几种药剂对二化螟、稻纵卷叶螟的防效分析

试验表明48%乐斯本乳油80m l/667m2是防治稻纵卷叶螟的首选农药,5%锐劲特40m l/667m2、5%锐劲特20m l/667m2 20%三唑磷75m l/667m2对二化螟防效较好,当田间稻纵卷叶螟和二化螟同期发生时,可用5%锐劲特20m l/667m2 20%三唑磷75m l/667m2进行兼治。     

水稻对稻纵卷叶螟抗性的研究进展

水稻对稻纵卷叶螟抗性的研究进展李马谅（泉州农校，泉州，３６２０００）水稻的卷叶性食叶害虫是多个属、种的复合体，以稻纵卷叶螟ｃｎａｐｈａｌｏｅｒｃｉｓｍｅｄｉｎａｃｉｓ为主，包括稻显纹纵卷叶螟ｓｕｓｕｍｉａｅｘｉｇｕａ及倒须野螟属ＭａｃｒｓａｓｍｉａＳ...     

8种药剂对稻纵卷叶螟防效比较试验

进行了8种不同药剂对稻纵卷叶螟防效比较试验。结果表明:在稻纵卷叶螟低龄期用药防治,48%毒死蜱(猛清)80 m L/667 m~2和稻腾30 m L/667 m~2均有很好的杀虫效果和保叶效果,40%噻虫·茚虫威20 m L/667 m~2和16%甲维·茚虫威12 g/667 m~2处理的杀虫效果和保叶效果次之,但持效期较长,其他处理效果不理想。     

吡虫啉及其与杀虫单混配剂防治稻飞虱及稻纵卷叶螟试验

田间试验结果表明，吡虫啉具有对稻飞虱击倒力强、持效长、防治效果高而对天敌较安全等特点。在稻飞虱低龄若虫高峰期，亩用10％吡虫啉可湿性粉剂10～30克，药后2天防治效果达92．4％～100％，而噻嗪酮为47．7％。药后32天调查，吡虫啉对稻飞虱仍保持很高的防治效果，且对蜘蛛杀伤率低。在亩用10～20克防治稻飞虱适宜剂量下，混配80％杀虫单粉剂每亩30～35克，能很好地兼治稻纵卷叶螟。     

几种防治稻纵卷叶螟药剂田间药效试验

试验结果表明,阿维菌素3.2％乳油450 mL/hm2、阿维菌素5％乳油750 mL/hm2、20亿PIB/mL棉铃虫核多角体病毒悬浮剂900 mL/hm2、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐3％微乳剂750 mL/hm2对稻纵卷叶螟的杀虫效果、保叶效果均达90％以上,显著优于毒死蜱,是取代毒死蜱防治稻纵卷叶螟的理想药剂.     

五种农药防治稻纵卷叶螟效果试验

通过五种农药对防治稻纵卷叶螟1～2龄幼虫高峰期的试验表明,在五种农药中,16％力克螟农药对稻纵卷叶螟防治效果最佳,可取代甲胺磷,但需要与防治时期和方法相配合。     

稻纵卷叶螟大发生调查

为使今后能及时提出准确测报和防治对策,特进行调查研究,总结稻纵卷叶螟大发生的主要原因为第5(3)代稻纵卷叶螟发蛾高峰期长、发蛾量高、繁殖代次多、残留基数高、气候条件适宜、天敌控制能力低。并提出准确测报、科学用药、治前控后的防治对策。     

不同药剂防治高龄稻纵卷叶螟幼虫的药效研究

对不同药剂防治高龄稻纵卷叶螟幼虫的药效进行了试验研究,试验表明:以5%锐劲特悬浮剂和20.2%稻卫乳油的防治效果和保叶效果最好,且药效期长、持效性好.40%毒死蜱、25%贝伐、三锐(三唑磷)对稻纵卷叶螟幼虫的速效性好,在特大发生的暴发年份,2类杀虫剂应交替使用.     

2%营利CS防治稻纵卷叶螟药效试验

用2%营利CS及48%乐斯本EC对稻纵卷叶螟进行小区试验,结果表明,每667 m2用2%营利100 ml,于稻纵卷叶螟卵孵高峰期施药,能有效地控制稻纵卷叶螟的危害,药后3 d、7 d杀虫效果分别为:91.6%、94.1%,并有利于节约农本,减轻对环境的污染,有良好的推广应用前景.     

