单克隆抗体在动物衣原体病血清诊断上的应用

采用淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术，研制出的抗衣原体单克隆抗体，应用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）方法，对本地区所采得的231份猪血清，128份羊血清，90份牛血清进行检测，结果：猪血清阳性检出率为30．7％，羊为25．8％，牛为32．2％；选猪、羊、牛血清各50份，用已建立的检测衣原体抗体ELISA方法与的间接血凝试验（IHA）进行比较，猪血清ELISA阳性检出率为30％，IHA为26％，ELISA比IHA试验高出4个百分点。牛血清ELISA阳性检出率为32％，IHA为24％，ELISA比IHA试验高出8个百分点。羊血清ELISA阳性检出率为26％，IHA为22％，ELISA比IHA高出4个百分点。     

衣原体单克隆抗体在羊血清诊断上的应用

采用淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术，研制出的抗衣原体单克隆抗体，应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法，对本地区所采用的698份羊血清进行检测，羊血清阳性检出率为22．06％，选择50份羊血清用已建立的检测衣原体抗体ELISA方法与传统的间接血凝试验(IHA)进行比较，其敏感性高。羊血清ELISA阳性检出率为26％，IHA为22％，前者比IHA高出4个百分点。     

规模化牛场奶牛衣原体和布鲁菌病相关抗体的检测分析

为检测并分析银川地区规模化牛场牛衣原体和布鲁菌病的相关抗体,采用鹦鹉热衣原体McAb-ELISA方法和布鲁菌虎红平板凝集试验(RBPT)方法进行特异性检测,应用McAb-ELISA方法与传统的IHA试验方法分别对同样50份待检牛血清进行衣原体抗体的比较检测。结果表明,银川地区的16个牛场1 161份牛血清衣原体总的阳性率为9.22%。布鲁菌的血清阳性率为13.26%。对50份牛血清采用2种试验方法同时进行衣原体抗体检测,ELISA阳性检出率为32%,IHA为24%。McAb-ELISA比IHA的特异性强。     

衣原体单克隆抗体在牛羊血清诊断上的应用

采用淋巴细胞亲交瘤技术，研制出的抗衣原体单克隆抗体，应用酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）方法，对本地区所采集的１２８份羊血清、９０份牛血清进行检测，结果，羊血清阳性检出率为２５．８％，牛血清阳性检出率为３２．２％，选择５０份羊血清、５０份牛血清用已建立的检测衣原体抗体ＥＬＩＳＡ与间接血凝试验（ＩＨＡ）进行比较，牛血清ＥＬＩＳＡ阳性检出率为３２．０％，ＩＨＡ为２４．０％，ＥＬＩＳＡ比ＩＨＡ试验高出８个百分点；羊血清ＥＬＩＳＡ阳性检出率为２６．０％，ＩＨＡ为２２．０％，ＥＬＩＳＡ比ＩＨＡ高出４个百分点。     

门源县东西部地区牛羊衣原体病的血清学调查

应用衣原体间接血凝实验(IHA)对来自青海省门源县东部地区的200份牛血清、200份羊血清进行了衣原体间接血凝抗体试验的检测。结果检出:牛阳性血清16份,血清阳性率为8.0%;羊阳性血清35份,血清阳性率为17.5%;说明在该县东西部地区的牛羊群中存在衣原体病的感染。     

共和县牛羊衣原体病血清学调查

2012-2015年间,为掌握共和县牛羊衣原体病的感染情况,应用间接血凝(IHA)试验对牛血清1200份、羊血清1650份进行了衣原体病血清学检测,检出牛阳性血清99份,阳性率为8.25%,羊阳性血清216份,阳性率为13.09%。结果表明共和地区牛羊群中有衣原体病感染,并呈逐年上升趋势。     

羊流产嗜衣原体病和弓形虫病IHA与ELISA诊断方法的比较

通过比较研究羊流产嗜衣原体与弓形虫抗体的间接血凝试验(IHA)与酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测结果,选择适宜贵州省山羊流产血清学调查的检测方法。通过IHA和ELISA两种方法对贵州省195份山羊血清进行羊流产嗜衣原体与弓形虫抗体的检测,统计并分析两种疫病的阳性符合率、阴性符合率和总符合率。结果表明,羊流产嗜衣原体与弓形虫IHA与ELISA的总符合率分别为77.95%和78.97%,阳性符合率均仅为50%,阴性符合率为80.45%和79.27%。说明在检测两种疫病血清抗体方面,IHA比ELISA更适合在贵州省基层推广。     

环湖海北牧区牛羊衣原体病血清学调查

应用衣原体间接血凝试验(IHA),对采自海北四县的1223份羊血清、1410份牛血清,进行了衣原体病的血清学检测,结果共检出阳性羊血清91份,阳性率为7.44%,阳性牛血清35份,阳性率为2.48%。结果表明环湖海北州境内牛羊衣原体分布地区广,感染率高,是引起牛羊流产危害畜牧业生产的主要因素之一。     

