响应面法优化预烤冷冻面包工艺的研究

本研究筛选了预烤冷冻面包的原料小麦粉,利用单因素试验和响应曲面法优化预烤冷冻面包的最佳工艺参数,并进行品质评价。结果表明,结合小麦粉的基础成分与流变学特性的检测判断,确定金沙河富强高筋小麦粉为预烤冷冻面包原料粉;通过单因素和响应面试验,得出影响复烤面包品质各因素的主次顺序为：醒发温度＞醒发时间＞预烤时间＞预烤温度,其中醒发时间与预烤温度、醒发温度与预烤时间交互作用显著;最佳工艺参数为：醒发时间105 min,醒发温度35 ℃,预烤时间10 min,预烤温度180 ℃;在此最佳参数下,复烤面包的硬度、咀嚼性、胶着性、黏聚性、回复性和弹性等质构特性及感官品质均优于单因素效果,表面颜色均匀呈金黄色,有少量均匀气孔,横切面气孔细密,排列均匀,大小适中,面包支撑力好。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）结果显示,预烤冷冻面包可见充足、连续的面筋蛋白网络结构,淀粉颗粒大小均匀,得以完整地包裹其中。     

响应面法优化黄秋葵超微粉制备工艺

以吉林地区种植的新鲜优质黄秋葵为原料,制作黄秋葵超微粉,通过单因素试验,研究粉碎时间、压力、分级频率对黄秋葵超微粉品质的影响,并利用响应面法对黄秋葵超微粉制备工艺进行优化。结果表明,黄秋葵超微粉制备的最佳工艺参数为：粉碎时间20 min,压力200 Pa,分级频率25 Hz,在该条件下进行3次平行试验,对应的粉经大小为1 μm,与模型预测值基本符合。采用响应面法优化黄秋葵超微粉的工艺参数具有一定的可行性。     

响应面法优化超声波提取核桃油工艺的研究

应用超声波法辅助浸提核桃油,在单因素实验的基础上,通过Box-Benhnken中心组合实验,确定超声波辅助提取核桃油的最佳工艺条件为:正己烷作提取溶剂,液料比为7(mL∶g),提取温度53℃,超声时间48 min,超声波功率120 W,核桃油提取率达到61.91%。     

响应面法优化西瓜汁果酒发酵工艺的研究

为了探讨西瓜果酒发酵的最佳工艺参数,在单因素试验的基础上,以发酵温度、发酵时间、含糖量和菌种添加量为试验因子,以发酵液中酒精度为响应值,采用4因素3水平的响应面分析法进行试验。结果表明,各因素对西瓜汁果酒发酵的影响排序为:发酵温度>含糖量>接种量>发酵时间,各因素之间的交互作用对西瓜汁果酒发酵的影响并不是简单的线性关系。西瓜汁果酒发酵的最佳工艺为:发酵温度32.1℃,发酵时间6.4 d,含糖量21.4%,接种量为3.5%,发酵液中酒精的理论值为7.24%,验证值为7.15%,与模型预测值基本相符。     

响应面法优化牡丹花真空冷冻干燥工艺

为优化牡丹花真空冷冻干燥工艺参数,以干燥压强、预冻温度、起始加热板温为自变量,综合评分为因变量,通过单因素试验和Box-Behnken二次旋转正交试验,并利用Design Expert 7.0软件进行了回归方程的预测模型和响应面分析,最终确定最佳工艺条件为:干燥压强49.39 Pa,预冻温度-49.68℃,起始加热板温度43.12℃,预测结果94.89分,验证试验结果得到的试验值为93.29分,达到了预测值的98.31%。其中升华干燥阶段以15℃/h降温到35℃至干燥结束,最终产品色彩均匀,收缩率为3.0%,含水率5.6%,可长期观赏、保存。     

响应面法优化玫瑰大吉岭红茶饮料配方

以柠檬、玫瑰花、大吉岭红茶为原料,采用单因素试验研究大吉岭红茶添加量、玫瑰花添加量、柠檬添加量对饮料感官品质的影响,同时以感官评分为响应值,采用响应面法对玫瑰大吉岭红茶饮料的配方进行优化。结果表明,调配玫瑰大吉岭红茶饮料的最佳配方为:柠檬添加量2.14 g,玫瑰花添加量9.80 g,大吉岭红茶添加量11.04 g,水添加量150 mL,木糖醇添加量8.65 g,蜂蜜9.08 g,山梨酸钾0.04 g。在该配方下制得的玫瑰大吉岭红茶饮料感官评分为93.59分,其味道酸甜适中、色泽明亮、口感清爽、风味宜人。     

响应面法优化黑木耳苹果醋醋酸发酵工艺参数

研究黑木耳苹果醋饮料醋酸发酵过程中接种量、发酵温度和初始酒精度对总酸度的影响,采用响应面试验设计分析法优化醋酸发酵的工艺参数。结果表明,在接种量6％、发酵温度28℃、初始酒精度7．5％、发酵7d的条件下发酵,黑木耳苹果醋饮料的醋酸总酸度能够达到4．63mL／100mL。     

