潍坊有了国家级水产种质资源保护区

根据《渔业法》和《中国水生生物资源养护行动纲要》精神和要求,近日,农业部第一次批准并对外公布了40个国家级水产种质资源保护区。潍坊市莱州湾单环刺蜢、近江牡蛎水产种质资源保护区榜上有名,这也是潍坊市第一个国家级水产种质资源保护区。     

湖北省国家级水产种质资源保护区建设进展

水产种质资源是水生生物资源的重要组成部分和渔业发展的物质基础,划定保护区是保护和合理利用水产种质资源的重要措施之一。2007-2014年湖北省已分8批划定了国家级水产种质资源保护区62处。总结了国家级水产种质资源保护区的水域类型、主要保护对象及区域分布特点,分析了目前水产种质资源保护区划定和建设管理中存在的一些问题,提出了促进保护区建设和保护工作的几点建议。     

江苏省内陆水域国家级水产种质资源保护区建设现状及展望

水产种质资源是水生生物资源的重要组成部分和渔业发展的物质基础,属于国家的重要战略资源,划定水产种质资源保护区是保护水产种质资源及其栖息环境的重要措施之一。文章概述了江苏省内陆水域国家级水产种质资源保护区建设过程及现状,总结了水产种质资源保护区的水域类型、面积大小及保护对象种类,指出水产种质资源保护区建设和管理中存在的一些问题,并就水产种质资源保护区的未来发展提出了措施建议。     

农业部新建63个国家级水产种质资源保护区

为加强水生生物资源养护和水产种质资源保护,进一步贯彻落实《中国水生生物资源养护行动纲要》,依据《渔业法》,农业部于2008年12月22日审定公布（农业部公告1130号）63个国家级水产种质资源保护区（第二批）。     

农业部新建63个国家级水产种质资源保护区

为加强水生生物资源养护和水产种质资源保护，进一步贯彻落实《中国水生生物资源养护行动纲要》，依据《渔业法》，农业部于2008年12月22日审定公布（农业部公告1130号）63个国家级水产种质资源保护区（第二批）。     

吉林省保护区鱼类资源调查及分布格局

吉林省生态环境多样,水域和水生生物资源丰富,已建立的国家级水产种质资源保护区在保存水产种质资源基因库,保护珍稀濒危鱼类及其栖息地,促进渔业可持续发展等方面发挥了重要作用。本研究采用叠图法、数理统计等方法对保护区的数量、结构、保护对象和空间分布等基本现状进行了识别、分析、制图和评价。至2016年底,吉林省共建有水产种质资源保护区27处,主要分布在鸭绿江、图们江和松花江干支流水域,总面积达4622 km2,共保护水生生物种类62种,初步形成了水域类型较齐全,空间分布较均匀的鱼类栖息地保护格局。最后分析了目前吉林省水产种质资源保护区在物种保护、结构布局和功能区划协调性等方面的科学性和有效性,并提出了相关的建议,以期为水产种质资源保护区体系的建设与完善提供科学依据。     

徽水河水产种质资源保护区建设成效与思考

水产种质资源保护区,是指为保护水产种质资源及其生存环境,在具有较高经济价值和遗传育种价值的水产种质资源的主要生长繁育区域,依法划定并予以特殊保护和管理的水域、滩涂及其毗邻的岛礁、陆域,是经农业部及地方各级政府批准设立的特殊水生生物资源保护区。其在维护水生生物多样性、国家水域生态安全、进行相关科学研究中起到极为重要的作用。位于安徽省旌德县境内的徽水河特有鱼类国家级水产种质资源保护区是农业     

首批国家级水产种质资源保护区公布

根据《渔业法》和《中国水生生物资源养护行动纲要》，农业部于日前公布了国家级水产种质资源保护区（第一批）。这是农业部第一次批准并对外公布国家级水产种质资源保护区名单。首批保护区共有40个，覆盖了我国渤海、黄海、东海和南海的海湾、岛礁、滩涂等生态类型。天津市近海在内的渤海湾的中国对虾、梭子蟹等水产种质名列其中。     