共和县牛羊衣原体病血清学调查

为掌握共和县牛羊衣原体病的感染情况,2012~2014年,应用间接血凝(IHA)试验对牛血清900份、羊血清1150份进行了衣原体病血清学检测,检出牛血清阳性34份,阳性率为3.78%,羊血清阳性105份,阳性率为9.13%。结果表明共和地区牛羊群中有衣原体病感染,并有逐年上升趋势。     

青海省刚察县牛羊衣原体病血清学调查

应用衣原体间接血凝试验(IHA),对青海省刚察县的三个乡4136牛羊血清进行了衣原体病的血清学调查,结果检出羊阳性血清5份,阳性率为0.03%,牛阳性血清28份,阳性率为1.29%。     

Comparison of in vitro and in situ methods in evaluation of forage digestibility in ruminants

The objective of this study was to compare the application of different in vitro and in situ methods in empirical and mechanistic predictions of in vivo OM digestibility (OMD) and their associations to near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy spectra for a variety of forages. Apparent in vivo OMD of silages made from alfalfa (n = 2), corn (n = 9), corn stover (n = 2), grass (n = 11), whole crops of wheat and barley (n = 8) and red clover (n = 7), and fresh alfalfa (n = 1), grass hays (n = 5), and wheat straws (n = 5) had previously been determined in sheep. Concentrations of indigestible NDF (iNDF) in all forage samples were determined by a 288-h ruminal in situ incubation. Gas production of isolated forage NDF was measured by in vitro incubations for 72 h. In vitro pepsin-cellulase OM solubility (OMS) of the forages was determined by a 2-step gravimetric digestion method. Samples were also subjected to a 2-step determination of in vitro OMD based on buffered rumen fluid and pepsin. Further, rumen fluid digestible OM was determined from a single 96-h incubation at 38°C. Digestibility of OM from the in situ and the in vitro incubations was calculated according to published empirical equations, which were either forage specific or general (1 equation for all forages) within method. Indigestible NDF was also used in a mechanistic model to predict OMD. Predictions of OMD were evaluated by residual analysis using the GLM procedure in SAS. In vitro OMS in a general prediction equation of OMD did not display a significant forage-type effect on the residuals (observed - predicted OMD; P = 0.10). Predictions of OMD within forage types were consistent between iNDF and the 2-step in vitro method based on rumen fluid. Root mean square error of OMD was least (0.032) when the prediction was based on a general forage equation of OMS. However, regenerating a simple regression for iNDF by omitting alfalfa and wheat straw reduced the root mean square error of OMD to 0.025. Indigestible NDF in a general forage equation predicted OMD without any bias (P ≥ 0.16), and root mean square error of prediction was smallest among all methods when alfalfa and wheat straw samples were excluded. Our study suggests that compared with the in vitro laboratory methods, iNDF used in forage-specific equations will improve overall predictions of forage in vivo OMD. The in vitro and in situ methods performed equally well in calibrations of iNDF or OMD by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy.     

大庆市羊东毕吸虫病流行病学调查

对大庆市羊东毕吸虫病的流行病学进行了调查研究。结果表明，大庆有3种东毕吸虫，即程氏东毕吸虫（O.cheni)、土耳其斯坦东毕吸虫（O.turkestanica)和土耳斯坦东毕吸虫结节变种（O.turkestanican var.thuberculata)；中间宿主螺类有1种，即卵萝卜螺；东毕吸虫病在大庆分布很广，所调查的4区2县均有发生，羊东毕吸虫平均感染率分别为50．33％，平均死亡率为21．12％，大庆羊急性病例发病时间为8月上旬至10月下旬，慢性病例为11月上旬至翌年2月中旬。     

ELISA试验在防制猪伪狂犬病中的应用

猪伪狂犬病是由伪狂病病毒(Pseudorabies virus PRV)引起的急性传染病。其特征是成年猪常为隐性感染，可有流产、死胎、呼吸系统症状，新生仔猪除神经症状外还可侵害消化系统，并伴大批死亡。本病已经给全世界的养猪业造成严重的损失，我国许多地区已报道该病。为进一步探讨该病的控制、净化措施，我们对12个养猪场共856分血清采用美国嗍公司的ELISA试剂盒进行了抗体检测。     

Estimate of economic impact of fowl cholera in turkeys in Georgia in 1986

Information gathered from cases of fowl cholera (FC) in commercial turkey flocks through case records, flock records, and telephone and mail surveys was used to estimate disease costs. The cost to the Georgia commercial turkey industry in 1986 from preventive measures, treatment of outbreaks, and production losses from the disease was estimated at $634,545. The cost of FC per kg of live production was estimated to be $0.015.     

