循环孔隙水作用下混凝土动态特性试验研究Symbol`@@

对0、10、50次孔隙水循环下不同应变速率(10 -5、10 -4、10 -3、10 -2/s)的混凝土和中低应变速率(10 -4、10 -3/s)下不同孔隙水循环次数(0、10、50、100、200次)的混凝土进行了常三轴压缩试验,试件尺寸为300 mm×600 mm。对循环孔隙水压作用后混凝土的峰值应力物理力学参数的变化规律进行了统计分析,并对混凝土在不同加载速率下的吸能变化规律进行了分析。结果表明：随着应变速率增大,混凝土的峰值应力呈增大趋势,随孔隙水压循环次数的增加,峰值应力大体呈现先增大后减小的阶段性变化;混凝土的吸能能力随加载速率的增加,表现出明显增大的趋势。混凝土的吸能能力随孔隙水压循环次数的增加表现出一定的离散性,但整体上呈先增大后减小的趋势;选用基于Weibull统计理论的混凝土材料分段式动态损伤本构模型对试验数据进行拟合,经验证,此模型与试验结果吻合较好。     

氯氧镁水泥混凝土中钢筋的腐蚀与防护试验研究

结合氯氧镁水泥混凝土耐水性,研究氯氧镁水泥混凝土中钢筋的腐蚀与防护,试验变量包括钢筋种类、混凝土保护层厚度和腐蚀龄期等。钢筋种类包括裸露钢筋和美加力涂层钢筋;混凝土保护层厚度包括25、50 mm;腐蚀龄期包括60、120、180、240、300、360 d。试验采用自来水长期浸泡至试块2/3处,并采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和能谱仪（EDS）对腐蚀后的钢筋微观结构和化学元素组成进行分析,研究钢筋的腐蚀机理。结果表明,通过软化系数分析,氯氧镁水泥混凝土的软化系数处于0.78～0.87,说明试验设计的氯氧镁水泥混凝土可用于干燥地区、受潮较轻地区或次要建筑结构。通过极化曲线及其电化学参数分析,裸露钢筋腐蚀速率为美加力涂层钢筋腐蚀速率的40～80倍,说明涂层防腐效果明显。     

波浪循环荷载作用下滨海软土水平向动力特性试验研究

为研究海上风电桩基在波浪荷载作用下,产生水平向循环荷载对桩基周围土体动力特性的影响,以唐山地区滨海软土为研究对象,通过室内动三轴试验,研究不同围压、动应力幅值和振动次数条件下对软土水平向动力特性的影响。结果表明：软土水平向动强度随围压增加而增加,随振动次数增加而减小;动应力幅值增大,破坏振次减小;水平向动应变εd随振动次数增加变大,且动应力幅值越大,增速越明显,变化规律遵循Monismith模型;动应力幅值改变时,软土水平向动模量变化明显,当围压减小,动弹性模量减小;曹妃甸软土水平向间具有明显的结构性,不同围压条件下,随动应力幅值增加动阻尼比均表现增大趋势。     

Research on primary parameters of high pressure water jet during rock cross-cut coal uncovering

According to the problems of gas drainage in rock cross-cut coal uncovering on high gassy coal seam with low gas permeability coal seam, a novel technology which uses high pressure water jet to slot coal seam is presented to raise the methane drainage radius and permeability. Based on the distribution of water jet velocity, the relationship of impact force of water jet and characters of coal is analyzed. Besides, the velocity of coal partial basing on the relationship of force of partial and dip of drilling is studied. Then, the effective diameters of slotting are calculated. Finally, the novel technology is applied to the Pingdingshan mine. The results show that quantities is decreased 38.2%,gas drainage rate is increased 2.86 times and the period of gas drainage is reduced 57.1% and the area of the gas drainage is widened 2.05 times compared to original technology.     

Effects of Fines Content on Evolutionary Characteristics of Dynamic Pore Water Pressure of Saturated Sands

With the GDS dynamic triaxial system, undrained dynamic triaxial tests on the saturated sand with different fines content are performed, and the effects of fines content on evolutionary characteristics of dynamic pore water pressure of saturated sands in the process of liquefaction are analyzed based on Seed pore water pressure stress model. It is found that fines content has great effect on the dynamic pore water pressure of saturated sands by the parameter θ for Seed model. The relationship between parameter θ and fines content isnt linear. Parameter θ decreases with the increase of fines content at first, and then reaches its smallest value when the critical value of fines content is 30%. After that, parameter θ increases gradually with the rise of fines content. According to the experimental study on effects of fines content on evolutionary characteristics of dynamic pore water pressure of saturated sands, the existence of critical fines content with 30% is further proved in the sandy soil used in the test.     

