难产母牛剖腹产术的报告

近年来,新晃县大力发展肉牛养殖,发展基础母牛群,各养殖场(户)的能繁母牛也在逐年增加。目前,我县杂交改良覆盖率约为95%,人工冷配技术不仅让养殖场(户)看到了杂交牛的优势,而且让养殖户得到了实惠。然而某些养殖户在养殖能繁母牛及其生产过程中缺乏科学饲养,杂交初生牛犊偏大,难产病例时有发生,一旦诊治不及时,     

贵州省毕节市喀斯特山区适度规模养牛模式探讨

毕节市能繁母牛比例较低,通过能繁母牛适度规模养殖模式实践,总结了喀斯特适度规模能繁母牛养殖的相关技术配套,提出了适度规模养殖能繁母牛的不同模式并进行相关实践,对喀斯特山区养牛提供了相应的技术支持。     

能繁母猪每头补贴100元 赣州市5万多养殖户受益

<正>为保证猪肉市场供应充足、价格稳定,近日江西省财政厅下拨了2011年度能繁母猪饲养补贴资金,赣州市5万多养殖户可获2628万元的补贴资金。此次赣州市补贴的对象是所有饲养能繁母猪的养殖场(户),包括规模养殖场、规模养殖户、种猪场和     

张掖肉牛标准化饲养管理技术探讨

[目的]为了提高我市肉牛生产水平,针对肉牛养殖饲养管理方面存在的问题,开展了探讨.[方法]通过对全市养殖场、养殖户肉牛养殖的现状进行了调查摸底.[结果]根据张掖肉牛特点,制订了张掖肉牛能繁母牛、架子牛、育肥牛各阶段标准化饲养管理技术规程.[结论]在全市所有养殖场、户进行推广,并做到标准上墙、上手、上口.     

2012年畜牧良种补贴项目实施指导意见

补贴对象 项目区内使用良种精液开展人工授精的母猪、奶牛、肉牛养殖场（小区、户）。 项目县内存栏能繁母羊30只、牦牛能繁母牛25头以上的养殖户。     

郓城县肉牛生产情况及问题建议

1郓城县肉牛生产历史及现状郓城县养牛历史悠久,培育出了优良地方品种-鲁西黄牛,2000年之前养牛的用途主要是役用,以一家一户散养为主,全县牛存栏大约10万头。2000年以后,农业机械化逐渐普及,牛的役用功能被逐步替代,散养户减少,牛存栏量逐渐降低,但出现了部分小规模养殖肉牛场户,并且养殖规模越来越大,养殖场数量越来越多。截止到2020年上半年,全县存栏肉牛4.8万头,全县最大规模存栏1400头,200头以上规模场38个,100头以上规模场近百家,规模场基本上为异地购买育肥,规模场能繁母牛数量偏少,200头以上规模场存栏18876头,其中繁母牛仅390头。当前郓城县活牛价格为35.6元/kg,按购进体重175 kg/头犊牛11000元,饲养10个月,饲料防疫工时等费用5300元,出栏体重600 kg计,每头出栏牛利润为5060元。     

规模化母牛养殖场繁殖成活率提升的技术措施

随着母牛养殖规模化程度的提高,规模化母牛养殖场繁殖问题亟显突出。本文拟从能繁母牛体况评分、分群管理、发情鉴定、人工授精、妊娠诊断、围产期饲养管理、犊牛护理、繁殖计划以及消毒和防疫方面技术要点进行分析,提高能繁母牛繁殖成活率,提升犊牛的质量,促进国内肉牛产业的健康可持续发展。     

湖北:恩施市畜牧兽医局积极开展能繁母牛摸底核查工作

<正>为进一步落实肉牛能繁母牛奖励政策,有效保护母牛生产能力,促进肉牛生产。近日,恩施市畜牧兽医局积极开展能繁母牛摸底核查工作。据了解,该局组织4个工作专班对全市17个乡镇办养牛(场)户的能繁母牛进行为期5 d的摸底核查。此次核查工作通过入户走访、实地查看的方式,对照收集的基础数据,对存栏能繁母牛10头以上(含10头)的养殖(场)户、专业合作社,按照"八见"(即见证、见     

农业农村部:将肉牛养殖保险纳入国家政策性保险

一、关于尽快出台牛产业饲草料种植补贴和肉牛能繁母牛补贴政策 农业农村部高度重视肉牛产业发展,积极争取政策支持,着力解决优质饲草供应不足和能繁母牛存栏增速趋缓问题.2015年起,中央财政安排资金实施粮改饲政策,以北方农牧交错带为重点,支持牛羊养殖场(户)和饲草专业化服务组织,收储青贮玉米、苜蓿、燕麦草等优质饲草.主产省区依托粮改饲政策实施,充分发挥经营主体示范带动作用,积极推进饲草规模化种植和标准化加工,产业链条不断延伸,产业化水平持续提高,草食畜牧业优质饲草供应能力明显提升."十三五"期间,粮改饲累计实施面积6830万亩,支持收储优质饲草1.9亿吨.2021年,中央财政安排资金在内蒙古等农牧交错带所在省份,选择产业基础相对较好的肉牛养殖大县支持开展基础母牛扩群提质,对饲养基础母牛的养殖场户给予适当补助,调动母牛养殖积极性,增加肉牛架子牛供应.     

