消费者对可追溯猪肉的支付意愿及其影响因素研究——以上海、济南消费者为例

基于上海、济南的消费者问卷调查数据,以猪肉产品为例,运用二元Logit模型研究消费者对有原产地信息属性可追溯猪肉的支付意愿及其影响因素。结果显示,消费者对"可追溯食品"或"食品可追溯体系"的认知度偏低,经信息强化后大多数受访者认为相比普通猪肉可追溯猪肉更有助于保障消费者的合法权益、更有助于维护和提升企业声誉。由模型的结果可知家人支持、投标价格、家庭人均月收入、老人情况等4个变量显著影响消费者对可追溯猪肉的支付意愿,并提出应加强宣传力度提升溯源意识,完善原产地档案建立,健全监管机制,建设政府、消费者、生产经营者联合共治的额外成本分担机制等对策建议,希望可以为政府和企业的决策提供客观依据。     

水产品质量安全支付意愿影响因素分析——以上海市消费者为例

为研究消费者对水产品质量安全支付意愿的影响因素,通过对上海市消费者问卷调查数据,利用SPSS统计分析软件对消费者安全水产品支付意愿进行回归分析。结果显示：消费者的家庭月收入水平、每月在农产品上的花费、水产品的鲜活程度、质量安全以及性别因素对消费者的质量安全支付意愿有较大影响,并在此基础上提出相关建议：加大对水产品质量安全的宣传及推广;增加对认证水产品的补贴;健全质量安全保障体系。

     

消费者网购生鲜农产品态度及意愿研究——基于北京市的实证调查

为了搞清楚消费者网购生鲜农产品消费行为,本研究在TAM理论的基础上,构建了消费者网购生鲜农产品态度和意愿的理论模型,分析了感知有用性、感知易用性、感知风险和卖家信任度对消费者购买态度及意愿的影响。通过在北京市实地调查采集了338 份有效数据,运用结构方程模型对影响因素进行了检验。结果表明,感知有用性、感知易用性、卖家信任度对消费者网购生鲜农产品态度有显著的正向影响,而感知风险对消费者网购生鲜态度有负向影响,但不显著。最后,对生鲜农产品电子商务网站平台以及商家提出了建议。     

农户杂粮种植意愿及影响因素研究——基于河北省337户调研数据

农户杂粮生产关系到整个杂粮产业的粮食来源,目前农户是杂粮生产的主体,因此农户种植杂粮与否,将会影响社会杂粮的供给问题.为了分析当前农户种植杂粮的意愿及其影响因素,本研究以河北省337份杂粮种植户的调研数据为基础,利用SPSS统计软件,采用logistic模型回归分析方法,对农户杂粮种植意愿和影响因素进行分析.结果 显示...     

永久基本农田后期管护中农民参与意愿及其影响因素研究

研究旨在从农民参与意愿角度剖析其在永久基本农田后期管护的影响因素,以改善永久基本农田"重建轻管"的现状,为永久基本农田后期管护提出建议和对策.运用二元Logistic模型,根据河南省洛阳市新安县的485户农户对永久基本农田后期管护意愿的问卷调查数据,以农民参与永久基本农田后期管护意愿为因变量,从个人基本特征、家庭基本特...     

农户对蜜蜂授粉价值的认知——基于福建省6市194户农户调查的实证分析

中国蜜蜂授粉产生的价值达3042.21亿元,农户是授粉的主要服务对象,为了全面了解农户对蜜蜂和蜜蜂授粉价值的认真情况,对福建省的6个市194户农户进行了调查。依据调查数据,对农户关于蜜蜂、蜜蜂授粉价值、租蜂授粉和蜜蜂保护的认知情况进行了具体分析。研究表明,78.87%的农户认识到蜜蜂授粉能够增加农作物产量,62.37%的农户将蜜蜂授粉看作是像化肥农药一样的必要农业投入,68.04%的农户认为政府应该开展蜜蜂资源保护工程并愿意为此支付一定的费用。但只有16.49%的农户打算在农业生产中租蜂授粉并为此支付一定的费用。蜜蜂授粉事业发展政府应该起主导作用,结尾有针对性地提出了扶持养蜂合作组织、统一租蜂等建议措施。     

基于农户意愿的农村宅基地整理潜力及影响因素研究——以黑龙江省帽儿山镇为例

农村宅基地整理潜力研究可为测算区域土地资源潜力提供依据。笔者选取黑龙江省帽儿山镇为研究区,综合普通调查与农户调查,运用闲置率法计算研究区农村宅基地整理潜力,从个人特征变量、家庭特征变量、政策经济变量3方面构建研究区农村宅基地整理潜力影响因素指标体系,采用Logistic二元回归模型分析影响研究区农户进行宅基地整理的主要影响因素。研究结果表明:研究区农村宅基地整理潜力较大,约有13%左右的宅基地可以进行整理;影响研究区农户进行宅基地整理的主要影响因素主要集中在家庭特征变量及政策经济变量方面,个人特征变量的影响相对较小。研究区农村宅基地整理具有极强的可行性,对农村建设用地的潜力挖掘及建设用地集约利用具有重要的参考。     

