中学校园绿化与校园文化

绿化建设必须结合校园化,才能达到环境育人,提高学生综合素质的目标。环境育人的最大优势在于,景观与化天生密不可分,有着深厚的渊源。景观是化最合适的载体,是仅次于爱情的学描写对象。游山玩水,吟诗作赋是中国古代人的理想生活。人也寄予植物以人格,如竹的节操、梅的孤傲、牡丹的富贵、荷花的高洁、岁寒三友松竹柏、梅兰竹菊四君子等。     

绿化新技术前瞻

为了改变人类的生存环境,各国科学家专心致力于难度较大的陡坡、荒山和干旱等地区造林的技术研究。下面介绍几项近年出现的最新成果。　　空中造林绿化有希望。成千上万个内含树籽的“胶凝珠”从飞机上铺天盖地撒播下来,落在大小岭和荒山秃岗等处,二三年间,这里便成了“绿色的海洋”,这是巴西实施短期造林绿化的景观。　　巴西10ａ间曾滥砍乱伐,林木被毁,土地裸露,土壤被冲刷,塌方不时发生,威胁着居民的环境和安全。科学家潜心研究的这种造林方法,给巴西带来了绿色希望。这种“凝珠胶”每颗重1ｇ许,内含约10粒热带树木种子,空投播撒时可准确…     

新形势下的平原绿化

平原绿化是造林绿化的重要组成部分,是农业稳产高产的屏障,对改善区域环境,建设生态农业,促进原区群众脱贫致富有着重大的现实意义和作用。近几年来,随着造林绿化事业的发展和人们对环境意识、生态意识、绿化意识的显著增强,平原绿化已越来越受到社会各界的普遍关注和重视。特别是去年8月江泽民总书记做出“大抓植树造林,建     

辽宁省平原绿化建设的发展思路

分析了辽宁省平原绿化工作历时10多年取得的可喜成果和形势下产生的认识、权益、投资、管护等新的问题。提出了平原绿化工作要体现“三个”效益相统一，合理发展经济林和加速村镇绿化的思路     

屋顶绿化设计原则及植物配置

随着城市建设步伐的加快，城市园林绿化建设日新月异，城市屋顶绿化作为其中的一支生力军脱颖而出，成为了城市园林建设中的一个新亮点。     

城市园林绿化存在的问题与对策探讨

指出了随着现代城市化脚步的加快,城市园林绿化研究成果得到较好的运用和发展。探讨了当前的城市建设规划与城市园林绿化存在的缺乏协调性、绿地结构单纯、管理水平较低、环境污染等问题,针对当前城市园林绿化中存在的一系列问题的原因进行了分析,提出了加快城市一体化进程、提前进行绿化规划等措施来解决城市园林绿化发展的瓶颈,为当前城市园林绿化的发展提供参考和建议。     

欧洲绿化考察纪实

在全国绿化委员会的组织下,由来自2004年被评为“全国绿化模范县”和“全国绿化模范单位”部分单位的12位代表组成的“赴欧洲绿化考察团”,于去年年底,对西欧绿化情况和城市园林建设进行了为期15天的考察。考察团先后到了奥地利、德国、荷兰、卢森堡、比利时、法国、意大利等国的一些主要城市。欧洲各国政府和人民群众高度的环境保护意识,     

平潭城市园林绿化建设发展思路与对策

在分析平潭城市园林绿化现状和存在问题的基础上，提出平潭城市园林绿化建设的发展思路、措施与对策，为平潭城市园林绿化建设提供有益的借鉴。     

浅谈乌海市居住区绿化建设

进入2000年以来，乌海市正如全国许多大中城市一样，在市场经济发展的大潮下，城市建设达到了前所未有的高潮。改变城市面貌、提高人民居住水平、挖掘城市用地潜力等多方因素，使得居住区建设在城市建设中占据了非常重要的位置。一批又一批住宅楼、住宅小区、花园别墅、经济适用型住房如雨后春笋般拔地而起，住宅建设已经成了城市建设的热点。因而，居住区绿化作为城市的一项重要基础设施，也日趋重要起来。     

