不同大白菜品种矿质元素含量评价

为了分析评价不同大白菜品种叶球中矿质元素含量差异,以8个大白菜品种为试材,测定其矿质元素K、P、Ca、Mg、Cu、Fe、Mn和Zn的含量,并利用水平分析、相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析对大白菜叶球矿质元素含量进行综合评价。结果表明,水平分析表明不同品种大白菜矿质元素含量存在一定差异,平均含量由高到低依次为K>P>Mg>Ca>Fe>Zn>Mn>Cu,变异系数介于9.62%(Ca)～72.47%(Fe)之间;相关性分析表明大白菜叶球中矿质元素含量存在复杂的关联性;主成分分析表明K、Ca、Mg、Mn和Zn是大白菜的特征性矿质元素,提取的3个主成分累计方差贡献率为89.13%;聚类分析对8个大白菜品种的矿质元素含量的相似性进行分析,结果将8个品种分为3类。研究结果为大白菜营养特性评价、种质资源的利用和新品种选育提供数据参考。     

五种矿质元素对金银花花粉活力的影响

分析了5种矿质元素对金银花花粉活力的影响.结果表明:不同矿质元素Ca、Mn、B、K、Na等对金银花成熟花粉活力的作用效果不同,同一矿质元素的不同浓度对其活力的影响也有所不同.在Ca、Mn、B、K、Na等5种矿质元素中,萌发率以30 mmol/L MnCl2的作用效果最好,达到15.64%,远远高于对照组(1.53%);而生长速率方面则以10 mmol/L H3BO3的作用效果最佳,达到333.754 μm/h,远远超过了对照组(48.921 μm/h).Ca最好的浓度是20 mmol/L,KH2PO4最好的浓度是12 mmol/L,而EDTA二钠最好的浓度是6.0 mmol/L.     

核桃壳与木屑栽培平菇的营养成分对比分析

测定了以核桃壳为基质(受专利保护)栽培平菇的主要营养成分和矿质元素,通过与木屑为基质栽培平菇的营养成分和矿质元素比较,结果发现:核桃壳种植的平菇粗纤维和多糖的含量明显高于木屑栽培的平菇,粗纤维和多糖分别相差13.8%和3.64%;蛋白质含量略低,相差4.5%;核桃壳组平菇矿质元素含量较高,尤其是铁和锌的含量,核桃壳组平菇铁和锌分别高于木屑组平菇32.3mg.kg-1和36.3mg.kg-1。     

贵州苏铁植株体内矿质养分含量特征分析

测定珍稀濒危植物贵州苏铁植株,构建不同组织和器官矿质营养元素的含量,分析矿质营养在体内分布特征及其相关特性,以及结合生长环境土壤特性分析贵州苏铁生长发育对营养需求以及土壤环境供给之间的关系,研究珍稀濒危植物贵州苏铁植株矿质营养含量及与土壤环境的相互作用,为贵州苏铁栽培和物种保护提供参考.结果表明:植株体内N、P元素含量变化较大,4a生植株体内比1 a生积累更多Fe、Mn、Zn、Ga、Mg元素,小孢子叶Zn含量最高,大孢子叶Mn含量最高,雄性叶元素含量高于雌性叶.表明贵州苏铁生长发育过程中生殖生长需要大量种类和数量的矿质营养物质,同时也证明了营养生长物质服务于生殖生长.在栽培生产中除了选择栽培基质与原生地大致相同满足植株的营养生长外,还更应注重在生殖时期对矿质营养的补给,满足植物生殖生长对矿质营养的需求.     

21个浙江山核桃无性系果实矿质营养特征分析北大核心CSCD

【目的】山核桃是我国重要的高效生态经济型干果树种,研究比较21个浙江山核桃无性系的果实内含物矿质元素差异,评价山核桃果实矿质营养特性,为筛选高矿质营养价值的山核桃种质资源提供基础。【方法】采用国家标准方法对山核桃果实种仁中所含的K、Ca、Na、Mg、Zn、Cr、Mn、Fe、Cu共计9种矿质元素进行测定,通过变异性分析、正态性检验、相关性分析、主成分分析、系统聚类和概率分级法对参试无性系进行分析与评价。【结果】(1)山核桃的矿质营养性状变异较为丰富,变异系数在8.93%~64.51%之间,其中变异幅度较大的有Cr(64.51%)、Na(45.73%)、Mn(23.90%)、Fe(19.75%);各指标均符合正态分布;有5对指标间呈极显著正相关,10对呈显著正相关。(2)主成分分析结果表明,将9种矿质元素指标综合为4个成分因子,可代表原始数据88.19%的信息量。(3)聚类分析表明,21个山核桃无性系可根据综合成分得分聚为3类,各类别间矿质营养品质有较大差别(;4)对3个变异系数≥15%的矿质元素指标进行5级概率分级,对5个变异系数<15%的矿质元素指标进行3级概率分级,结果与主成分分析基本一致。【结论】21个浙江山核桃无性系果实矿质营养性状变异较为丰富且均符合正态分布,其中有18个性状指标间呈极显著或显著相关;在主成分分析的基础上将21个山核桃无性系聚为3大类,综合筛选出大源3号、高岭8号、徐坑24号、徐坑88号、高岭3号、大源4号6个优质无性系,其中高岭8号与大源4号有作为优质果用无性系选育引种的潜力。     

