樱桃番茄水培肥料配方试验

采用６种肥料配方进行了２年共３茬在樱桃番茄水培试验,结果表明,５号配方处理的樱桃番茄表现茎粗,开展度大,总节数多,植株生长势强,产量高,品质好,较适宜作樱桃番茄水培专用肥。对水培与土培樱档番茄果实ＮＯ２的含量进行分析比较,结果５个水培配方处理果实的ＮＯ２含量低于土培,初步认为水培并不会合蔬菜产品ＮＯ２的含量升高。     

珍珠番茄基质栽培技术

珍珠番茄又名樱桃番茄。它既是蔬菜又是水果,不仅色泽艳丽、形态优美,而且味道适口、营养丰富。其维生素含量是普通番茄的1.7倍。番茄是无土栽培中最有代表性的蔬菜,比常规土培产量提高70%以上;番茄的无土栽培可采用水培、岩棉培、基质栽培三种。就目前的     

不同无土栽培方式对油菜生长的影响

通过静水培和珍珠岩基质培两种无土栽培方式种植油菜，结果表明，静水培方式能为油菜根系生长提供一个更好的根际环境，因而静水培油菜比珍珠岩基质培油菜生长速度快，产量高且营养液消耗少。     

珍珠番茄基质栽培技木

珍珠番茄又名樱桃番茄。它既是蔬菜又是水果,不仅色泽艳丽、形态优美,而且味道适口、营养丰富。其维生素含量是普通番茄的1．7倍。番茄是无土栽培中最有代表性的蔬菜,比常规土培产量提高70％以上;番茄的无土栽培可采用水培、岩棉培、基质栽培三种。就目前的经济水平而言,使用简易基质栽培,成本低,效益好。     

水培番茄树栽培管理技术

水培番茄树操作方便、无土传病虫害,通过营养液调整对番茄树生长进行调控更方便,水培驯化可以有效延长番茄树1~2个月的观赏期和采收期,是设施农业、观光农业番茄树式栽培的较好选择。对番茄树品种选择、育苗基质配制、水培驯化、栽培管理及水培技术进行了初步总结,为设施农业、观光农业番茄树式栽培提供技术参考。     

不同栽培形式对嫁接番茄生长及果实品质的影响

以嫁接番茄品种烟粉207为供试材料,研究了基质袋培、基质槽式栽培、土壤栽培3种栽培形式对嫁接番茄生长及果实品质的影响。试验结果表明,基质槽式栽培的嫁接番茄总产量比土壤栽培的增加了25.8%,前期产量增加了150.0%;基质袋培嫁接番茄总产量比土壤栽培减少4.6%,但前期产量增加了214.8%。2种基质栽培处理的嫁接番茄的株高、茎粗、叶片数等生长指标均低于土壤栽培,但果实硬度、VC含量、可溶性固形物含量等指标明显高于土壤栽培,显著提高了番茄的品质;二者光合速率无显著差异,均显著低于基质袋培形式。     

甲鱼养殖废水在不同蔬菜栽培系统中的应用

利用甲鱼养殖废水在水培、土培、基质培等不同蔬菜栽培系统中试验，结果表明甲鱼 养殖废水可作为番茄栽培的营养源，是养殖废水再利用的一种有效途径。     

两种栽培条件对樱桃番茄贮藏品质的影响

为探究不同栽培条件对樱桃番茄贮藏品质的影响，本研究选用樱桃番茄‘千禧’为试验材料，分别进行土壤栽培和基质栽培，采收后分别于贮藏0、5、10、15 d时测定两种栽培方式下樱桃番茄的感官指标（腐烂度、软硬度、光泽与色泽、萼片新鲜度）和质量指标（失重率、含水量、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、维生素C），分析两种栽培方式下樱桃番茄贮藏品质的变化。结果表明，基质栽培樱桃番茄的可滴定酸、维生素C和可溶性蛋白含量在贮藏过程中均高于土壤栽培的，如基质栽培樱桃番茄在贮藏10 d时维生素C含量较土壤栽培的高76.56%；基质栽培条件下樱桃番茄在贮藏过程中腐烂度和失重率较普通栽培樱桃番茄低，其它感官指标亦优于普通栽培条件下的樱桃番茄。     

雾培对网纹甜瓜生长和产量及品质的影响

以基质培和水培为对照,研究了雾培对网纹甜瓜植株生长、产量和品质的影响.结果表明:雾培网纹甜瓜的株高、茎粗、叶片数、根长、根体积、根系活力和根干物质积累均高于水培和基质培,说明雾培能促进网纹甜瓜植株生长,使其根系发达,长势旺盛.雾培网纹甜瓜单瓜重极显著高于水培和基质培;果实可溶性固形物和维生素C含量与水培和基质培差异不显著;雾培可溶性总糖含量显著低于基质培;有机酸含量显著高于水培,但与基质培差异不显著;蛋白质含量显著高于基质培,说明雾培在显著提高网纹甜瓜产量的同时果实品质有所下降.     