海口市开展城市园林绿化普查

为了准确掌握海口市各类园林绿化、道路绿化建设、区域分布、构成情况 ,核实全市范围内古树名木数量及生存现况 ,核实单位附属绿地、居住小区绿化面积及达标情况 ,为今后对园林绿化进行科学化、规范化、制度化管理提供量化依据 ,海口市近日组织开展了为期半年的城市园林绿化普查工作。本次绿化普查范围及内容包括城市建成区及近郊园林现状管理范围内的公共绿地、生产绿地、单位附属绿地、居住区绿地、风景林地、防护林地及道路绿地情况等。目前 ,海口市已成立绿化普查领导小组 ,并对普查员进行了普查技术培训工作海口市开展城市园林绿化普查…     

CAD与建筑设计的关系

本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。     

森林冠层结构与功能及其时空变化研究进展*

林冠是森林与外界环境相互作用最直接和最活跃的界面层 ,同时 ,它本身又承载了森林生物多样性的主体部分。森林冠层研究的方法和技术在近些年取得了长足发展 ,从而促进了有关林冠结构与功能的研究。这些研究深化了人们对于林冠结构与光能截获以及群落干物质积累之间关系的认识 ,同时 ,对于森林冠层的物质循环和能量传输以及冠层内各营养级之间相互关系动态也有了更为深入的理解。考察森林冠层的结构与功能及其时空变化是深入理解整个森林生态系统的格局、过程及其运作机制的重要基础。     

Persistence of herbicides in forest nursery soils

The persistence of the four herbicides atrazine, hexazinone, lenacil and linuron was studied in forest nursery soils. The adsorption capacities of the soils for the chemicals were described by the distribution coefficients kj and k_oc. Due to the low content of organic matter in the soils the k_a‐values were low, in several cases being <1 for hexazinone. Hexazinone also had the lowest k _oc‐value (30) while the other substances had k_oc ‐values within the range 200–400. In some cases hexazinone showed great mobility under field conditions. The formula c=c_o‐kt^1/2 was used to describe the disappearance of the herbicides from the various soils. The rate of degradation of the four herbicides correlated well with the rate of respiration in the same soils in laboratory experiments, and for linuron reasonably well also in field experiments. In the field experiments the herbicides penetrated the top soil layer. In the subsoil the risk of further transport downward to the drainage system or ground water increased, especially for hexazinone. Linuron as well as the fungicides maneb and tolylfluanid suppressed the decomposition rate of hexazinone in laboratory experiments.     

浅议野生动物所有权

野生动物所有权是所有权的一种,它与其他所有权的区别在于客体的不同。文章阐述了野生动物的内涵,分析了野生动物的分类和野生动物与野生动物资源的区别。在明确野生动物含义的基础上,提出了野生动物所有权的概念,深入论述了野生动物所有权与野生动物资源所有权的差异和联系,并对野生动物所有权的主体、客体、内容进行了分析。     

竹大片刨花板对竹材生物学特性的适应性

以云南四种典型材用丛生竹（龙竹、甜龙竹、黄竹和油勒竹）宏观构造、组织结构、主要物理力学性质和化学组份等竹材主要生物学特性的研究分析结果为依据,提出了竹大片刨花板的结构、制板工艺和设备与原料竹材生物学特性之间应有的适应性关系。继而,通过实验室系列化试验和工厂试生产,确定了竹大片刨花板的应有性能和最佳工艺条件包括竹大片刨花的最佳质量指标及其最佳制备条件。     

Log sawing positioning optimization and log bucking of tropical hardwood species to increase the volume yield

