高强钢焊接薄腹工形截面双向压弯构件的稳定性

应用ANSYS有限元,分析了Q460高强钢焊接薄腹工形截面双向压弯构件的稳定性能,提出了可供实际应用参考的设计公式。分析中考虑的主要参数有腹板高厚比,构件长细比,翼缘宽厚比及荷载偏心率。结果表明,对受压为主的构件,腹板局部屈曲对构件稳定承载力影响较大,而对受弯为主的构件,这一因素对构件稳定承载力影响较小。有限元分析结果与现行规范方法计算结果比较表明,目前规范方法尚不能较好地计算高强钢焊接薄腹工形截面双向压弯构件的稳定承载力,因而提出了修正直接强度法,该法精度较好且偏于安全。     

轴心受压钢构件高温下局部稳定设计方法

为了得到钢构件高温下局部稳定设计方法,通过试验对建立的有限元模型进行了验证。采用验证后的有限元模型,分析了温度、板件宽厚比、初始几何缺陷、腹板和翼缘相互作用等因素对H形截面轴心受压钢构件局部屈曲应力的影响,提出了Q235钢和Q460钢H形截面轴心受压构件高温下的局部稳定承载力简化计算公式和高温下防止局部屈曲的翼缘宽厚比和腹板高厚比限值。研究表明：当板件宽厚比较小时,构件的局部屈曲应力随宽厚比的增大迅速减小,宽厚比较大时,构件屈曲应力降低不明显;初始几何缺陷对构件局部屈曲应力影响较小;高温下翼缘对腹板屈曲的约束作用比常温下明显;高温下防止局部屈曲的宽厚比限值与常温下宽厚比限值不同。     

Vector form intrinsic finite element analysis based on fine beam model

精细梁不同于Euler梁和Timoshenko梁,该模型在考虑剪切变形的同时还考虑了横向弯曲时截面转动产生的附加轴向位移及横向剪切变形影响截面抗弯刚度后产生的附加横向位移。推导了适用于向量式有限元分析的精细梁单元应变和内力表达式,采用FORTRAN自编了向量式有限元程序。对悬臂梁、两端固支梁和门式框架进行了算例分析,对比了采用不同梁单元模型下结构的竖向位移。结果表明：当高跨比较小时,3种梁单元的竖向位移相差不大;当高跨比较大时,精细梁单元的竖向位移较Euler梁和Timoshenko梁明显增大,表明剪切变形及刚度折减引起的附加轴向位移、附加横向位移不能忽略。精细梁单元模型对高跨比较大的梁进行分析可望得到更精确的结果。     

T形板肋对预制带肋底板混凝土叠合板弯曲疲劳性能的影响

为研究T形板肋对预制带肋底板混凝土叠合板弯曲疲劳性能的影响,对3块T形肋底板叠合板和1块整浇板进行弯曲疲劳性能对比试验,主要考察T形板肋与疲劳荷载幅值对试件疲劳破坏形态及疲劳损伤程度的影响,得到了在不同疲劳循环加载次数下的跨中动位移、混凝土应变、预应力筋应变、残余变形等,分析了在不同疲劳循环加载次数下的刚度退化情况、荷载-应变分布规律、裂缝分布规律及剩余承载力等。研究结果表明,经历200万次疲劳循环加载后,T形肋底板叠合板无明显的刚度和强度退化,增设T形板肋的叠合板能达到与整浇板相同的弯曲疲劳性能;T形肋底板叠合板正截面弯曲疲劳强度计算可采用普通预应力混凝土受弯构件正截面疲劳应力验算的4个假定,最终以此建立了其正截面弯曲疲劳强度验算方法。     

冷却剂参数对铣槽喷管低周疲劳寿命的影响

采用有限体积流固耦合计算方法、非线性有限元热结构耦合分析方法和局部应变法研究大面积比铣槽喷管三维再生冷却槽道在循环工作条件下的热结构变形与低周疲劳寿命,并对比分析了冷却剂质量流量与入口温度对铣槽喷管疲劳使用寿命的影响。计算结果表明,铣槽喷管热结构响应呈现复杂的三维效应,应变较大位置主要分布在与肋连接的内衬区域,喷管中部的残余应变量最大;冷却槽道低周疲劳寿命分布和热结构响应基本一致,最小寿命位于喷管中部与肋相连的内衬区域燃气侧;随冷却剂质量流量增加,铣槽喷管低周疲劳寿命不断提高;随冷却剂入口温度增加喷管尾部低周疲劳寿命值不断降低,而喷管中前部的低周疲劳寿命值却不断提高,当冷却剂入口温度为280K左右时,本文的铣槽喷管总体使用寿命达到最大。      