农户有机农业种植意愿的实证研究——基于陕西洋县有机水稻农户调查数据的分析

有机农业是生态文明建设在农业上的具体实践,有利于促进农业现代化进程和供给侧结构性改革。以朱鹮国家级自然保护区周边社区有机水稻种植为例,实证分析了农户有机农业种植意愿及影响因素。研究表明:虽然农户生态保护意识有所提高,但有机水稻种植意愿并不高,近1/4的实际种植农户不愿意继续种植有机水稻。家庭人均纯收入、非农收入占比、人均水田面积、购销服务水平、个人教育程度、生态意识等对农户有机水稻种植意愿有显著正向影响。根据研究结论,提出着眼于农户切身利益、促进劳动力转移、完善合作社和相关有机农业政策、增加人力资本投资和提高农户生态意识等提高农户有机水稻种植意愿的对策建议。     

认知与激励:土地托管中潜在委托方的意愿分析——基于新疆昌吉州土地托管试验的调查研究

昌吉州土地托管运行中确定和吸纳新的需求主体的问题较为突出,本文以研究昌吉州农户参与土地托管的意愿为导向,进行了统计分析和实证分析,最终得出影响农户参与土地托管的意愿与农户农业经营情况、农户对土地托管的认知以及政府政策相关方面的激励因素相关.农户农业经营的情况越好,其托管意愿越低,农户对于土地托管的认知和政策相关的激励因...     

基于CVM的有机农业认知程度和消费意愿研究——以江西省居民为例

为探讨参与者对有机农业的认知程度、消费现状、理想售价以及对有机农田景观文化功能的支付意愿,基于条件价值法(CVM)对江西省万载县、宜春市和南昌市3个级别地域居民随机进行问卷调查,并对受访者的社会经济特征与理想售价和支付意愿进行相关性分析。结果表明:仅有20.7%的受访者对其比较了解,总体认知程度较低。受访者认为有机产品的理想价格为常规产品的2.6倍,理想价格与受访者的了解程度显著相关(P=0.034),与受访者的性别(P=0.002)和月收入(P=0.002)呈极显著相关。受访者对有机农业景观文化教育功能的平均支付意愿为316.7元/(人·年),支付意愿与受访者的了解程度(P=0.002)和月收入(P=0.000)极显著相关。基于此研究得出,加大宣传、合理定价、针对高收入群体等都是扩大国内有机产品及服务市场的有效手段。     

Calculation of environmental cost in the structural optimization of super tall buildings

Chinese mainland has seen a rapid construction speed of super tall buildings in recent years. Due to its huge quantity material and energy assumption, the super tall buildings exert great impact on the environment. An innovative new life cycle model is proposed for assess and optimize the life cycle environmental cost of super tall buildings. The new life cycle model has two features. Firstly the space distribution of the building materials is considered besides the time dimension, and secondly the single life cycle concept is extended to multiple life cycles to investigate the carbon footprint from the perspective of more than one life cycle. A benchmark super tall building is established to illustrate the application of the proposed new life cycle model. According to the case study results, a remarkable difference would be made in carbon emissions if the life cycle environmental cost based structural optimization method could be applied.     

An exergy assessment model of the environmental impacts of building energy use

Buildings, as products of built environment creation made by human kind, consume a substantial amount of energy. Building energy performance attracts much attention from many countries. Two things building energy use affects are fossil energy co     

广东地区农村住宅室内热环境优化研究

广东地区新建农宅有向多层发展和天井消失的趋势,室内热环境因此而变化。为了解广东地区新建农宅室内热环境现状,选取有天井现代农宅、无天井现代农宅和传统农宅各一栋进行现场实测,在对比分析的基础上发现现代农宅室内热环境存在优化的空间。针对广东地区现代农宅存在的问题,借助计算机辅助分析的手法提出适宜的优化措施,屋面遮阳、增大天窗高度及天窗开口置于下风向是改善有天井多层农宅夏季室内热环境的有效措施,无天井现代农宅通过局部架空和窗口遮阳改善室内热环境效果显著。     

Comparative analysis on weight system of breeam industrial and Chinese evaluation system of industrial buildings

With the comprehensive development of green buildings, the evaluation system for domestic green industrial building is gradually established. By comparing the British BREEAM industrial and domestic standards green industrial building evaluation guide, after deep analyses from different views such as the weight system, evaluation process, the article obtains the similarities and the differences between the BREEAM and guide, and puts forward the viewpoint of weight system of evaluation system of domestic green industrial buildings.     

