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1.
After 14 year‘s growth observation on the plant growth,it was found that obvi-ous segregation appeared among the haploid pollen plants obtained from anther culture ofPopulus Xiaohei T.S.Hwany ex C.Wang et Tung in vitro.By vegetative propagation,19 cloneswere selected and field contrast test was carried out.Statistical analysis result showed a signifi-cant difference in volume production.They are superior clones which could be selected fromamong the pollen plants for utilization.A haploid breeding procedure is suggested in the paper. 相似文献
2.
The effect of water state of soil on eco-boundary over leaf surface was disscussed by takingPopulus davidiana as experimental material. The results show that to change soil water state by some methods was to adjust and control the
forming quality of eco-boundary in fact. The plant in good water condition must be accompanied by thinner eco-boundary. This
eco-boundary is beneficial to exchange and flow of the substances between plant and environment.
Suifenhe Animal and Plant Quarantine Bureau
The study was supported by The Chinese Natural Science Foundation, No. 39470136
(Responsible Editor: Chai Ruihai) 相似文献
3.
Populus tomentosa was crossed with P. tremuloidis, P. grandidentata, P. alba × P. grandidentata and P. alba × Ulmus pumila in order to maintain its rapid growth and high wood quality and improve its resistance to cold. Two methods were used to
increase the germination rate from 1.5% to 41.1% and the remaining rate from 1.7% to 44.2%. Forty crossing combinations were
conducted and 2 744 hybrid seedlings were obtained. MX4 × P. grandidentata (G-1-58), MX3 × P. tremuloidis (T-44-60), MX2 × P. tremuloidis (1-13-87-37) and MX2 × (P. alba × P. grandidentata) were regarded as superior combinations after analysis and selection. Thirty seedlings of these combinations and 11 triploid
seedlings identified by counting their chromosomes were selected as super plants.
[Supported by the Doctoral Foundation of Ministry of Education (Grant No. 200220022004) and the National “863” Project (Grant
No. 2002AA241071)] 相似文献
4.
Protoplasts were isolated from the leaves of sterile plants ofPopulus euphratica Oliv. by using 1% Cellulase “Onozuka” RS and 0.25% Pectolyase Y-23 in 0.6m of mannitol solution. Protoplasts were cultured in modified Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium which contained no ammonium
ions but was supplemented with BAP (6-benzylaminopurine), 2,4-D (2,4- dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid), and 1% sucrose at the
cell density of 9×104/ml. Cell divisions occurred in every culture medium, especially in the medium containing 0.5 mg/l of BAP and 0.1 mg/l of
2,4-D, in which callus was successfully induced by successive culture through cell cluster formation. Shoots were regenerated
from the callus, and their growth was enhanced on 1/2 MS medium containing 0.8 mg/l of BAP. Finally, shoots were rooted and
plantlets were regenerated on 1/2 MS medium without a hormone.
A part of this paper was presented at the 106th Annual Meeting of the Jpn. For. Soc. (1995). 相似文献
5.
In this paper a general introduction is given to research advances in genetics improvement and breeding of Chinese aspen (Populus davidiana Dode) in China. This introduction includes natural distribution and collection, conservation, gene diversity, provenance
trial, crossing breeding, vegetative propagation and disease resistant etc. Based on the current situation of forest tree
breeding in China, some strategic suggestions concerning the future development of Chinese aspen genetics improvement in China
are presented, taking into consideration the existing domestic demands of forestry production and international trends in
forest tree breeding.
Responsible Editor: Chai Ruihai 相似文献
6.
Hamako Sasamoto Yohichi Wakita Shinso Yokota Nobuo Yoshizawa 《Journal of Forest Research》2000,5(4):265-270
An improved method for selection of large electro-fused protoplasts ofPopulus alba by a micromanipulator was developed. The conditions for electric cell fusion treatment were optimized. For the best result,
protoplasts with a cell density of 5 × 105/mL were treated with an alternate current (1 MHz, 200 V/cm) and pulsed with a direct current (2 kV/cm) for 100μs in 2.5 mM CaCl2 and 0.55 M mannitol. The electo-fused protoplasts were cultured in NH4NO3-free Murashige and Skoog’s medium containing 0.6 M of mannitol, 0.09 M sucrose, 1μM of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 0.1μM of benzyladenine, the same medium used for protoplast culture, but at a very low cell density of 5–10 × 102/mL in a well of a 96-well culture plate. When cell aggregates derived from individual fused protoplasts were transferred
to fresh medium with 0, 0.3 or 0.6 M mannitol, large colonies developed. In the shoot differentiation medium, the reaction
of the calluses derived from large fused protoplasts towards the growth regulators differed from the non-fused ones. In medium
containing 1μM each of naphthalene acetic acid andN-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N′-phenylurea, growth of callus from electro-fused ones was not reduced by much compared to the control, but shoot differentiation
was inhibited. Gibberellic acid (0.1–10μM) was beneficial to shoot regeneration; however, irregularly shaped leaves appeared at high gibberellic acid concentrations.