人工释放赤眼蜂防治水稻稻纵卷叶螟试验

为减少施用化学农药对环境的污染,保持生态平衡,2011年开展了赤眼蜂防治水稻稻纵卷叶螟应用技术研究。结果显示放蜂试验田防效达77%,取得了较好的防治效果。     

稻纵卷叶螟防治药剂配方筛选

为减少高毒、高残留农药的使用,提高水稻纵卷叶螟的防治效果,对不同配方的药剂进行了田间试验.结果表明:T3处理防治效果最好,分别比T1处理和T2处理药后3d防效高16.65％,5.89％,药后7d防效高6.74％,1.12％,药后10 d保叶效果高3.97％,1.66％;T5处理的省水效果最好,药后3,7d的防治效果分别是72.55％,78.65％,比T4处理药后7d防效高2.25％,药后10 d保叶效果是82.45％,比T4处理高1.66％.     

三唑磷对稻纵卷叶螟诱导的水稻植株挥发物释放的影响

 研究了施用三唑磷对稻纵卷叶螟诱导的水稻挥发物的影响。利用固相微萃取法收集水稻挥发物,并通过气相色谱 质谱联用仪对挥发物进行分离和鉴定,共收集到36个水稻挥发物组分,其中已定性的14个,以萜类及其氧化物（11个）为主。在已定性的组分中,异喇叭烯、(-) α 雪松烯、 (+) β 雪松烯、雪松醇等4个组分在水稻上尚未见报道。不同处理间水稻挥发物种类相同,但挥发物组分相对含量存在差异。三唑磷浓度不同导致5种挥发物组分（占总种类数的13.9％）相对含量的变化;而27种组分（占总种类数的75.0％）相对含量因施药天数不同而存在显著差异;农药与水稻品种、害虫密度等生物因子间的互作使32种水稻挥发物组分（占总种类数的88.9％）相对含量显著改变。     

Growth and Reproduction of Artificially Fed Cnaphalocrocis medinalis

The growth and reproduction of rice leaffolder,Cnaphalocrocis medinalis,fed on an artificial diet were studied.The results showed that the larvae were able to grow and pupate on the artificial diet.The durations of larvae and pupas of C.medinalis on the artificial diet were 28.1 d and 10.1 d,postponed 4.9 d and 1.7 d respectively,compared with those reared with rice leaves.The number of ovipositions was 41.6 per female,26.2% higher than that fed on rice leaves.Survival rate curve of larvae was a descent function of mortality-age,with no significant differences from the curve of larvae fed on rice leaves.The net reproductive rate (Ro),intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and finite rate of increase (λ) of the population fed on diet were 17.6928,0.0884 and 1.0924,respectively,and the mean generation time (T) and double time (td) were prolonged 4.9 d and 1.3 d in comparison with the treatment of rice leaves.Population trend index (I) was 3.26,indicating a growing number of the population of C.medinalis fed on artificial diet.     

Selectiveness of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis to Host Plants

A field experiment was conducted to study the selectiveness of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Güenée(commonly known as the rice leaffolder or rice leafroller) towards five rice varieties(Yangfujing 8,Yangdao 6,Shanyou 136,Huaidao 9 and Ningjing 1) and three weed species(Echinochloa crusgalli,Leptochloa chinensis and Leersia hexandra).The results showed that the rice varieties carried significantly higher numbers of C.medinalis moths and eggs than the weed species.Among the rice varieties,Yangfujing 8 was associated with a higher moth number.However,there was little difference in the number of C.medinalis eggs among the rice varieties.Additionally,a laboratory experiment was performed to investigate the olfactory response of female C.medinalis towards volatile compounds from different rice varieties,as well as its oviposition preference towards these rice varieties.The volatiles of Yangfujing 8,Yangdao 6 and Shanyou 136 attracted C.medinalis similarly to those of TN1.In contrast,the volatiles of Huaidao 9 and Ningjing 1 clearly deterred C.medinalis.Nevertheless,C.medinalis did not exhibit clear oviposition preference towards any of the five tested rice varieties.     