响应面法优化菜籽多糖的碱法提取工艺研究

对菜籽多糖的碱法提取工艺条件进行研究。原料预处理后,选取NaOH质量分数、提取温度、提取时间和液料比为变量,以多糖得率为指标,进行单因素试验,考察以上4个因素对多糖得率的影响。在此基础上,选取NaOH质量分数、提取温度、提取时间为变量进行3因素3水平的Box-Behnken中心组合试验,并通过响应面分析得到菜籽多糖碱法提取的最佳工艺条件为NaOH质量分数4.1%,提取温度86℃,提取时间3 h,液料比25∶1,在此条件下多糖得率为5.86%。     

响应面法优化醋糟厌氧发酵制氢

依据响应面试验设计法,选取有机负荷(Food/Microbe,F/M)、固液比、初始pH值和发酵温度为考察因素,进行醋糟厌氧发酵制氢工艺优化试验。在分析各个因素的显著性和交互作用后,得出醋糟厌氧发酵制氢的最佳工艺条件为:F/M1.65,固液比16.90g/200mL,初始pH值6.02,发酵温度37.66℃;各因素的主效应关系为:初始pH值>F/M>固液比>发酵温度。建立的产氢量数学模型为Y=26.63+1.34x1+1.27x-6.74x-2.44x-6x-1.7x2x-22233432.35x3x4,该模型能解释91.60%的响应值变化,产氢量的预测值为32.91mL/gTS,验证值为33.73mL/gTS。理论值与验证值的复相关系数为0.9780,证明此模型是合理可靠的,可用于实际预测。     

响应面法优化白果发酵乳的工艺研究

以新鲜白果及全脂乳粉为主要原料,探讨了白果发酵乳的加工工艺。以白果浆酶解液透光率为评价指标,在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验得出最佳酶解工艺为:酶解温度60℃,酶解时间110 min,中性α-淀粉酶添加量0.014%。以白果发酵乳产品的感官品质及黄酮含量为评价依据,在单因素试验的基础上,经响应面法优化得到最佳发酵工艺为:16%白果汁酶解液(料水质量比1∶3)、11%全脂乳粉、6%白砂糖、0.4%复合稳定剂(m_(羟丙基二淀粉磷酸酯)∶m_(黄原胶)∶m_(瓜尔豆胶)=3∶1∶1)、0.1%乳酸菌冻干菌粉、发酵温度42℃以及发酵时间4.5 h。经此工艺制成的白果发酵乳产品感官评分为39分(满分40分),组织均匀细腻,口感丝滑适口,营养丰富,具有银杏的风味,银杏黄酮含量为47.14 mg/100 g,银杏酸残留量1.56 mg/kg,符合国家药典(2015版)规定。     

Optimization of quenching parameters for ultra high strength steel using response surface method

In order to optimize the quenching parameters of ultra high strength steel 22MnB5,orthogonal experimental design method is applied to design the experiments and response surface methodology (RSM) is used to analyze the experimental results. Austenitizing temperature and soaking time are taken as the optimization factors. The effect of these factors on quenching hardness and elongation are investigated. The optimization results of each single objective are firstly obtained. Then,ideal point method is used to find the solution to the multi-objective programming,and global optimums are gained. Finally,the optimal results are discussed from the microstructure angle and the reliability of the prediction models is demonstrated.     

Analysis of salt rock underground deposit failure probability in operation period based on response surface method

For the safety of salt rock underground deposit, uncertainties and their influences are considered, and failure probability during operation period is analyzed. Based on finite element model, equation of limit state surface is transformed into explicit equation by response surface method. Combined with Monte Carlo method, computation efficiency is improved. The deposit could be simulated as a series-parallel system. The element with highest failure probability is determined first, then failure mode and system reliability are computed. Taking Jintan underground gas deposit as an example, the analysis indicates that as storage pressure increases, failure probability of middle part of deposit decreases firstly, then increases gradually when storage pressure accumulates to a certain extent. The failure probabilities of upper part and underside of deposit increase as storage pressure increases. During operation period, controlled failure mode is shear failure of upper part and underside of deposit under high storage pressure. In conclusion, the storage pressure during operation period should be controlled strictly.     

uncertain boundary parameters inversion for structures basedon regularization method

The basic idea of structure identification is that the changing of structural actual physical state will affect the dynamic responses of the structural degrees of freedom, so we can reversely indentify the actual state based on the dynamic properties of the structure. Therefore, as a typical inverse problem, parameter inversion is received extensive research. In this paper, to achieve structural parameter identification based on regularization method by the dynamic characteristics (natural frequencies and modes).     