能繁母牛补贴政策满意度及其影响因素研究——基于农户视角

能繁母牛补贴政策是促进我国肉牛养殖业发展的基础,国家于2013年出台了能繁母牛补贴政策,主要采取见犊补母、母牛规模养殖补贴等方式进行落实,这对于夯实肉牛养殖业基础、支持肉牛养殖业发展具有重要意义。笔者基于2016—2017年国家肉牛产业技术体系综合试验站的养殖户调查数据,采用有序Logistic模型,从养殖户的视角出发,研究母牛补贴政策实施的满意度及其影响因素。结果表明:养殖户生产经营特征中从事养殖时间、地形、投资回报率和能繁母牛存栏量以及政策支持特征中的是否得到能繁母牛补贴对肉牛养殖产生显著影响,并提出应从能繁母牛补贴政策、农户生产经营以及政府政策支持方面入手完善能繁母牛补贴政策以提升农户满意度。     

呼和浩特市周边地区奶牛球虫病流行病学调查

作者采用常规粪便漂浮法,对呼和浩特市周边地区奶牛养殖牧场、养殖小区和养殖农户的约3000头奶牛进行了球虫病流行病学调查。经过统计分析结果如下:奶牛球虫病总平均感染率为9.54%,其中犊牛的平均感染率最高,为17.59%,育成牛的平均感染率为10.62%,青年牛的平均感染率为7.68%,泌乳期牛的平均感染率为2.28%;养殖农户奶牛球虫病平均感染率最高为14.58%,最低为7.39%;养殖牧场奶牛球虫病平均感染率最高为6.67%,最低为2.73%;养殖农户奶牛球虫病平均感染率,均高于养殖牧场和养殖小区奶牛球虫病的平均感染率。经过初步形态学鉴定,该地区优势虫种为邱氏艾美耳球虫(E zurnii)、牛艾美耳球虫(Ebovis)和阿沙卡等孢球虫(isospora akscaica)3种。     

奶肉牛规模养殖场粪污处理基础设施建造技术要点

临夏市依托地处农牧过渡地带、兰州1 h都市经济圈等区位优势,不断调整畜牧产业发展结构,积极鼓励和引导农户发展规模化养殖,近年来,以中小型规模养殖为主的肉牛等草食畜短期异地育肥产业发展迅速,经济效益稳步增长,但是,养殖场粪污处理和环境保护工作也出现了很多的问题和困难,因此,笔者结合当地养殖业现状和规模养殖场粪污处理工作实际,总结了一套粪污处理基础设施建造技术,仅供广大养殖场户和同行参考。     

陕西畜牧业节水养殖现状及建议

陕西省是畜牧养殖大省,畜牧养殖对该省的农民脱贫致富和经济增长起到重要的推动作用。近年来,随着畜牧养殖规模化、集约化发展,水资源短缺已成为制约畜牧业可持续发展的瓶颈问题。畜牧节水技术的推广实施是解决这一难题的重要举措,能进一步发掘畜牧养殖业的节水潜力,进而推动畜牧业现代化发展,助理力乡村战略实施。本文主要介绍了陕西省畜牧业发展现状、畜牧节水方面存在的问题及相关畜牧节水技术,并对畜牧节水的推广提出几点建议。希望能让更多的人了解畜牧节水,关注畜牧节水,践行畜牧节水。     

规模奶牛场与农户奶牛养殖效益比较

本文通过对规模奶牛场与农户奶牛养殖效益的对比分析,指出了新创办规模型奶 牛场的劣势和风险,建议政府应把扶持奶牛养殖农户作为现阶段发展奶牛业的重点。     

Dairy farmers' attitudes and intentions towards improving dairy cow foot health

Dairy cow foot health is a subject of concern because it is considered to be the most important welfare problem in dairy farming and causes economic losses for the farmer. In order to improve dairy cow foot health it is important to take into account the attitude and intention of dairy farmers. In our study the objective was to gain insight into the attitude and intention of dairy farmers to take action to improve dairy cow foot health and determine drivers and barriers to take action, using the Theory of Planned Behavior. Five hundred Dutch dairy farmers were selected randomly and were invited by email to fill in an online questionnaire. The questionnaire included questions about respondents' intentions, attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control and was extended with questions about personal normative beliefs. With information from such a framework, solution strategies for the improvement of dairy cow foot health can be proposed. The results showed that almost 70% of the dairy farmers had an intention to take action to improve dairy cow foot health. Most important drivers seem to be the achievement of better foot health with cost-effective measures. Possible barriers to taking action were labor efficiency and a long interval between taking action and seeing an improvement in dairy cow foot health. The feed advisor and foot trimmer seemed to have most influence on intentions to take action to improve dairy cow foot health. Most farmers seemed to be satisfied with the foot health status at their farm, which probably weakens the intention for foot health improvement, especially compared to other issues which farmers experience as more urgent. Subclinical foot disorders (where cows are not visibly lame) were not valued as important with respect to animal welfare. Furthermore, 25% of the respondents did not believe cows could suffer pain. Animal welfare, especially the provision of good care for the cows, was valued as important but was not related to intention to improve dairy cow foot health. The cost-effectiveness of measures seemed to be more important. Providing more information on the effects of taking intervention measures might stimulate farmers to take action to achieve improvement in dairy cow foot health.     