G550高强冷弯薄壁槽钢受弯构件力学性能与设计方法

为了研究高强冷弯薄壁槽钢受弯构件的力学性能和设计方法,对3种板件加劲形式的G550高强冷弯薄壁型钢槽形截面受弯构件进行了试验研究和有限元参数分析。结果表明,板件加劲形式对高强冷弯薄壁槽钢受弯构件屈曲模式和受弯承载力有显著影响,翼缘V形加劲比腹板V形加劲能够更有效地提高构件抗弯承载力,构件抗弯承载力的变化规律与屈曲模式有关。根据有限元参数分析结果,在已有直接强度法基础上回归出适用于高强冷弯薄壁槽钢受弯构件的直接强度法修正公式。     

水平荷载作用下斜坡刚性桩非线性分析

在综合分析现有水平荷载作用下桩基分析方法的基础上,建立了考虑桩侧土体受力状态的斜坡刚性桩力学模型;根据极限平衡原理,建立横向荷载作用下斜坡刚性桩弯矩和应力平衡方程;引入考虑斜坡影响的p-y曲线方法,提出了综合考虑桩侧土体极限承载力与水平抗力系数沿深度呈线性增加的侧向极限承载力与土体抗力承载力系数计算方法,同时,将该方法应用于计算实例,通过与已有有限元和理论计算方法对比分析,计算结果验证了本文方法的合理性与可行性;并利用该方法,分析了斜坡坡角、桩土接触面系数以及地基水平抗力系数对斜坡刚性桩承载特性的影响因素。分析表明:斜坡的坡角、桩土接触面系数对侧向荷载作用下斜坡刚性桩的荷载位移曲线影响明显,而桩侧土的抗力系数对侧向荷载作用下斜坡刚性桩的荷载位移曲线影响不明显。     

CFRP加固冷弯薄壁C型钢长构件的轴压承载力

为了研究CFRP加固冷弯薄壁C型钢长构件的承载能力,对腹板和翼缘均粘贴CFRP的试件进行了轴心受压加载试验。7根长度均为1 400 mm的试件,其中1根为未加固的控制试件,其余6根封闭缠绕外贴50 mm宽CFRP间距为50、100、150 mm 3种情况,层数为1层和2层。试验结果表明,在轴心荷载作用下的破坏模式为整体弯扭失稳,与控制试件相比,加固后试件的稳定极限承载力均有不同程度的提高;当CFRP间距与腹板高度的比值小于1时,加固效果较理想,且2层CFRP的加固效果好于1层。最后,采用有限元对模型进行数值模拟,对比试验数据和数值模拟结果,二者吻合较好。     

多点锚固预应力CFRP带加固T梁的有限元分析

采用非线性有限元分析程序ABAQUS对无粘结体外预应力CFRP片材加固简支钢筋混凝土T形梁后进行数值模拟,该模拟梁共4根分别为3根梁侧对称加固,1根为梁底加固均为四点波形齿锚固预应力CFRP带。对比结果显示,数据模拟与试验结果在构件屈服以前的承载力、变形以及极限承载力吻合程度较好,构件屈服以后的变形差别较大,因此,可在一定程度上有效替代试验分析方法。依据吻合程度最好的TL3参数设计了“两点锚固”和“四点锚固”的模型进行模拟分析。通过对锚固点数及加固量改变的对比分析可知,依据加固构件的弯矩改变各段加固量及布置锚固点数的方法既可以保证加固效果不降低,又可以节约CFRP材料。     

HDPF加固钢筋混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究

为了研究高延性聚酯纤维加固钢筋混凝土柱的抗震性能,共进行了7根柱的低周反复试验,其中,3根在未加固状态下进行试验,4根柱粘贴高延性聚酯纤维加固后进行试验,针对位移延性系数、等效粘滞阻尼系数、总耗能、承载力和纤维带的应变进行了研究与分析。研究结果表明：未加固柱的承载力、耗能能力和延性都比较低,采用高延性聚酯纤维加固后的试件裂缝发展缓慢,加固后柱的承载能力、耗能能力、延性均有不同程度地提高;在塑性铰区域内增加局部配筋,能够提高纤维布的约束效果。     

