不同种植密度和施肥水平对丰花5号产量的影响

设计5个种植密度和4种施肥水平,对花生新品种山东丰花5号进行高产栽培技术研究.结果表明:不同密度和不同施肥水平对丰花5号产量影响不同,丰花5号的适宜种植密度为26.0万株/hm2,最佳施肥水平为188.0 kg/hm2的(NH4)2PO4.     

晋中旱地玉米耗水规律及农田水分平衡研究

采用中子测水技术与蒸发模拟微区相结合的农业物理学法,测得晋中旱地玉米生育期耗水量为300～350mm,其中玉米蒸腾耗水占40～50%,棵间土壤蒸发耗水占50～60%.土壤湿度越大,棵间土壤蒸发越高.浅层土壤水分蒸发较强,深层蒸发较弱.130～150cm土层蒸发几乎未波及到该层.玉米蒸腾与土壤蒸发耗水虽有一定联系,但基本上属于两个独立的过程.蒸腾与产量之间呈高度正相关.农田水分平衡状况对产量有明显的影响.     

Sludge Treatment and Energy Consumption of Urban Water Plant

This paper introduces the composition and the treatment process of sludge and energy consumption of dewaterizers in urban water treatment plant, the new development of sludge treatment techniques and the comprehensive uses of the sludge are evaluated. The calculation formulas for power consumption and economical benefit of wastewater recovery are presented with examples, offering a basis for economical evaluation to energy consumption of the technology of wastewater recovery in water works .     

白浆土大豆需水耗水特征研究

为了探讨白浆土大豆需水特点,笔者在2009-2010年采用全土层白浆土盆栽试验,研究了在白浆土特定环境条件下,大豆的耗水特征。结果表明,随着不同处理给水量的增加,大豆株高、单株干重及叶面积增加,且随生育时期推进,增幅加大;光谱反射曲线在红光及近红外光内差异明显,以1200 mm值最高;光合速率和蒸腾速率也随给水量增加而呈明显的上升趋势。综合可知,大豆各项生理指标以800~1000 mm给水处理表现最佳。     

Effect of Benzyladenine on Transpiration, Water Potential and its Components in Genotypes of Wheat Contrasting in Drought Tolerance

Drought tolerant and susceptible cultivars of wheat, C-306 and Kalyan sona, growing under non-stressed and water-stressed conditions, were sprayed with benzyladenine (BA) at 70 days after sowing (DAS). Observations recorded at 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 days after spraying revealed that BA increased the rate of transpiration (TR) in C-306 under non-stressed conditions. However, under water stress, the increase was significant only after 5 days of BA spraying. In Kalyan sona BA treatment either decreased TR or did not exhibit significant increase under non-stressed conditions, but caused significant increase in TR under water stress. The increase in TR was elicited through enhanced stomatal opening. Water potential, osmotic potential and pressure potential of both genotypes decreased on account of water stress. The effect of BA was not perceptible on restoration of leaf water potential (LWP) or its components. The effect of BA was possibly confined to stomatal behaviour and transpiration.     

土壤水分胁迫对冬小麦耗水规律及产量的影响

在温定盆栽和池栽防雨旱棚条件下，研究了土壤水胁迫对冬小麦耗水规律及产量的影响，结果表明，随土壤水分胁迫加剧，干物质积累减少，子粒千物质来自贮藏同化物的比例上升，产量下降，产量构成三因子中穗粒数，亩穗数下降均极显著，而千粒重下降较少，随水分胁迫加剧，拔节前耗水量占总耗水量的比率增高，从播种到拔节期，耗水量占总耗水量的比例愈高，拔节后植株衰老死亡愈早，产量降低就愈大，中度水分胁迫下，虽然水分生产率和经     

Characterization and Quantification of Water Stress in Wheat by Soil-Induced Plant Components

Measurements of transpiration rate (TR), leaf diffusive resistance (LDR), leaf water potential (LWP), and canopy minus air temperature (Tc-Ta) were made over four differentially irrigated plots of wheat grown at Pantnagar. The data were analysed to workout functional relationships between these plant parameters. Correlation studies yielded low values of correlation coefficients 'r'. The plotting of the data also showed wide scattering around the lines. For removing the variability of shoot environment the whole data were normalized by subtracting the values of well irrigated (unstressed) plants from the values of the stressed plants. The plotting of normalized data showed close linear relationships. The regression analysis of normalized data provides highly significant correlationships of TR Vs LDR, TR Vs LWP, TR Vs Tc, TR Vs Tc-Ta and Tc-Ta Vs LDR. It indicates that normalization of plant parameters for environmental variability is required in order to better quantify crop responses to soil water deficit.     

