饱和渗透系数空间变异性对边坡稳定性的影响

研究了降雨雨型、雨强和持时对边坡孔隙水压力分布的影响以及降雨入渗条件下饱和渗透系数的空间变异性对孔隙水压力、含水率、抗剪强度参数、局部安全系数等参数空间分布的影响。研究结果表明,降雨特性对边坡孔隙水压力的影响较大;受渗流主方向影响,降雨条件下饱和渗透系数的水平波动尺度对孔隙水压力及含水率的变异性影响小于竖向波动尺度,降雨致滑坡的临界滑面基本与坡面平行且深度较浅;随着饱和渗透系数水平波动尺度的增加,滑坡深度随之增大,从总体上坡体上部局部安全系数随饱和渗透系数竖向波动尺度的增加而减小。     

Numerical Analysis of Seepage and Deformation in Unsaturated Soils

Based on one-dimensional seepage and deformation governing equations, PDE software is used to analyze the coupled governing equations. The method is available to arbitrary functions of SWCC (soil-water characteristic curve), and it considers that both the coefficient of permeability at saturation and the porosity change with soil strain. Compared with analytical solution, the numerical solution shows high precision and it can effectively solve coupling problems. It is found that coupling effect of seepage and deformation in unsaturated soils plays an important role in the pore-water pressure profiles, and that the coupling effect should be considered during rainfall infiltration. At early stage of rainfall infiltration, settlement obviously increases with time, and the pore-water pressure considering the coupling moves more slowly than that without considering coupling due to positive H. The settlement is related with initial pore-water pressure profiles and H value. The coefficient of permeability at saturation and the porosity have an effect on rainfall infiltration and steady-state seepage, but their change has a weak influence on deformation in unsaturated soils..     

砂田降雨入渗过程的模拟实验研究

砂田是一种具有综合效能的旱作技术,在干旱半干旱地区得到了不同程度的应用。为了研究砂石覆盖下降雨入渗的规律,笔者进行了室内模拟实验,对土壤水分的动态变化过程进行了研究。结果表明：在模拟降雨过程中,砂石覆盖下土壤的累计产流量一直低于裸土,说明砂石覆盖有利于减少土表降雨产流。砂石覆盖的土壤的各个深度土壤含水率均比裸土对照组要高,表明砂石覆盖有降雨入渗到土壤中。在经过一定时间的降雨后,砂石覆盖土柱中不同深度的土壤含水率变化会趋于稳定,且数值接近,表明砂石覆盖的土壤比裸土更快地进入稳渗阶段。