Shoots regenerated were rooted in Murashige and Skoog’s medium containing 4μM of indole-3-butyric acid. Some plantlets obtained had a varied morphology. Based on the characteristics of growth, some
cells derived from electro-fused protoplasts appear to be physiologically different from the non-fused one. 相似文献
7.
Fertilizing plantations of fast-growing tree crops, in manners which supply nutrients at rates that match plant demand and
maintain stable internal plant nutrient ratios, can maximize biomass production and carbon sequestration while reducing fertilizer
wastage and pollution. Our objectives were to determine nutrient ratios of common hybrid poplar (Populus trichocarpa Torr. and Gray × Populus deltoides Marsh.) (T × D) clones under steady-state nutrition, and to determine if incremental additions of fertilizer were more successful
than conventional (evenly-split) fertilizer additions in maximizing biomass production and inducing stable nutrient ratios.
Un-rooted cuttings of three T × D clones (49–177, DTAC-7, 15–29) were grown under a conventional regime and a modified-exponential
fertilization regime at three application rates (1.8, 3.7 or 7.4 g N plant−1). Above- and below-ground biomass and nutrient concentrations were measured after one growing season. There were few differences
in total plant biomass between conventional and modified-exponential fertilization regimes, but for one clone, biomass accumulation
equivalent to the highest rate under the conventional regime was achieved with the medium rate of the modified-exponential
regime. Stable nutrient ratios (at conditions consistent with steady-state nutrition) were: 100N:14P:50K (49–177), 100N:13P:49K
(DTAC-7) and 100N:12P:60K (15–29). 相似文献
8.
Jianming Gao Yong Zhang Chunguo Wang Shougong Zhang Liwang Qi Wenqin Song 《New Forests》2009,37(3):333-344
Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) was used in genetic fingerprinting of 22 elite Chinese Populus deltoides and Populus × canadensis accessions. The results indicated that each of the nine AFLP primer pairs selected generated fingerprint profiles that were
unique to each of the accessions. Therefore, each accession was definitively identified by any of the nine primer pairs. Furthermore,
the inter-accession genetic relationships inferred based on 461 polymorphic fragments from the nine AFLP primer pairs were
largely consistent with phylogenetic relationships based on morphologic traits. Bootstrap analysis showed that three AFLP
primer pairs were required to obtain genetic similarity values with a maximum CV of 10% while 10 AFLP primer pairs could give
a maximum CV of 5%. Thus, AFLP can readily be applied for a rapid and accurate evaluation of the degree of similarity between
poplar cultivars. In this study, the number of AFLP fragments used was sufficient to establish a reliable estimate of genetic
similarity among accessions, with a maximum CV of 5.12%. Therefore, the information on the genetic relationships among the
poplar accessions generated in this study in connection with knowledge on agronomic traits may have an impact on poplar breeding
and planting in China. 相似文献
9.
Aristotelis C. Papageorgiou Reiner Finkeldey Hans H. Hattemer Sotirios Xenopoulos 《European Journal of Forest Research》2005,124(2):119-124
Individuals were selected for resistance against the imperfect fungus Seiridium cardinale Wag in six common cypress populations (Cupressus sempervirens L.) in Greece. A total of 109 resistant clones and 140 trees from their base populations were surveyed at several allozyme loci. The comparison yielded information on changes in genetic variation due to artificial selection. The genetic structure of the breeding populations was similar to their base populations. Nevertheless, the number of rare alleles among the resistant clones had decreased, showing a similar trend at most loci and for most comparisons. Possible implications for breeding strategies are discussed. 相似文献
10.
The rough extent of leaf surface may be described by protruding of waxes which like as wart and of stomatal aperture and of
width of the cuticular ledge around guard cells. Because the morphology of the leaf surface has obviously similar itself,
so one can use the theory of the fractal dimension to deal with the problems of leaf surface rough. The paper studied the
rough extent and the result showed: with the leaf growing up, the waxes accumulate more and more, the leaf surface is more
rough and the dimension is larger. The dimension D
w
p
which indicates the rough extent of warts protruding is about 2.10–2.20 on the above epidermis; On the beneath epidermis
the dimension D
s
p
of stomatal opening protruding is about 2.00–2.24; Maximum widthL of cuticular ledge is about 1.0–7.4μm.