Numerical Method for Load Bearing Capacity of High Strength Steel Columns at Elevated Temperature

In order to make fire resistance design of high strength steel columns in building structures, the numerical calculation method on load bearing capacity of high strength steel columns at elevated temperature was investigated. By taking the mechanical property of high strength steel at elevated temperature into consideration, extension was made on the inverse calculation segment length method and the program to compute the load bearing capacity of high strength steel columns at elevated temperature was performed. The program was adopted to compute the load bearing capacity. The results obtained by the program and the finite element analysis were compared and good agreement had been found. The influence of magnitude, distribution mode of residual stress and initial geometry imperfection on ultimate load bearing capacity was analyzed by employing the program. It is shown that the extended method can be is shown used to calculate the load bearing capacity of high strength steel columns at elevated temperature; the magnitude and distribution mode of residual stress had little influence but the geometry imperfection have significant influence on ultimate load bearing capacity.     

Factors Affecting the Ultimate Bearing Capacity of Cold-Formed Steel Portal Frames

The FEM simulation analysis method was studied to identify the ultimate bearing capacity of cold-formed steel portal frames.In this study,the beam-spring system was used to simulate the performance of joints.The initial imperfection of frame components was considered.The deformation performance and failure features of portal frame structures under vertical loads also were studied.The analytic results of the FEM simulation analysis method are close to the values obtained by experimentation.The ultimate bearing capacity of portal frames were computed by changing parameters such as the web plate thickness,the flange width,the plate thickness of brackets,the portal frame roof inclination,and the column footing stiffness.The analytic results indicate that the ultimate bearing capacity may be improved when the parameters mentioned above are increased.     

Hysteretic Behavior of Composite Deep Beam Infilled Steel Frame

The Quasi static tests of one steel frame and two the composite deep beams infilled steel frames were carried out. The effects of the deep beams on the load capacity, ductility, hysteretic property and energy dissipation of pure steel structure were analyzed. It is found that the hysteresis curve is a straight line with the constant of the stiffness at the beginning and without residual deformation. And the hysteresis curve of specimen was full after yielding, and the skeleton curves had a clear plastic flow phase with triple linear. The lateral drifts of the beam specimens at failure were 1/25 and 1/22. The composite deep beams enhance the initial stiffness, yield load and maximum load bearing capacity of steel frame. Therefore, seismic performance of the composite deep beams is better.     

酸雨环境下老旧砖砌体的抗压性能

为研究酸雨环境下老旧砌体抗压力学性能退化规律,实验室配置了PH值分别为1.5、2.5和3.5的3种硫酸和硝酸混合溶液来模拟酸雨环境,采用完全浸泡加速腐蚀的试验方法对砖、砂浆和砖柱进行不同程度的腐蚀,并测定其抗压强度。试验表明,随着腐蚀时间的增加,砂浆试块抗压强度先增大后降低;砖试块抗压强度随腐蚀时间的增加而降低;模拟酸雨溶液PH值越小,砂浆和砖试块抗压强度降低程度也愈大;砖柱极限承载力和弹性模量均随腐蚀时间的增加而降低,且模拟酸雨溶液PH值越小,降低程度愈大;随着腐蚀时间的增加,砖柱初始刚度逐渐减小,极限破坏位移增大;模拟酸雨溶液PH值越小,砖柱在达到峰值荷载时的变形值越小,脆性愈大;基于试验结果,建立了酸雨环境下砖柱应力应变曲线上升段统一数学表达式及酸雨侵蚀后普通烧结粘土砖砌体剩余抗压强度回归公式。     

新型农业大棚骨架的性能分析

旨在研究复合材料光伏农业大棚的经济性和受力性能,阐明其替代钢结构大棚的可行性。运用有限元软件Midas对某光伏大棚骨架的受力性能进行分析;对光伏大棚最不利节点螺栓的承载力验算;从表面维护和骨架用材两方面进行经济性分析。结果表明:复合材料骨架大棚的杆件最大应力为27.5 k Pa,其柱顶最大位移为9.4 mm,满足相似结构的承载力和容许位移要求;最不利节点螺栓的承载力计算结果表明节点强度足够;从每栋复合材料大棚和钢结构大棚的骨架表面维护及用材两方面的经济性分析结果看,前者初期费用较后者多300元,但使用过程中不再需要追加维护费。从可持续发展的角度看,采用相同骨架的2种材料成本投入相差不大,复合材料更具有环保特点,对农业养殖或种植无不利影响。可以推断,只要结构布置合理,复合材料骨架大棚承载能力绝不输于钢骨架大棚。     