Legal Ponder over the Agent of Environmental Impact Assessment

The Environmental Impact Assessment Law of our country stipulated that the project and construction items should be assessed using the method of environmental impact. The planning office becomes the agent of environmental impact assessment is as important as the agent of project construction for the first time. The scope, duty, and the legal responsibility of the agent, which does the assessment using the method of environmental impact, should be standardized and perfected. It will be helpful to implement the work of environmental assessment and make it legal.     

南方建筑非透明围护结构热工与节能设计

如何兼顾冬夏两季建筑供暖空调负荷和能耗,保证室内热环境质量,确定最适宜的热工特性,是长期困扰中国南方建筑围护结构热工与节能设计的难点。通过对夏热冬冷和夏热冬暖地区建筑在采暖、空调与自然通风条件下动态热过程的分析,研究了这一地区围护结构热特性与能耗的制约关系,以及对室内热环境与建筑热稳定性的作用机理。在兼顾冬季保温与夏季隔热的情况下,将建筑全年能耗作为控制目标,从室内热环境质量、节能效果、围护结构的安全性、可靠性、经济性和实用性等角度评价目前所采用的围护结构节能技术存在的问题,提出一种适宜南方气候的建筑围护结构热特性指标及构造形式。     

Life Cycle Analysis of field production of fibre hemp, the effect of production practices on environmental impacts

Summary Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was used to assess the environmental impacts of field production of fibre hemp and seven other crops in France. The production of 1 ha of hemp yielded a eutrophication potential of 20.5 kg PO₄-equivalents, a global warming potential of 2330 kg CO₂-equivalents, an acidification potential of 9.8 kg SO₂-equivalents, a terrestrial ecotoxicity potential of 2.3 kg 1,4-dichlorobenzene-equivalents, an energy use of 11.4 GJ, and a land use of 1.02 ha.year. A comparison of hemp (low impacts), wheat (intermediate impacts) and sugar beet (high impacts) revealed that the crops were similar for the relative contributions of emitted substances and resources used to impacts, and for the relative contribution of processes to impacts. A reduction of the impacts of hemp production should focus on eutrophication, and consider the reduction of climate change, acidification and energy use as secondary objectives. Given this objective, the overall environmental effect of the substitution of mineral fertiliser by pig slurry is negative. The introduction of reduced tillage is of interest, as it decreases energy use, acidification and climate change. Measures leading to a reduction in NO₃ leaching are highly interesting, as they strongly decrease eutrophication. Implications for hemp breeding are discussed.     

An application of discriminant analysis for the evaluation of the local environmental impact of livestock production

Intensive livestock production can cause serious nuisance to those who live around livestock units. While no method of measuring the extent of such local farm impact exists, it is difficult to make rational decisions concerning the location and control of intensive livestock production. This paper presents a possible approach to the assessment of the impact resulting from livestock production using discriminant analysis. The population living around livestock farms is divided into two groups: those who feel that there is a nuisance, and those who do not. This division is then related to other variables concerning both the location and nature of the individuals, and from these data a linear discriminant function is calculated, which allocates a score to each individual. The score represents the extent to which the individual is in a position to be caused a nuisance, based upon the perceptions of all those included in the survey. The total of the scores of those living around one livestock unit, adjusted for the population size, can then be used to compare the impact of this unit with others. It would be possible to create a more general function on the basis of a larger number of surveys, and such a function could be used to estimate the potential impact of a unit while it is still at the planning stage. Thus the size of the score could aid decisions regarding the desirability of that unit in that particular location. Similarly, in such situations, the functions could identify potential problems, and plans for the intended livestock unit could be examined for possible ways of reducing the environmental impact.     

Importance of individual root traits to understand crop root system in agronomic and environmental contexts

Resource acquisition, one of the major functions of roots, can contribute to crop growth and mitigating environmental impacts. The spatio-temporal distribution of roots in the soil in relation to the dynamics of the soil resources is critical in resource acquisition. Root distribution is determined by root system development. The root system consists of many individual roots of different types and ages. Each individual root has specific development, resource acquisition, and transport traits, which change with root growth. The integration of individual root traits in the root system could exhibit crop performance in the various environments via root distribution in the soil. However, the relationship between individual root traits and the pattern of root distribution is complicated. To understand this complicated relationship, we need to evaluate enormous numbers of individual root traits and understand the relationship between individual root development and root distribution as well as the integrated functions of individual root traits along with dynamics of resources in the soil.