立柱式水培樱桃番茄夏季裂果原因及防治

立柱式水培樱桃番茄已获成功，但生产中存在夏季严重裂果的现象，极大地影响了品质、产量和经济效益。减少裂果，探索防止裂果的措施，已是樱桃番茄水培生产中亟待解决的问题。本试验就樱桃番茄夏季裂果原因以及有效的防治方法加以探讨，现介绍如下。一、材料和方法1.供试品种 樱桃番茄品种为红洋梨，由北京井田种苗营业部提供，属无限生长型。2.试验方法 2000年4月7日播种，5月18日移植于大棚立柱上，每根立柱栽植2层，每层3株。营养液配方采用杭州龙山化工厂生产的无土栽培肥料，每天营养液循环4次，每次30min。坐果期不用激素保果，采…     

Effect of salinity and water table on growth and tolerance of plum and peach

The effects of combinations of salinity (no salt, 2000 p.p.m. or 4000 p.p.m. of CaCl₂ and NaCl, 1:1) and water table (30 cm, 60 cm or 90 cm from the soil surface), on the vegetative growth and tolerance of ‘Golden Japanese’ plum and ‘Mit Ghamre’ and ‘Balady’ peaches were studied. The plants were grown in lysimeters. The growth of the trunk, total shoot length, the increase in shoot length per cm and the fresh weight of top, root and total plant were reduced with increasing salinity of the irrigation water. The effect was accentuated when the plants were maintained at high water table level. The salinity treatments resulted in the death of 43%, 73% and 76% of the plants in the plum, and the ‘Mit Ghamre’ and ‘Balady’ peaches, respectively, indicating that the plum is more tolerant to salinity than the peach. The plants of the salinity treatments showed various symptoms of salt injury, such as leaf burn, defoliation, shoot die-back and finally death. In the peaches, salt injury started to occur in the first growing-season, whereas the salt injury appeared in the plum in the second growing-season. The symptoms were more pronounced in the 4000 p.p.m. treatment than in the 2000 p.p.m. treatment and were more pronounced at the high water table level. The salinity level was the predominant factor and the effect of the water table on the vegetative growth diminished with increase in the salinity level of the irrigation water.     

洞庭1号无籽西瓜套种棉花高产高效模式的研究与应用

根据西瓜、棉花两者生长发育特点进行套种试验,研究其高产高效栽培模式。试验示范结果表明,以西瓜行株距4.5m×0.65m,棉花行株距1.5m×0.45m的种植密度,西瓜与棉花之间互颉作用最小,西瓜和棉花的产量和产值在3个套种模式中位居第1,在5个处理中经济效益最高。     

Primary culture and identification of mouse PASMCs and effects of hypoxia on proliferation and apoptosis of PASMCs

AIM：To establish a fast, accurate and economical technique for culturing mouse pulmonary arteriolar smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), and to explore the effects of hypoxia on the proliferation and apoptosis of the PASMCs. METHODS：In sterile condition, the pulmonary artery was isolated from the male BALB/c mice by digesting with collagenase I, and the cells were cultured in fetal bovine serum-coated flask. Centrifugal procedure was not used during the cell passage. The cell morphology was observed under an inverted phase-contrast microscope. α-Smooth muscle actin was identified by immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence. The effects of hypoxia on the proliferation and apoptosis of the PASMCs were detected by CCK-8 assay and TUNEL assay. RESULTS：PASMCs were identified by the methods of immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence staining and observation of morphology. Unlike the rat PASMCs with typical subcultured peak-vally pattern, the mouse PASMCs showed a lot different without a peak-vally pattern. The cells could be subcultured after 5 d to 7 d and there was 3 to 5 generations depending on the activity of the cells. CCK-8 assay demonstrated that the A values of PASMCs exposed to hypoxia increased after 24 h (P＜0.05) as compared with normoxia. TUNEL result showed that the apoptotic index of the PASMCs in hypoxia decreased after 24 h (P<0.05). CONCLUSION：This technique for obtaining cultured mouse PASMCs is simple, fast, accurate and economical. The digestion time is easy to control. Hypoxia promotes the proliferation and inhibits the apoptosis of PASMCs.     