Experimental Analysis on Mechanical Properties of Corroded Stud Shear Connectors

Four series stud push-out specimens were conducted to study static mechanical behavior when stud shear connectors of composite beams were corroded. Firstly, the studs were manually rapidly corroded by electrochemical methods, and then a static load test was performed on them. Test results show that when corrosion occurs at stud rod especially close to combined surface, the ultimate bearing capacity reduces most by 18%, slip under the same load increases, and slip relative to the ultimate load reduces most by 12%. When corrosion occurs at the large end of stud, it has little effect on ultimate bearing capacity of push-out specimens, but deformation performance of stud shear connectors is affected seriously.     

Numerical simulation for the residual stress of U-rib welding onto the flat steel box girder

The flat steel box girder is commonly used for long-span cable-stayed bridges. the structural complexity, construction details and manufactures cause damage to the bridge and the damages seriously grow overtime. The main reason for these damages is that welding technology of flat steel box girder with thin plates and rib elements produces residual stress and strain fields during the welding process, and further more welding cracks commonly appear. In this study, thermal-structural couple methods was adopted to numerically simulate the welding high temperature fields and the stress fields at the joint of U rid and decks of a flat steel box. The welding residual stress distribution was studied as well for further analyzing on the structural damage and strengthening design strategies.     

Test and Finite Analysis to Non-strong Column and Weak Beam Concrete Frames

Through the test of two concrete frames under vertical load and nonlinear finite programme analysis,the performances of strong beam with weak column and equal strength column and beam are studied,such as ultimate load,deflection,displacement ductility,redistribution of internal force.When the reinforcement is proper,the research proved that strong beam with weak column" and "equal strength column and beam" have better displacement ductility and can realize full redistribution of internal force,the width of cracks and deflections can satisfy the rules of code for design of concrete structures.     

Axial Bearing Capacity Design Method of Cold-Formed Steel Quadruple-C Built-up Section Members

The finite element model involving geometric large deformation,materials and contact nonlinearity is established.Specimens of cold-formed steel quadruple-C built-up section members are simulated and the finite element models are proved to be valid.Then,numerical analysis on the behavior of specimens with different slenderness ratio and flange flakiness ratio are carried out,and then the axial bearing capacities of specimens are obtained.Based on effective width method and direct strength method (DSM) in related codes,two design methods of cold-formed steel quadruple-C built-up section members under axial compression are proposed:effective length method and correction factor method.It is shown that:the final failure characteristics of all specimens are local buckling and distortional buckling.In the case of not considering the reduction of effective length,the results calculated by each code are slightly lower than those of test and FEM when the slenderness ratio is less than 50,while the results are too conservative when the slenderness ratio is more than 50.     

Experimental Analysis of Bearing Capacity of Triangle Hollow Flange Beam

On the basis of Hollow Flange Beam (HFB) which is proposed by Australian researchers, a new pattern triangle hollow flange beam (THFB) is presented. According to the experimental test and finite element simulation, the failure processes of THFB and traditional I-beam under concentrated load are compared, and then the obvious differences between the failure modes of these two type beams are founded. The local buckling is easily occurred for the THFB, while overall instability is easily occurred for traditional I-beam, and THFB possesses have better bending performance and twist resistance than those of traditional I-beam. with the experiments, finite element analysis is carried out by FE software ANSYS, and the FE results agree with the test results. Based on FE models, the parameter analysis is carried out for THFB. The parameters mainly include the thickness of top flange, the width of top flange, the thickness of web and the yield strength of steel. The change rule of the bearing capacity of THFB with different parameters can be achieved by parameter analysis. Finally, based on the above results, the applicability of the calculation formula of Eurocode3 to compute the bearing capacity of THFB is discussed. The results show that it is safe and reliable to adopt the calculation formula of Eurocode3 to compute the bearing capacity of THFB, Whilst the estimation is relatively conservative.