Questionnaire survey on urban and peri-urban livestock farming practices and disease control in Kisumu municipality, Kenya

To characterise the urban livestock keeping practices and constraints in Kisumu municipality, Kenya, a questionnaire survey was carried out. Thirty-four contact farmers were interviewed on general farm characteristics and production constraints. The farming activities were categorised as either livestock only (41%), or mixed crops and livestock (59%). The surveyed farmers kept mainly cattle (100%), chickens (82%) and goats (74%). Most (94%) of the farmers had kept livestock for prolonged periods mainly for income generation (97%) and domestic consumption (59%). These data show that livestock keeping was popular and could be harnessed to increase food security, although the farmers kept mainly low-producing indigenous cattle (98%) which were grazed on unutilised land. The main production constraints mentioned by farmers included diseases (100%), poor fertility (68%) and lack of feed (56%). The diseases varied with species of ruminants and included lumpy skin disease (71%), diarrhoea (65%) and helminthosis (62%). The source of advice on management and treatment of the livestock was almost equally from private and government veterinary personnel. To improve livestock productivity, it is recommended that key stakeholders address the constraints mentioned in this study and in particular that the occurrence of diseases should be investigated with a view to developing sustainable control strategies.     

湖南农区养殖户牧草周年供青技术

牧草是农区养殖户养殖业发展的物质基础。文章介绍牧草周年供青技术,以确保该技术能为农区养殖户一年四季均衡、连续地提供饲料来源,对于促进农区养殖产业发展、扩大养殖规模具有重要意义。     

Farming strategies in organic dairy farming: Effects on breeding goal and choice of breed. An explorative study

Organic farming principles give rise to multifunctionality: different activities are combined at farm level to create ecological and economic synergies. These principles do however allow for different operationalisations and different farm development strategies, for example with regard to the use of external inputs or the decision whether or not to use advanced breeding technologies such as artificial insemination. Maintaining and improving diversity are therefore characteristic to organic farming. Since organic farming took off in the early 1990 s, many specialised dairy farms which tend to be more mono-functional in nature, have converted to organic, adding a new farming strategy to the diverse collection of farming strategies in organic dairy farming. All these farming strategies actually create different organic production environments for cows, which might result in different demands on selective breeding and breeding technology. This differential demand was explored in a survey, among 151 organic dairy farmers, on general farm strategy, milk production, breeding goal, choice of breed and approach to reproduction. Farmers were divided into one of two groups on each of three strategic options: a) diversification in farm business—Specialised Dairy Farming vs. Multifunctional Farming; b) intensity of milk production—Low Input vs. High Input Farming and c) naturalness of breeding—Farming with Artificial Insemination vs. Farming with Natural Service.A pair-wise comparison within each strategic option showed that each pair differed significantly with regard to farm characteristics, farm goal and animal production goals. However, there were only minor or no significant differences within each pair with regard to overall breeding goal. For each strategic option, big differences were found within each pair as regards preferred cattle breeds and crossbreeds. Farmers in the Specialised Dairy Farming and High Input Farming groups preferred milk-type cattle (Holstein and Holstein crossbreeds), while farmers in the Multifunctional Farming and Low Input Farming groups preferred various native Dutch breeds. But even farmers with a similar strategy (within one group) differed strongly in their choice of breeds and crossbreeds. These results indicate that organic farmers are going through process of learning by doing, experimenting as they search for breeds or crossbreeds that are optimally suited to their farm environment and that best agree with their farm development strategy. In this, the growing preference for keeping bulls on the farm for natural service is remarkable.     

Economic consequences of immediate or delayed insemination of a cow in oestrus

Most dairy farmers are not certain whether immediate insemination or delaying the insemination is the best economic decision for a cow in oestrus. A model was developed for determining, based on herd and cow characteristics, the economic consequences of immediate or delayed insemination. The model was based on literature information and expert knowledge. In the model, the oestrus detection and conception rates were made cow-specific. The utility of the model was illustrated using a standard cow and data on 90 cows in oestrus (provided by 10 Dutch dairy farmers). The model suggested that for the majority of cows, the best decision is to immediately inseminate the cow in oestrus, but for most heifers with a flatter lactation curve the best decision was to delay the insemination. The economic effect of delaying the insemination was however small, on average -€18 per cow per year. Immediate insemination of an individual cow did result in relatively low economic benefits, but for a whole herd they can be substantial. This model can be used by farmers to help making the best economic decision for a cow in oestrus.