bile yielded Klebsiella sp. The dog responded to rehydration and intravenous administration of chloramphenicol. Although uncommon, cholangiohepatitis should be suspected in dogs with anorexia, fever, vomiting, icterus, and signs of abdominal discomfort. Definitive diagnosis requires bacterial cultures of liver and bile. Administration of an appropriate antibiotic should resolve clinical signs.     

Phycomycosis in a dog.

Chronic vomiting in a 2-year-old dog was suspected to be due to a neoplasm of the stomach wall. During exploratory laparotomy, a lymph node from the pyloric area was examined microscopically. Inasmuch as neoplastic cells or evidence of metastasis were not found, all visibly involved tissue was removed surgically. A diagnosis of phycomycosis was then established by histologic evaluation of the tissue removed. It was concluded that diagnosis of this disease is important inasmuch as it may be treated successfully, in contrast to the situation with malignant neoplastic conditions, which it grossly resembles.     

Primary hyperparathyroidism in a dog.

A 6-year-old male Standard Poodle had hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and a urinary concentrating defect. A parathyroid adenoma involving the left caudal parathyroid gland was surgically removed. Transient hypocalcemia followed, which resolved without treatment. A renal biopsy did not demonstrate renal parenchymal mineral deposition. Urinary concentrating ability returned after surgery.     

Aortic interruption in a dog.

A 3-month-old English Bulldog was found to have a discontinuity between the ascending and descending aorta. There were no signs of illness associated with the interruption. The descending aorta was supplied with blood by collateral circulation. An aortic graft of woven synthetic material was surgically implanted to connect the ascending and descending aorta. Without any restrictions on the dog's activity, the dog has lived for over 1 year and continues to do well.     

Acquired syringomyelia in a dog.

Acquired syringomyelia was diagnosed in an 11-year-old Fox Terrier with progressive paresis in the left pelvic limb. Myelography and magnetic resonance imaging confirmed an intramedullary lesion involving the left dorsolateral portion of the spinal cord at the level of L-2 and L-3 vertebrae. Clinical signs improved after surgical syringotomy. Microscopic evaluation of a biopsy specimen from the cyst wall did not establish a definitive histologic diagnosis. The cyst was decreased in size on magnetic resonance imaging 7 months later.     

Uterine angiolipoleiomyoma in a dog.

An 11-year-old crossbred Pomeranian bitch displayed a large intramural, well-delineated uterine mass in one horn, near the junction with the uterine body. The mass was composed largely of mature adipose tissue, smooth muscle cells singly and in small clusters, anomalous medium-size and large arteries, and multifocal islands of cartilaginous and osseous tissues. Smooth muscle cells stained positively for desmin, and adipocytes and chondrocytes were positive for S-100 protein. This tumor has histologic and immunohistochemical features compatible with human uterine angiolipoleiomyoma, a rare tumor that has never been reported in the veterinary literature. This benign tumor is believed to be of a choristomatous nature.     

Streptococcal meningoencephalitis in a dog.

A 5.5-year-old French bulldog was presented with acute neck pain and a short history of central vestibular syndrome. A marked neutrophilic pleocytosis and numerous gram-positive cocci were evident on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology. Streptococcus pneumoniae, a pathogen of humans, was isolated upon CSF microbiological culture. Treatment consisted of intravenous antibiotics, supportive care, and anticonvulsants for the generalized seizures which developed shortly after admission. The dog responded to therapy and two years later exhibited only a mild, residual head tilt. The pathogenesis and treatment of bacterial meningoencephalitis in dogs are reviewed.