中国圈养野生动物疫苗使用调查

2005年对中国动物园协会单位中的18家动物园饲养野生动物疫苗免疫情况进行调查。受调查动物园在野生动物疫苗使用和动物种类方面具有一定的代表性。调查结果显示动物园动物现共使用18类36种疫苗,预防31种疫病。其中哺乳动物使用14类24种疫苗,预防24种疫病;禽类使用4类12种疫苗,预防7种疫病。使用范围最广的有禽流感、犬瘟热疫苗等、新城疫疫苗、猫瘟热疫苗等。共有24目58科动物接种疫苗,其中食肉动物类1目8科,食草动物类3目9科,杂食动物类2目3科,禽类18目38科。研究结果提示应加强动物园之间疫病信息交流、防疫资源的利用、疫病监测和研究,加大对动物园动物疫病的研究投入,逐步建立动物园动物统一的防疫规程。     

Use of cyclocryotherapy in management of glaucoma in dogs

In 5 cases of glaucoma (2 from trauma, 2 from narrowed drainage angles, 1 secondary to lens extraction), cyclocryotherapy was used to control intraocular pressure. In all cases the intraocular pressure decreased, with the usual result being a cosmetic and painless but blind eye.     

Efficacy of parvaquone in the treatment of naturally occurring theileriosis in cattle in Iraq

Summary Parvaquone was tested in cattle infected withTheileria annulata when they were presented at clinics in the vicinity of Baghdad. Out of over 200 cases presented with suspected theileriosis between July 1984 and July 1985, the drug was used in 45 cases where theileriosis was confirmed by microscopic examination of blood and lymph node biopsy smears. Twenty seven of the cases were considered mild and 18 cases severe. Weights of the cattle were estimated and parvaquone was administered by intramuscular injection at a nominal dose of 20 mg/kg. A single treatment with parvaquone was used in 25 cases and 20 cases were treated twice but there was no correlation between severity of disease and the number of treatments given. Twelve cases (27%) also received antibacterial therapy. All cases were in exotic cattle or cattle born from exotic (imported) cattle and 64% of the cases were in cattle under six months of age. Temperatures dropped immediately after treatment and the majority were normal (below 39.5°C) by two to three days after the first treatment. Of the 45 cases treated 43 recovered. This compares very favourably with a previously reported mortality of 66% in untreated imported cattle in Iraq.

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Eficacia Del Parvaquone En El Tratamiento De La Theilerosis Natural En Ganado En Iraq

Resumen Se trató ganado infectado conTheileria annulata en forma natural con parvaquone, en clínicas veterinarias localizadas en la vecindad de Baghdad. De 200 casos admitidos con sospecha de theileriosis, entre julio 1984 y julio 1985, la droga se usó en 45 casos confirmados mediante el examen microscópico de frotis de sangre y biopsias de ganglios linfáticos. Veintisiete de los casos se consideraron moderados y 18 casos severos. Se estimaron los pesos de los animales enfermos, suministrandoles parvaquone vía intramuscular en dosis nominales de 20 mg/kg (rango 16–35 mg/kg). Se utilizó un solo tratamiento con parvaquone en 25 casos clínicos, mediante la aplicación de una sola inyección y se aplicaron dos inyecciones en 20 casos (doble tratamiento), sin que se encontrara correlación alguna entre la severidad de la enfermedad, recuperación y número de tratamientos. Doce casos (27%) recibieron también algún tratamiento antibacteriano. Todos los casos de theileriosis se presentaron en ganado exótico o nacido de ganado exótico (importado) y 64% de los casos ocurrieron en ganado bajo los seis meses de edad. La temperatura bajó inmediatamente después del tratamiento, normalizándose dos o tres días después de tratamiento (bajo 39.5°C). De los 45 casos tratados 43 se recuperaron. Se informa una mortalidad previa de 60% en ganado importado no tratado contra theileriosis en Iraq.

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Efficacite De La Parvaquone Pour Le Traitement De La Theileriose Naturelle Des Bovins En Irak

Résumé La parvaquone a été essayée pour le traitement de bovins infectés parTheileria annulata lorsqu'ils étaient présentés aux cliniques des environs de Bagdad. Sur plus de 200 cas présentés pour suspicion de theilériose entre juillet 1984 et juillet 1985, le médicament a été utilisé dans 45 cas où la theilériose était confirmée par l'examen microscopique du sang et de biopsies de ganglions lymphatiques, 27 cas étaient considérés comme des atteintes modérées et 18 comme des cas graves. Les poids des animaux étaient estimés à l'oeil et la parvaquone administrée par voie intra-musculaire à la dose normale de 20 mg/kg (soit 16 à 35 mg/kg). Un traitement unique à la parvaquone a été pratiqué dans 25 cas et il a du être renouvelé dans 20 cas mais il n'y avait pas corrélation entre la gravité des symptômes et le nombre de traitements requis. Dans 12 cas (27%) une thérapie antibactérienne a également été mise en oeuvre. Tous les malades étaient des animaux importés ou issus d'animaux importés et dans 64% des cas les animaux étaient âgés de moins de 6 mois. Les températures ont chuté immédiatement après le traitement et, pour la plupart, étaient normales (moins de 39°5) deux à trois jours après le traitement—sur 45 animaux traités, 43 ont guéri. Ces résultats apparaissent très favorables par rapport à la mortalité de 66% rapportée antérieurement et affectant les bovins non traités en Irak.