Application of sequential response surface method tothin wall beam lightweight design

It is proposed to introduce approximate model method to crashworthiness optimization design of thin wall beam,and the approximate model can be optimized by using sequential response surface method.In order to solve the parameterization design problem of finite element model,a parameterization model about material,cross section size and spotweld of thin wall beam is established by developing corresponding procedures.The results show that optimization design can not only improve the performance of absorbing energy of thin wall beam,but also reduce the weight greatly;the approximate model method can greatly improve optimization efficiency.     

Robust optimization of dynamic response based on perturbation finite element method

On the base of traditional robust statics optimal design, by considering time parameter, dealing with uncertain parameters with perturbation finite element, and using Newmark method for dynamic analysis, robust optimal design is applied to dynamic response optimization. Compared with the traditional optimal design’s result in a frame system, robust optimal design of the frame displayed a significant improvement in performance.     

Numerical simulation of dynamic response and radiation noise of gearbox

Considering the internal dynamic excitation produced by stiffness excitation, error excitation and mesh impact excitation, a dynamic finite element model of transmission system and structure system of gearbox is established. The normal mode and the dynamic responses of gearbox under the internal dynamic excitation are calculated by using the numerical simulation software ANSYS. Based on the result of dynamic responses, the boundary excitation condition is determined, and then the acoustic boundary element model is built. With the software of SYSNOISE, the surface acoustic pressure of gearbox and the radiation noise of field points are solved by the direct boundary element method. The test of airborne noise is carried out. The computational results obtained are in a good agreement with the data of experimental test.     

ANSYS/PDS风电齿轮箱收缩盘联接可靠性分析

笔者建立了某风电齿轮箱主轴收缩盘联接的轴对称参数化有限元模型,并结合主轴扭矩作用应用ANSYS非线性接触对该模型进行了强度分析。由于材料属性、制造过程、边界条件以及载荷等设计参数的不确定性会影响计算的精确性,应用ANSYS/PDS模块,根据失效模式确定整体功能函数并由此建立结构极限状态方程,采用蒙特卡罗超拉丁采样方法对收缩盘联接进行可靠性分析,得到整体联接的可靠度和失效率,并给出累积概率分布。研究结果表明:收缩盘传扭联接性能和结构件强度均满足设计要求,其联接的可靠度达到94.8%,达到了工程设计要求,对风电齿轮箱收缩盘联接的可靠性设计具有一定的指导意义。     

Key parameters analysis of surface subsidence induced by tunneling construction

In order to identify the key factors inducing the surface subsidence while shield tunneling,a key parameter selection model and solving method based on RS-SVM is proposed. The information entropy rules were used to discretize seven continuous variables including Internal Friction Angle(IFA),Cohesive Force(CF)etc. Genetic Algorithm and Rough Set for attribute reduction were combined to obtain several collections that significantly affect the surface subsidence; Using the statistical learning of RVM to select the best collection which optimally reflects the relationship between parameters and surface subsidence,we get four parameters: Single Ring Grouting Pressure,Internal Friction Angle,Specific Torque(ST),Incision of Slurry Pressure and each of the collections was the critical parameter that should be considered in construction. The method was applied in a completed metro tunnel in Wuhan,China and the results indicated the feasibility of the method.     

强度参数统计特性对边坡稳定可靠性的影响

由于对边坡强度参数统计特性考虑不全面,使得边坡可靠性指标计算值偏小,对应的失效概率偏大,常常超过10%,设计中难以采纳,造成地基可靠度规范的制定和执行进展缓慢。以某高速公路全风化花岗岩土质高边坡为工程背景,在分析土质参数统计特性的基础上,采用极限平衡理论和蒙特卡罗模拟法,系统地分析了土质强度参数的均值不定性、变异性、相关性、区间特性和空间变化性等对边坡稳定可靠性的影响。结果表明：土性参数的各种统计特性对边坡稳定可靠性均具有不同程度的影响。可靠性指标计算值随抽样距离的减小而增加,随c或φ均值的增大而增加,随c和φ的变异系数的增大而减小,随c和φ相关系数绝对值的增大而增加,考虑区间性后可靠性指标计算值也明显变大。即变异性对边坡稳定不利,而相关性、区间性和空间变化性对边坡稳定有利。因此,准确而全面地考虑土质参数的统计特性,尤其是在参数变异性和相关性的基础上加以考虑土性参数空间变化性和区间性会更加符合工程实际,且计算结果趋于安全,有利于地基可靠度规范的推广运用和边坡工程的安全评价。     

石榴精酿啤酒酿造工艺的研究

以石榴和大麦芽作为主要原料,以感官评分为评价标准,通过单因素试验和响应面试验优化石榴精酿啤酒酿造工艺。结果表明,最佳发酵工艺为初始糖度23.8°Bx,原麦汁浓度10.2°P,石榴汁添加量10.8%,石榴汁添加时间为主发酵第5天,主发酵温度为20℃。