稻纵卷叶螟对不同植物的产卵趋性与取食选择

【目的】稻纵卷叶螟是我国水稻上的一种重要害虫,在田间除水稻之外还可取食多种禾本科植物并完成生活史,但在大发生年份该虫几乎只在水稻上发生。本研究旨在明确该虫在水稻及其他寄主植物上的产卵选择及后代取食趋性的机制。【方法】采用室内笼罩选择实验比较了稻纵卷叶螟在水稻、玉米、稗草、狗尾草上的产卵与取食选择性以及取食经历对产卵、取食选择的影响。【结果】在笼罩条件下稻纵卷叶螟成虫在水稻叶片上的着卵量占总卵量的49.08%,显著高于其他三种植物;幼虫取食水稻后发育历期为17.29 d,显著短于取食玉米和狗尾草,同时取食水稻后蛹重最重;幼虫期分别取食水稻和玉米的稻纵卷叶螟成虫对四种植物的产卵选择无变化,仍显著偏好选择水稻产卵;低龄幼虫的取食选择性在几种植物之间无显著差异,低龄期取食水稻的幼虫发育到3龄、4龄后对寄主的取食选择顺序为狗尾草水稻、稗草玉米;低龄期取食玉米的幼虫发育到3龄、4龄后对寄主的取食选择为狗尾草玉米水稻、稗草。【结论】稻纵卷叶螟成虫显著偏好在水稻上产卵,产卵选择性不受幼虫取食经历影响,产卵选择性与幼虫的取食选择性并不一致。幼虫取食水稻的发育历期最短,蛹重最高。高龄幼虫显著偏好取食狗尾草,同时,低龄期的取食经历改变了高龄幼虫对水稻和玉米的取食偏好。     

近年来广西南宁稻纵卷叶螟大发生原因分析

 通过田间系统调查、雌蛾卵巢系统解剖、轨迹分析、天气学背景分析及历史虫情分析,阐释了广西早稻上稻纵卷叶螟前期虫源和种群性质,发现2007年广西南宁市稻纵卷叶螟主迁入峰的主要虫源地为越南北部、老挝或泰国的中北部地区。通过比较1970-1980年和2000年以来两个不同时段中稻纵卷叶螟前期迁入（4、5月份）和秋季回迁（9、10月份）高峰期和高峰日的发生时间和发生量,分析1981-2002年与2003年以来两个时段之间的雨量、雨日与前期迁入量之间的关系, 发现2003年以来境外虫源前期迁入量倍增及秋季回迁提早(从9月中旬提前到9月初)是造成南宁稻纵卷叶螟连年大发生到特大发生的主要原因,而早期迁入与秋季回迁在时间和发生虫量上并无必然的联系。     

转sck/cry1Ac 双基因抗虫水稻对二化螟和稻纵卷叶螟的抗虫效果

通过室内测定和田间观察 ,就转sck/cry1Ac双基因抗虫水稻MSB和MSA对我国主要水稻害虫二化螟和稻纵卷叶螟的抗虫效果进行了研究。室内离体植株测定结果表明 ,MSB、MSA高抗两种害虫 ,抗性水平受水稻苗龄影响。 6 5～71d苗龄水稻上害虫校正死亡率达 98.9%～ 10 0 % ,10 5～ 10 9d时抗性水平有所降低 ,但除MSB对二化螟的校正死亡率 (仍达 79.3% )降低明显 (P <0 .0 5 )外 ,MSA对二化螟及MSB、MSA对稻纵卷叶螟的校正死亡率 (92 .8%～ 98.1% )均无明显下降(P>0 .0 5 )。选取MSB进行的田间实验进一步明确 ,MSB对两种害虫有显著控虫效果 ,抗性水平与抗虫对照克螟稻 1号(含cry1Ab)无明显差异(P >0 .0 5 ) ,且略优于施药亲本明恢 86。相对于未施药明恢 86 ,MSB对两种害虫的防治效果分别为 92 .6 %、97.3% ,施药明恢 86则分别为 87.7%、89.8%。     

杂交早稻不同生育期对叶面损伤的反应：稻纵卷时螟危害的田间模拟试验

A field trial was conducted under natural ecological conditions and regular management to evaluate the effect of the rice leaffolder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, damage on the yield of early-season hybrid rice (Shanyou 402) by artificial defoliation. Foliar area of plants were cut off at the rate of 5%-30% at early tillering, peak tillering, elongation, booting, and milky stage, respectively, with each treatment including four 1 m² replications. The average yields from the plots defoliated at peak tillering were significantly higher than that of the control whereas the yields from the plots defoliated at the milky stage were lower than that of the control. Thus, the hybrid plants were apparently tolerant to foliar injury at tillering. This indicates that the current control thresholds recommended for the leaffolder should be reevaluated and that no spray one month after transplanting should be an acceptable practice for the strategy of the leaffolder control.     

杂交早稻不同生育期对叶面损伤的反应：稻纵卷时螟危害的田间模拟试验

杂交早稻不同生育期对叶面损伤的反应：稻纵卷时螟危害的田间模拟试验陈忠孝,冯明光,胡国文,潘群威（中国水稻研究所,杭州３１０００６）关键词：稻纵卷叶螟;食叶性害虫;防治指标;杂交稻ＲｅｓｐｏｎｓｅｏｆＥａｒｌｙ－ｓｅａｓｏｎＨｙｂｒｉｄＲｉｃｅｔｏＦｏ...