Analysis on Mobility of Heavy Metals between Sediment water under Different Hydrodynamic Conditions

The mobility of heavy metals including Cd, Cr and As, among sediment, pore water and overlying water under different hydrodynamic conditions in 15 d was analyzed with hydrodynamic flumes. Three velocities were designed as 4.01 cm/s for slow flow in Flume A, 12.70 cm/s for middle flow in Flume B, and 20.23 cm/s for fast flow in Flume C. Results show that: 1) Increasing the velocities of flow can promote the release of heavy metals; 2) As of pore water presented higher concentration, which shows the mobile trends of As are from pore water to overlying water; 3) Sediments suspended are the main reason for the increase of concentration of heavy metals in the overlying water. Compared with the static condition, hydrodynamic conditions significantly affect the mobility of heavy metals. And the changing characters in each flume are different for each kind of metals in different kinds of medium (overlying water, pore water, and surface sediment). Moreover, the extent of hydrodynamic impacts on the mobility of heavy metals is overlying water>sediment>pore water.     

方形高强钢管混凝土叠合柱轴压极限承载力分析

对于新提出的方形高强钢管混凝土叠合柱的极限承载力,基于统一强度理论,考虑中间主应力和材料拉压比的影响,引入有效约束系数和非有效约束系数并考虑箍筋对钢管外混凝土约束作用的不同,把钢管外箍筋约束混凝土划分为有效约束区和非有效约束区,将方形截面等效为圆形截面以考虑钢管核心混凝土受到的钢管和外围钢筋混凝土的双重约束效应,提出了方形高强钢管混凝土叠合柱的一种新的轴压极限承载力计算方法。将所得理论计算结果与文献试验结果进行对比,吻合良好,证明了公式的正确性。对各参数的影响规律分析表明,方形高强钢管混凝土叠合柱的承载力随着侧压系数、中间主应力影响系数、材料拉压比和纵向配筋率的增大而增大,随着钢管径厚比的增大而减小。     

高强钢绞线网加固混凝土粘结性能试验研究

通过高强钢绞线网聚合物砂浆加固层与混凝土结构的剥离破坏试验,对加固层与混凝土界面的剥离破坏特征进行了研究。探讨了单侧加固、植筋加固及U型加固等不同的加固方式对加固层抗剪承载力及抗剪强度的影响。试验结果表明,采用U型加固等增加粘结面积的方式能有效提高加固层粘结面抗剪承载力,但同时会削弱加固层的抗剪强度,而在界面上植入抗剪钢筋后,能同时提高聚合物砂浆加固层的抗剪承载力及抗剪强度。根据试验结果,提出了最小植筋率的建议值。     

Elasto-plastic analysis on surrounding rock of roadways based on seepage, strain softening and dilatancy

According to seepage body force, strain softening and rupture expansion of rock mass, elastic-plastic mechanics theory, distribution laws of stress and displacement of surrounding rock in seepage field are derived, and relationships between different zonation range of the surrounding rocks, pore water pressure, strain softening and rupture expansion are established. The results show that the pore water pressure and rupture expansion rock mass have a more obvious impact on the surrounding rock rupture area than the plastic zone. Both the plastic zone and the rupture area are larger when the seepage field is considered. The impact of strain softening on both the plastic zone and the rupture zone of surrounding rock is very significant, and both seepage and strain softening rupture expansion affect deformation of surrounding rock of roadways obviously. It provides certain reference values for the roadway support engineering in seepage field.     

Strain rate effects on dynamic behavior of reinforcement concrete columns with various reinforcement ratio

The mechnical characteristics of concrete is sensitive to the strain rate and it is crucial to consider the effect of load rates on the behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) structures subjected to dynamic loads such as severe earthquakes. In this study, numerical simulations on the dynamic behavior of typical RC column specimens under dynamic loadings with different load rates were performed. Concrete constitutive model considering the strain rate effects proposed by the CEB code was employed with a fiber model to characterize the nonlinear strain rate dependent behavior of RC columns. The developed dynamic fiber element model was validated by comparing the simulated results of four RC column specimens with the fast loading test results. Results show that the developed fiber element model can predict the behavior of RC columns with acceptable accuracy. After valiating the proposed fiber elemen model considering the strain rate effect, the load carrying capacity of different RC columns with various longitudinal reinforcement ratios and volumetric stirrup ratios were simulated. Results show that the trends of the influences of longitudinal reinforcement ratios and volumetric stirrup ratios on the load carrying capacity of the RC columns under dynamic loadings are different.     

Growing and pruning dynamic recurrent fuzzy neural network optimal control on firing rate to feed water ratio for supercritical unit

By analyzing a certain once through boiler’s FR/FW control system,a new control scheme based on growing and pruning dynamic recurrent fuzzy neural network (GAP-DRFNN)is proposed. This GAP-DRFNN can synthetically study main relative state parameters about FR/FW control,so as to calculate the optimal FR/FW by using least temperature deviation value of outlet of moisture separator as its training signal. As the data of current main relative state parameters input,GAP-DRFNN through structure learning can automatically increase and pruning neurons,and adjust the parameters and the recurrent weight of neural network dynamically based on stochastic gradient descent algorithm. The experimental results show the good performance for the system in variable conditions and this scheme’s celerity and precise on FR/FW control,it has better quality than traditional PID control method.