Analysis of Adaptability for Water Surface Heat Pumps in China Climatic Region

Based on the application characteristics of Surface Water Source Heat Pump System(WSHPs),the condition for the high efficient application of the system was expounded.Meanwhile,the distribution of water source in China Climatic Region was analyzed,and combining with the condition under which the surface water heat pump system was applied,the application feasibility of the system was explored.On the basis of the present climate division,the water source in the climate zone was analyzed comprehensively in terms of water temperature and water quality.Based on practical data,HVAC style,characteristic and condition of WSHPs,the adaptability analysis of the surface water heat pump system used in the climate zones was also given.     

Annual Energy Consumption and Feasibility Assessment of Ground -Source Heat Pump in Residential Building in Fuzhou City

This paper describes the annual energy consumption and economic assessment of air-source heat pump(ASHP) and ground-source heat pump(GSHP),based on hourly building load of typical house in Fuzhou.Analysis results show that the energy consumption of GSHP is 15% less than that of ASHP through all year,where there is 13% less in summer and 20% less in winter.Although the seasonal energy efficiency ratio of GSHP in Fuzhou is higher than that of ASHP,it has no obvious effect on the energy efficiency as it is in the hot summer and cold winter zone.In comparison with ASHP,the GSHP is not cost-effective.     

沙漠绿洲隔沟交替灌溉辣椒的耗水特征及作物系数研究

为研究交替灌溉条件下辣椒的作物系数及土壤水分变化,用水量平衡法测定辣椒各生育期耗水量及土壤水分动态,实测得到辣椒各生育期的作物系数,并将作物系数与辣椒叶面积指数回归分析,研究隔沟交替灌溉辣椒各生育期的耗水特征及作物系数。结果表明,辣椒结果盛期是耗水量最大的时期,在辣椒定植—坐果期和结果末期交替灌溉处理作物的总耗水量与对照无显著差异,但结果盛期交替灌溉的总耗水量显著减少。辣椒交替灌溉下0~60 cm土层是土壤含水量变化活跃层。交替灌溉对辣椒的作物系数有显著影响,且随亏水程度的增大作物系数减小,‘美国红’的作物系数小于‘陇椒2号’。辣椒叶面积指数与作物系数呈显著的线性正相关。     

夏秋两季露地生菜耗水规律及作物系数

为了探究云南滇中地区夏、秋两季露地生菜耗水规律及作物系数,为该区域生菜生产提供更好的灌溉保障,于2019年在云南省灌溉试验中心站大田进行了夏季和秋季生菜耗水试验。采用水量平衡、Penman-Monteith公式计算了夏、秋季露地生菜耗水规律、作物系数,分别对其耗水量的影响因素进行了通径分析。结果表明：夏季和秋季生菜全生育期耗水量分别为76.47、44.54 mm,夏季生菜团棵期、莲座期、结球期、成熟采摘期的日耗水强度分别为0.74、1.23、2.26、2.52 mm,秋季生菜分别为0.40、0.73、0.86、1.15 mm;夏季生菜各生育期作物系数分别为0.17、0.31、0.74、0.75,而秋季生菜分别为0.18、0.25、0.37、0.81;夏季生菜耗水量的主要影响因素是0~40 cm平均土壤温度和降雨量,秋季生菜耗水量的主要影响因素是0~40 cm平均土壤含水率、日照时数。该试验得出了夏、秋季生菜作物系数,为云南滇中地区生菜灌溉定额和灌溉制度的制定提供一定的科学依据。