遵义市水产种质资源保护区建设与管理的思考

贵州省有独特的喀斯特地貌,由复杂多样的水系组成,孕育着丰富的水产种质资源。近年来,随着经济发展、工程建设和旅游的开发,水域生态环境破坏日渐严重,渔业资源岌岌可危,保护水生生物资源刻不容缓。水产种质资源保护区的建设对水生生物资源保护和恢复起到了积极作用,本文就遵义市水产种质资源保护区建设与管理工作现状及存在的问题进行阐述,并提出相关的建议与思考。     

农业部公布首批国家级水产种质资源保护区

根据《渔业法》和《中国水生生物资源养护行动纲要》，农业部于日前公布了国家级水产种质资源保护区（第一批）。这是农业部第一次批准并对外公布国家级水产种质资源保护区名单。首批保护区共有40个，覆盖了我国渤海、黄海、东海和南海的海湾、岛礁、滩涂等生态类型，以及珠江、长江、黄河、黑龙江等水系的河流、湖泊等生态系统，初步形成了分布广泛、具有典型性和影响力的水产种质资源保护区网络。     

Making agricultural landscapes more sustainable for freshwater biodiversity: a case study from southern England

• 1. Agriculture is known to have a range of deleterious impacts on freshwater habitats and biota and many countries have introduced measures to attempt to mitigate these impacts through agri‐environment initiatives. Despite the protection they provide, water bodies (any discrete body of surface fresh water) in farmland landscapes commonly remain impaired by agriculture. In some areas of the UK there have been calls to halt farming completely, indicating that the measures offered for the widespread protection of aquatic systems, particularly the use of buffer strips, may not be extensive enough to provide sufficient protection for freshwater biota.
• 2. This study investigated whether existing agri‐environment measures for the widespread protection of aquatic habitats could be better deployed to provide a higher level of protection for the aquatic macrophytes and macroinvertebrates of a study area in southern England.
• 3. Reserve selection procedures were used to reallocate the area of land that could be remunerated under the Environmental Stewardship scheme as buffer strips bordering water bodies, so that a higher level of protection was provided for both the richness and rarity of aquatic species in the study area.
• 4. Almost 395 ha were available for reallocation in the reserve selection process, which was found to provide a satisfactory level of protection for up to 90% of the surveyed species.
• 5. The results showed that the agri‐environment scheme in England has a great deal of potential to provide more effective protection for the aquatic biodiversity of agricultural landscapes if measures are targeted.

Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

三沙湾生态环境及水产品卫生质量的研究

海域良好的水质、底质环境是水产养殖生物生存的必要条件，海域环境质量直接影响到养殖生物的健康生长和水产品的食用安全。开展港湾海域的水质、底质环境质量监测调查，对促进环境保护，发展健康水产养殖业具有重要意义。本文依据2003年福建三沙湾海区的监测资料与历史资料对照，分析并评价该海区的环境质量和水产品的食用安全，为研究三沙湾海域的养殖生物的卫生状况和食用安全提供依据。     

Selecting areas to protect the biodiversity of aquatic ecosystems in a semiarid Mediterranean region using water beetles

• 1. In this work, carried out in the province of Murcia, a representative semi‐arid area of the Iberian Peninsula, water beetles were used as indicators to identify the aquatic ecosystems with the highest interest for conservation. For that purpose, an iterative algorithm of complementarity based on the richness of aquatic Coleoptera was applied. ‘Complementarity’ refers to the degree to which an area, or set of areas, contributes otherwise unrepresented attributes to a set of areas. This principle was used to maximize the number of species represented within a given number of areas.
• 2. Only the species subsets whose taxonomic status, presence and distribution in the study area are well known were used. In total, 146 species were included, of which 12 are Iberian endemics and 32 are rare species (found only in one grid cell in the study area).
• 3. The highest correlation was generally shown by species richness with endemic, rare and vulnerable species richness. Thus, basing conservation strategies on species richness appears to be an effective protocol.
• 4. To preserve the highest degree of biodiversity in the aquatic ecosystems of the study area, the following need to be protected: (a) headwater streams in the north west of the province; (b) the uppermost reaches of the Segura River; (c) hypersaline and coastal ramblas; (d) rock pools and coastal ponds.
• 5. The present network of Protected Natural Spaces in the study area does not include many of the aquatic ecosystems shown to have the highest biodiversity of beetles. However, the future European ‘Natura 2000’ network will protect the 10 grid cells of highest aquatic biodiverstity, or at least part of them.

Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

陕西省丹江武关河省级自然保护区水生生物生态分布及其多样性

于2008年4月至2009年5月之间,对武关河自然保护区附近流域的水生生物种群进行了调查,分析该区域的自然概况和水生生物的种群、分布及多样性情况。从位置、地质地貌、气候、河流、土壤等方面,发现该处自然条件优越,为生物种群生存提供天然场所。据初步统计,该区域水生生物有浮游植物7门39属,浮游动物共15种,大型甲壳动物和软体动物6种,水生昆虫9种,鱼类35种,两栖动物4种,哺乳动物1种。并总结了全年水质变化情况和水生态系统的内部关系,为今后的进一步调查做一参考。     

3D conservation planning: Including aquifer protection in freshwater plans refines priorities without much additional effort

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黑水河鱼类优先保护次序的定量分析

在金沙江下游干流大规模水电开发的背景下,干流开发与支流保护是生态环境保护的有效措施;黑水河是白鹤滩库区鱼类的优先保护支流,确定其鱼类优先保护次序和保护物种是进行鱼类栖息地修复和保护工作的首要任务和前提基础。在野外调查和查阅相关文献资料的基础上,运用濒危系数、遗传价值系数和物种价值系数对黑水河35种鱼类进行优先保护次序的定量分析,并结合黑水河栖息地实际情况,确定保护目标鱼类。结果显示,达到黑水河一级保护的鱼类只有1种,为长江上游特有鱼类长薄鳅（Leptobotia elongata）;达到二级保护的种类有12种,其中昆明裂腹鱼（Schizothorax grahami）、黄石爬鮡（Euchiloglanis kishinouyei）、短须裂腹鱼（Schizothorax wangchiachii）和长鳍吻鮈（Rhinogobio ventralis）为长江上游特有鱼类;处于三级保护的鱼类有17种,其中钝吻棒花鱼（Abbottina obtusirostris）和张氏?（Hemiculter tchangi）是长江上游特有鱼类;四级保护鱼类有5种,其中短体副鳅（Paracobitis potanini）为长江上游特有鱼类,评价结果基本反映了黑水河鱼类的实际情况。结合白鹤滩水库蓄水后黑水河栖息地生境改变的情况,最终确定昆明裂腹鱼、黄石爬鮡、短须裂腹鱼为黑水河栖息地修复和保护的目标鱼类,长薄鳅和长鳍吻鮈为备选保护鱼类。     

Dispersal of two freshwater invasive macroinvertebrates,Procambarus clarkii and Physella acuta,by off‐road vehicles

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Conservation status of the inland aquatic crustaceans in the Yucatan Peninsula,Mexico: shortcomings of a protection strategy

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Quantifying current and future risks of invasiveness of non-native aquatic species in highly urbanised estuarine ecosystems—A case study of the River Neretva Estuary (Eastern Adriatic Sea: Croatia and Bosnia–Herzegovina)

Biological invasions are a major driver of global environmental change as invasive non-native species can exert severe environmental impacts on invaded ecosystems. Estuaries are especially vulnerable to biological invasions, which in highly urbanised areas are further facilitated by introduction pathways linked to commercial activities. This study provides a risk screening of non-native invasive species for the highly urbanised River Neretva Estuary (Eastern Adriatic Sea: Croatia and Bosnia–Herzegovina). In total, 12 species of non-native aquatic organisms were identified and screened for their invasiveness with the Aquatic Species Invasiveness Screening Kit. Of these species, eight were classified as carrying a high risk of invasiveness under current climate conditions and nine under future climate conditions. Amongst the high-risk species, blue crab Callinectes sapidus has already caused impacts in the risk assessment area, where it also represents an important economic resource. The “horizon” species Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas and Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum also carried a high risk of invasiveness, which for the latter species applied under predicted global warming. The present findings will contribute towards preventative management and control measures for the conservation of the natural ecosystem of the River Neretva Estuary whilst accounting for aquatic farming demands.