The sawmill industry is a very important link in the Mozambique forest products value chain, but the industry is characterized by undeveloped processing technology and high-volume export of almost unrefined logs. The low volume yield of sawn timber has been identified as a critical gap in the technological development of the industry. To improve the profitability of the industry, there is thus a need to develop methods and techniques that improve the yield. In this paper, different positioning of logs prior to sawing and the possibility of increasing the volume yield of crooked logs by bucking the logs before sawing have been studied. A computer simulation was used to study the cant-sawing and through-and-through sawing of the logs to determine the volume yield of sawn timber from the jambirre (Millettia stuhlmannii Taub.) and umbila (Pterocarpus angolensis DC.) species. The optimal position, i.e. the position of the log before sawing that gives the highest volume yield of sawn timber for a given sawing pattern when the positioning parameters, offset, skew and rotation, are considered gave a considerable higher volume yield than the horns-down position. By bucking very crooked logs and using the horns-down positioning before sawing, the volume yield can be of the same magnitude as that obtained by optimal positioning on full-length (un-bucked) logs. The bucking reduces the crook of the logs and hence increases the volume yield of sawn timber.     

丽水市竹产业化建设进展与思考

丽水市是浙江省竹类的重点产区之一。竹子产业化是丽水市“十·五”期间农业产业化的重点。该文分析了丽水市竹产业化提出的背景 ,总结了竹产业化建设取得的主要进展 ,根据发展中存在的问题 ,在观念改变和机制创新、强化科技支撑作用、培植龙头企业、建立运销服务体系以及加强小径竹开发利用等方面进行了深入的思考。     

用苯芴酮萃取分光法测定微量锗

本文探讨了用苯芴酮萃取分光法测定微量锗的实验条件和步骤．结果表明，用此法测定微量锗灵敏度高、操作简便、准确，是测定微量锗的较好方法．可用于对植物和食品中的微量锗进行检测．     

Serological marking of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pnigalio agraules</Emphasis> (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) for field dispersal studies

The parasitoid wasp Pnigalio agraules (Wlk.) is a key natural enemy of the horsechestnut leafminer Cameraria ohridella Deschka and Dimić (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). As a basis for mark-release-recapture studies, aimed at investigating the dispersal of this parasitoid in the field, adults of P. agraules were marked using a vertebrate-specific immunoglobulin (IgG). The marker was later detected by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). The IgG was either applied externally by spraying or internally by feeding an IgG-enriched diet. Different concentrations of the marker were used and the influence of abiotic (climatic conditions, time elapsed between marking and marker examination) and biotic factors (sex and age of the parasitoids) on the detection of the immunomarker was tested. External marking by spraying led to more homogeneous labelling than feeding the marker. Parasitoids labelled with 0.25 mg rabbit IgG per ten individuals contained enough immunomarker to be easily distinguished from unmarked ones. Neither the climatic conditions nor the sex or age of the insects had an influence on the detection of the marker. The IgG remained well detectable during the entire lifespan of the parasitoids, which was not negatively affected by the marking procedure. Serological marking can be used to investigate the dispersal behaviour of beneficial insects within mark-release-recapture studies.     

In situ forcing of pollen maturation in Jack pine and Japanese larch male cones

Paper bags equipped with a polyethylene window were placed on branchlets 6 and 9 weeks before the time of pollen dispersal of Japanese larch and Jack pine, respectively. This technique produced a localized greenhouse effect around the branchlets, accelerating male cone development. For Jack pine trees, buds in bags with the window oriented upward had the shortest maturation time. In fact, it was possible to collect these pollen cones about 11 days before the unbagged control without decreasing the production of pollen. The mean germination rate of the pollen from the bags with the window pointed upward, however, was significantly lower than the control, by about 15%. Buds in bags with the window oriented downward had an accelerated development of about 9 days (compared to the control) but did not experience a decrease in pollen production or quality. This same technique caused the abortion of male cones of the Japanese larch trees. Thermal probes in the bags enabled us to follow the progression of temperature inside and outside the bags during the development of the male cone in each species. They revealed that the bags increased mean temperature, daily temperature range, and degree-day accumulation, and that this effect was most pronounced for Jack pine, when the polyethylene window was oriented upward.