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马来穿山甲的年龄结构及寄生物 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
以广东湛江市林业公安局没收的51头马来穿山甲活体标本为材料,分析研究其年龄结构和寄生物。根据鳞甲、毛发、爪的磨损程度以及母幼行为关系和体重大小,将马来穿山甲划分成4个年龄组:幼年组、亚成年组、成年组和老年组,分别由7(13.7%)、21(41.2%)、19(37.3%)和4头(7.8%)个体组成,性比(♀∶♂)为1∶0.97。通过体表观察、粪检和解剖观察,发现被蜱感染过的穿山甲体况下降,且这些穿山甲仅有1种体外寄生物,为爪哇花蜱(AmblyommajavaneseSupino,1897),感染率为68.63%(35/51),未见幼体被感染。同时还讨论了该物种野放的生态安全问题。 相似文献
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2020年5月25日,贵州省某动物园的梅花鹿(Cervus nippon)出现精神沉郁、食欲减退、腹部胀大等症状,截至5月29日已发病死亡6头。为查明发病原因,采集发病梅花鹿的血样及发病死亡梅花鹿的组织样品送检。根据临床症状和病理剖检结果,初步诊断该动物园发病梅花鹿疑似产气荚膜梭菌(Clostridium perfringens)和支原体混合感染,经细菌分离培养、生化特性鉴定确诊为产气荚膜梭菌感染。结果显示,造成该动物园梅花鹿发病死亡的原因为产气荚膜梭菌的感染,并根据其症状进行中西医结合治疗。 相似文献
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野生动物的行为是动物与环境相互作用的结果,动物园中动物的行为也反映出动物与相应的由人为提供的环境之间的关系。本文分析了现阶段在动物园圈养人工控制的环境下,动物展现出的有关动物行为如领域行为、攻击行为、交配行为、学习行为、摄食行为、警戒行为和体温调节行为等,以及由这些行为导致的安全问题,并有针对性地提出了在动物管理中相应的防范措施与解决办法。在动物园日常管理工作中,工作人员要熟知动物行为的目的与意义,观察动物行为,及时发现动物的不适与异常,充分掌握与安全有关的动物行为并及时分析,找出可能存在的对动物造成伤害的安全隐患,避免安全事故,给动物提供更舒适安全符合动物生物学特性的环境,同时也是提高动物福利的重要环节。 相似文献
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记录了南昌动物园l雄1雌2只扭角羚的发情、交配、分娩、哺育等一系列繁殖行为,并与其栖息地野外行为习性进行了比较,为动物园在扭角羚的异地保护中制定科学的管理、营养及展出策略提供了必要的依据。观察结果显示:与野生扭角羚的行为相比,一方面圈养扭角羚基本保持了其野生状态下的繁殖行为习性,如雌性表现出较强的母性行为。但另一方面,圈养扭角羚的群体行为比较单调、呆板,如雄性常有强制性的交配行为发生:圈养扭角羚的觅食行为受到动物园食谱的限制,在营养失衡时容易产生异食癖行为;圈养扭角羚在缺少自然隐蔽空间时,容易产生应激而引发亚健康状态,可导致雌性的繁殖失败。 相似文献
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Melengestrol acetate (MGA), a potent synthetic progestin, has been used as a contraceptive in zoo felids since 1975. Mammary gland carcinomas have been linked to MGA treatment in zoo felids, but the histologic features of these tumors and steroid receptor expression have not been described. Zoo felid mammary tumors were requested from participating zoos from 1986 through 1998, and 31 mammary carcinomas from 28 MGA-treated and 3 untreated felids were received. The carcinomas were evaluated on the basis of histologic pattern, tumor grade, and occurrence of metastasis; then features of the tumors were compared to determine if carcinomas in MGA-treated felids differed from those that occur spontaneously. Estrogen- and progesterone-receptor expression was evaluated in 17 of the 31 carcinomas. Of the 31 tumors, 22 (70.9%) had multiple histologic patterns, 29 (93.5%) were high grade, and 28 (90.3%) had metastasized. Within tumors, the tubulopapillary pattern was most common (87.1%, n = 27); solid (61.3%, n = 19), cribriform (38.7%, n = 12), and comedone (25.8%, n = 8) patterns were less common; and the mucinous (3.2%, n = 1) pattern was rare. Both MGA-treated and untreated zoo felids had similar patterns and grades of mammary gland cancer as well as prevalence of metastasis. These results indicate that mammary carcinomas in zoo felids are high grade with a predominant tubulopapillary pattern and aggressive behavior. Five of 17 carcinomas expressed progesterone receptors, and 1 of 17 expressed estrogen receptors. Although more zoo felids with cancer had been exposed to MGA in this study, mammary carcinomas were similar in appearance and behavior in untreated and MGA-treated zoo felids. The association of MGA with the development of malignant mammary gland tumors should be considered when using this contraceptive in zoo felids. 相似文献
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动物园有限的面积与园中野生动物对环境条件的需求之间往往存在巨大的差距。应用分配通道提高动物园场地利用率可以缓解这一矛盾,并最终有利于提高动物福利。分配通道的应用可以划分为4个阶段,其发展趋势是将动物园中的所有展区联结成网络,从而使每种动物的生活和展示空间逐步接近动物生态领地模型,使动物园中有限的场地条件能够满足圈养野生动物的环境需求。 相似文献
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Isolation and identification of a canine coronavirus strain from giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Feng-Shan Gao Gui-Xue Hu Xian-zhu Xia Yu-Wei Gao Ya-Duo Bai Xiao-Huan Zou 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2009,10(3):261-263
Two giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) died of unknown causes in a Chinese zoo. The clinical disease profile suggested that the pandas may have suffered a viral infection. Therefore, a series of detection including virus isolation, electron microscopy, cytobiological assay, serum neutralization and RT-PCR were used to identify the virus. It was determined that the isolated virus was a canine coronavirus (CCV), on the basis of coronavirus, neutralization by canine anti-CCV serum, and 84.3% to 100% amino acid sequence similarity with CCV. The results suggest that the affected pandas had been infected with CCV. 相似文献
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小熊猫犬瘟热病及病原研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
1999年2月和1999年7月,重庆动物园和雅安碧峰峡生态动物园喂养的小熊猫(red panda)分别大面积爆发和流行犬瘟热病,重庆动物园小熊猫死亡11只,死亡率达100%,雅安碧峰峡生态动物园小熊猫死亡4只,死亡率为25%。两地发病小熊猫所表现的临床症状和病理解剖变化不完全一致,但均有血便、呼吸急促、不食,精神差,肺出血充血等类似症状。从雅安碧峰峡生态动物园患病小熊猫分离出的犬瘟热毒株(cdv2株)对VERO细胞适应性比从重庆动物园分离的(cdv1株)强,其TCID50达10^-6/0.2mL,两地分离的毒株均能同抗犬瘟热阳性高免血清反应。此外,用抗犬瘟热高免血清治疗,成功地挽救了12只病重的小熊猫。 相似文献