The project supported by Natural Science Foundation of China 相似文献
11.
[目的]为探讨额河杨和银灰杨天然杂种的起源机制,[方法]应用18对SSR标记,从分子水平上对新疆额尔齐斯河流域杨属植物的种间关系进行分析研究。[结果]表明:(1)SSR系统发育树将整个流域天然杨属植物分为两大类群,即黑杨派和青杨派为一类,白杨派为一类;(2)白杨派派内系统聚类图显示,银白杨、欧洲山杨、银灰杨三个树种均有较大的遗传分化,特别是杂种银灰杨似乎更大;(3)黑杨派和青杨派的UPGMA分类图显示,青杨派和黑杨派分属于2个分支,其中,青杨派内部分化相对简单,分为2支,均为典型的苦杨;黑杨派内部的分化较为复杂,可分为4类,包括典型的欧洲黑杨、额河杨和回交子代。[结论]杂种额河杨具有更多的欧洲黑杨的遗传成分,因此,将额河杨放到黑杨派是正确的。 相似文献
13.
生长素及其信号转导系统对植物的生长发育具有重要的影响。本研究从银腺杨'84K'(Populus alba × P. glandulosa cl. '84K')中分离了生长素受体基因PtrFBL1,利用PMDC32构建了PMDC32-PtrFBL1超量表达载体,并通过遗传转化获得了超量表达植株17个。对温室定植的3个转基因株系和对照植株的根系、生长量和光合指标等性状分析结果显示:转基因株系总根长和总根面积达到显著或极显著差异,而根系干质量、平均不定根系长度、平均不定根直径差异不显著;株高、平均节间长、地径和高径比皆高于对照,且大多数转基因株系达到显著差异;除气孔限制值(Ls)低于对照外,气孔导度(Cd)、水分利用效率(WUE)、光能利用效率(LUE)和叶绿素相对含量皆高于对照,且大多数转基因株系达到显著或极显著差异。以上结果表明,可能是FBL1超表达增加了转基因株系根系面积,提高了水分和养分的吸收利用,进而导致转基因株系光能吸收和转化效率提高,引起转基因株系生长加快。 相似文献
14.
A 3 125 bp cellulose synthase gene, PtoCesA1, which has a 98% identity to PtrCesA1 from Populus tremuloides, was cloned from cDNA prepared from secondary xylem of P. tomentosa. Four anti-expression vectors with different fragments of PtoCesA1, named as pBIPF, pBICC1, pBIPR and pBIBR, were constructed. Some traits of transformed tobacco of pBICC1, pBIPR and pBIBR
differed from wild types, such as small leaves, “dwarf” phenotype and thinner xylem and fiber cell walls than wild plants
consistent with a loss of cellulose. It indicated that the growth of transgenic tobacco was restrained by the expression of
anti-PtoCesA1. Transgenic tobacco was obtained and the contents of cellulose and lignin were analyzed as well as the width and length of
fiber cells, and xylem thickness for both transgenic and control plants. Transformed tobacco showed a different phenotype
from control plants and it implied that PtoCesA1 was essential for the cellulose biosynthesis in poplar stems.
[Supported by the Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China (863) (2001AA244060 and 2003AA244020) and National Basic
Research Program of China (973) (J1999016003)] 相似文献
15.
The influence of Desert False Indigo, Amorpha fruticosa, on the growth of Populus ussuriensis seedlings inoculated with three arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) fungi (Glomus mosseae, Glomus intraradices, Glomus sinuosa) was studied using the nylon net method. The results showed that all three AM fungi infected P. ussuriensis seedlings and G. intraradices and also G. mosseae infected A. fruticosa. The AM fungi promoted growth of P. ussuriensis and Desert False indigo seedlings. Moreover, under co-cultivation with A. fruticosa, the biomass of P. ussuriensis increased significantly. The concentration of nitrogen in P. ussuriensis grown with A. fruticosa and the concentration of soluble nitrogen in the rhizosphere were also higher than when grown alone. Hypha were found on
the two plant seedlings inoculated with G. mosseae and G. intraradices, suggesting that AM fungi may transport nutrients from seedlings of A. fruticosa to the rhizosphere of P. ussuriensis seedlings, which may have promoted the growth of P. ussuriensis. The AM fungi played a critical role on the effect of A. fruticosa on growth of P. ussuriensis. 相似文献
16.