小檗碱和壳聚糖抗蔬菜病原真菌活性测定及复合膜制备

研究了小檗碱和壳聚糖对几种常见蔬菜病原真菌的抑制活性,以及以小檗碱和壳聚糖为主料制备复合膜的方法,并测定了该膜的药物释放效果。试验表明:低浓度(0.234 mg/mL)小檗碱即可抑制辣椒炭疽病菌(Vermicularia capsici)等5种蔬菜病原真菌的生长。20 mg/mL浓度壳聚糖对番茄灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)的抑制率高达65%,而对其余4种果蔬病原真菌也有一定的抑制作用。为了集成这2种天然化合物的优点,制备了小檗碱-壳聚糖复合膜,该膜具有缓释功能,在模拟外部环境(磷酸缓冲液,pH 6.8)条件下,20 d小檗碱累计释放率接近25%,提示其在果蔬贮藏抗菌中的应用价值。     

世界及中国鳄梨产销概况与展望

依据联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)数据库、联合国商品贸易统计数据库(UN Comtrade)中的数据,围绕鳄梨种植面积、产量、迚出口市场、主产国生产情况、主要迚出口国贸易情况等斱面,对世界及中国鳄梨的生产与贸易迚行回顾、分析与展望,幵在此基础上,对中国鳄梨产业的发展提出建议。     

Storability of onion seeds and effects of packaging and storage conditions on viability and vigour

Fresh onion seeds desiccated to 6.0% seed moisture content (SMC) were stored in various packaging materials under different storage conditions. Seeds packed in aluminum-laminated pouches beside those stored with silica gel at 25 °C maintained satisfactory germinability and vigour after 12 months. Desiccated seeds stored in moisture impervious containers produced more vigourous seedlings. Germination potential of onion seeds increased with reduced SMC besides storage in moisture impervious packets along with desiccants as physiological and biochemical attributes are regulated. Seed viability and vigour decreased with accelerated ageing due to increased lipid peroxidation, decreased activities of several free radical and peroxide scavenging enzymes. Electrical conductance of seed leachates also increased with ageing. Thus, adoption of appropriate storage temperature and moisture control techniques would significantly affect onion seed quality, which was due to minimum accumulation of free peroxide radicals and enhanced activity of free radical scavenging enzymes.     

西瓜与粮油菜套种栽培试验

近年来,我省西瓜发展速度较快,到2004年全省西瓜栽培面积已达3万hm^2.由于我省耕地面积有限,大幅度扩大西瓜单种面积,不仅造成我省西瓜与粮油菜争地的矛盾,而且土地也未能得到充分有效的利用.为了解决这一生产中存在的实际问题,我们从2002年开始,进行了西瓜与粮油菜套种的栽培试验.历经4年的试验、示范,取得了显著的经济效益和社会效益.现将试验结果报告如下.     

热处理对果蔬采后品质及病虫害的影响

采后热处理是近年来快速发展的果蔬采后处理技术,广泛应用于改善果蔬贮藏期间的品质、增强抗逆性等 方面。从果蔬贮藏期间的生理生化、采后品质及防治病虫害等方面阐述了热处理的机理,讨论了热处理对果蔬衰老 方面的生理特征如色泽、风味、硬度(软化)、失重、呼吸、乙烯释放、酶活性等变化及与抗逆性有关的诱导蛋白质合成 及基因表达的影响,较全面阐述了热处理防治果蔬贮藏期间病虫害的机理如直接作用于病菌、害虫与提高果蔬的抗 病虫性等。     

陕西冬枣黑斑病和炭疽病病原菌的分离鉴定及特征比较

以大荔县冬枣种植区采集的发病枣果为试材,采用常规组织分离法进行病原菌的分离纯化,通过柯赫氏证病法则、形态学观察及分子生物学分析,研究鉴定了冬枣黑斑病和炭疽病的病原菌种类,并采用田间调查法对2种病害为害特征进行比较分析,以期为田间有效区分冬枣黑斑病和炭疽病为害症状,并快速判断其病原类型,及进一步深入开展精准防控提供参考和指导.结果表明:陕西大荔冬枣黑斑病的病原菌为细极链格孢(Alternaria tenuissima),炭疽病的病原菌为胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides).2种病害均主要为害枣果实,在枣果果腰或果肩上形成黑褐色病斑,可能同时存在且症状相近极易混淆,但在病斑表面、皮下及久置表型3个方面存在明显区别.     

钾肥在小白菜和萝卜上的施用效果

采用盆栽试验方法研究了施用钾肥对小白菜、萝卜生长发育、产量、品质及钾素含量的影响。结果表明 ,施用钾肥对小白菜和水萝卜的株高、叶片数无显著的影响 ,但可提高水萝卜块根的产量 ,提高幅度为 31.0 4 %～ 97.93%。施用钾肥可提高小白菜和萝卜的蛋白质和VC含量 ,降低硝酸盐含量 ,增加植株的钾素含量