Selection of Non-timber Forest Species for Community and Private Plantations in the High and Low Altitude Areas of Makawanpur District,Nepal 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Tek N. Maraseni 《Small-Scale Forestry》2008,7(2):151-161
The domestication of non-timber forest species (NTFS) is receiving increasing attention from developing economies. However,
little is known about the selection of NTFS in Nepal for commercial uses. Sixteen selection criteria were developed and NTFS
were ranked for community and private plantations in both low altitude and high altitude areas of Makawanpur district, Nepal,
by workshops of multiple NTFS stakeholders. The rigorous scoring of 12 ecologically screened NTFS against the 16 selection
criteria revealed that kurilo and sarpagandh are highly preferred NTFS for low altitude areas whereas chiraito and jatamanshi are highly preferred for high altitude. This finding coincides with the general perception of participants and contemporary
literature. These are the species being rapidly depleted from the natural forests. Rapid decline of valuable species creates
strong motivation from stakeholders for planting them on community and private land.
相似文献
Tek N. MaraseniEmail: |
17.
Both cDNA and DNA clones of PtDof1 (GenBank Accession No. FJ402844 and FJ402845) were isolated from plants grown in tissue culture of Populus tomentosa. The DNA sequence is 1597 bp including two exons and one intron. The cDNA is 969 bp in length with a 765 bp open reading
frame which is capable of encoding 255 amino acids. The deduced amino acids sequence of the PtDof1 protein shares 65%, 56%
and 55% identity with Vitis vinifera (CAO48618), Nicotiana tabacum (CAA08755) and Glycine max (ABI16022) Dof protein by blast analysis in GenBank. Phylogenic analysis suggests PtDof1 gene could belong to the Dof gene family. PtDof1 protein contains an unusual conserved single zinc finger with the pattern of C-X2-C-X21-C-X2-C, which
may play a functional role in tissue-specific expression and possibly the auxin response of endogenous plant genes. 相似文献
18.
Leaves of fine Populus tomentosa genotype TC152 were used as explants to establish cell suspension lines. The effects of plant growth regulators on callus induction and establishment of cell suspension lines were studied. The callus induction rate was the highest on a MS solid medium supplemented with 1.0 mg·L^-1 2,4-D. A cell suspension line could be obtained by inoculating calli which were not subcultured into a MS liquid medium supplemented with 1.5 mg·L^-1 2,4-D. The best subculture medium was MS + 0.8 mg'L-1 2,4-D + 30 g·L^-1 sucrose with a subculture cycle of seven days. 相似文献
19.
From April to December in 1997 at Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, the effect of predation
risk on social behavior, feeding, reproduction and sexual hormones of the root voles (Microtus oeconomus) was studied when the root voles (Microtus oeconomus) were exposed to the odor of fitch (Mustila eversmanni). The results showed that the root voles delayed breeding period and the frequency of the copulation significantly lowered
(P<0.01). Comparing with the control group, the accumulated time of amicable behavior in females, and general activity of both
sexes increased significantly (P<0.01). The frequencies of general activity (P<0.01), investigating activity (females:P<0.05, males:P<0.01), and self-grooming (P<0.01) of both sexes were less significantly. At the same time, the amount of energy intake (P<0.05) and body weight (P<0.01) of the root voles decreased significantly. The litter weight and ovary index of females decreased (P<0.01). For males the sperm count in epididymides also decreased significantly (P<0.01). The progesterone in the blood serum of root voles females increased significantly under fitch odor (P<0.01).
Biography: WANG Zhen-long (1971-), male, lecture in Department of Biology, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P.R. China
Responsible editor: Zhu Hong 相似文献
20.
ZHOULi LUOFeng-xia DAILi-min ZHANGHui-hua 《林业研究》2003,14(1):67-70
The fresh pollen vitality,the effect of different storage conditions on the pollen vitality,and the difference of vitality among the species of seven species of Syringa were determined in Shenyang,China.The results indicated that the pollen vitality (81.5%) of Syringa villosa was the highest among the seven tested species,followed by S.microphylla and S.meyeri,and that of S.oblata var.affinis was the lowest.The low temperature was the best condition for storage of pollen of Syringa,and the most proper temperature for the storage was 0-2℃.The storability of S.microphylla was the best of all,and it could be stored over 60 days at the temperature of 0-2℃,next was S.villosa and S.meyeri. 相似文献