基于因子分析和聚类分析的杧果种质矿质元素含量评价

以53个杧果品种的套袋果实为试材,测定其10个矿质元素含量,运用因子分析和聚类分析等统计方法对矿质元素含量特征进行分析。结果表明,不同品种果实中矿质元素含量存在显著差异,10种元素平均含量依次为：K > P > Mg > Ca > Na > Mn > Fe > Zn > Cu > B,变异系数在16.79%（P）~ 52.28%（Mn）之间;各矿质元素含量均服从正态分布;Mg与Mn、Zn、Cu、P、K、B之间,Zn、Cu、K两两之间,P与K之间均呈显著正相关;K、P、Ca、Mn和B是杧果果实的特征矿质元素;53个品种可以分为4类：（1）高K、P、Mg、Zn和Cu 含量的品种11个,（2）高Na和Fe含量的品种18个,（3）低Mg、Zn和K含量的品种8个,（4）低Ca、B和Mn含量的品种16个。     

富集矿质元素桦纤孔菌营养成分分析

以富集矿质元素钙、铁、锌的桦纤孔菌为试验材料进行营养成分分析。结果表明:富集矿质元素后,桦纤孔菌中各营养成分含量普遍升高。富集矿质元素铁的桦纤孔菌的氨基酸、粗脂肪、粗灰分、粗蛋白含量均最高,其谷氨酸含量高达5.43%,比对照高3.14%;粗脂肪含量高达135.38 mg/g,比对照高55.03 mg/g;粗灰分含量高达50.90 mg/g,比对照高2.39 mg/g;粗蛋白含量高达21.34%,比对照高1.11%。富集矿质元素钙的桦纤孔菌的粗纤维含量最高,达41.72%,比对照高2.59%。     

北京昌平苹果园土壤养分、pH与果实矿质营养的多元分析

2008-2009年,通过对北京昌平34个成龄苹果园土壤养分、pH和果实矿质元素含量的调查和多元统计分析,探讨了果实矿质元素含量最佳的土壤养分含量和pH优化方案.结果表明,土壤有机质与土壤各种养分均呈正相关,土壤养分与果实矿质元素含量的相关性非常弱,单因子相关分析不能揭示土壤养分与果实矿质元素间的关系;典型相关分析表明...     

不同立地条件下‘木纳格’葡萄果实品质和矿质元素含量

以‘木纳格’葡萄为试材,研究了新疆阿图什沙土、壤土、粘土质地对初果期和盛果期果园葡萄果实品质和矿质元素的影响,测定了不同土壤栽培条件下不同树龄‘木纳格’葡萄果实的可滴定酸、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、维生素C等果实品质指标及其矿质元素含量,以探索不同土壤类型和不同树龄对葡萄果实品质和矿质元素的影响。结果表明:不同土壤类型下不同树龄葡萄果实品质之间存在一定的差异,沙土初果期和盛果期果园的葡萄果实可溶性固形物和维生素C含量最高,可滴定酸含量最低,3种土壤盛果期果园果实可溶性糖含量基本一致,不存在显著性差异;壤土初果期果园果实可溶性糖含量高于其余2种土壤,并与沙土呈显著差异(P0.05),与粘土呈极显著差异(P0.01);不同土壤类型下不同树龄葡萄果实矿质元素之间也存在一定的差异。不同土壤类型和不同树龄对‘木纳格’葡萄果实品质和矿质元素影响较大,沙土的果实品质最佳;不同土壤类型矿质元素之间存在一定的差异。因此,要根据不同葡萄园土壤类型、树龄等实际情况,采用适合的平衡施肥技术。     

不同百合种球矿质元素含量的变异和相关性研究

选择5个不同云南百合品种,,研究其S、P、K、Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn、Sr、B、Mo、Ni、Al等15种矿质元素含量在不同品种间的变异和不同矿质元素间的相关性,旨在探讨用少数矿质元素,对百合繁育材料进行快速、可靠筛选的可行性.结果表明:在百合的15种矿质元素中,K和Na,Ca和Sr,Zn和Mn都达到极显著相关水平,而P和Mg,Cu和Mo也达到显著相关水平,其它矿质元素间的相关均未达到显著水平.     

Effects of radiation from 188Re on smooth muscle cell proliferation

AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β^-particles emission from ¹⁸⁸Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by ¹⁸⁸Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of ¹⁸⁸Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from ¹⁸⁸ Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G₀/G₁ arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.     

Effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin and expression of c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy

AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration.     

Ergebnisse der Leistungsprüfungen der Süßkirschensorte ‚Stella‘ auf Gisela- und Weiroot-Unterlagen in Bulgarien

Zusammenfassung Die Leistungsprüfungen wurden im Zeitraum 1997 bis 2003 mit den Unterlagen Gisela 4 und 5, den Klonnummern 195/20 und 497/8 aus der Gisela-Serie sowie Weiroot 10, 13, 53, 72 und 158 durchgeführt. Dabei dienten Sämlinge von P1 (bulgarische Selektion aus Prunus mahaleb) als Kontrolle. Alle Unterlagen waren mit der Sorte Stella veredelt und im Dezember 1996 in der Versuchsanlage der Agraruniversität in Plovdiv, Bulgarien, im Abstand von 6 m×4,5 m gepflanzt worden. Dabei erfolgte ein Pflanzschnitt. Nach Abschluss der natürlichen Kronenentwicklung wurde jedes Jahr ein Winterschnitt vorgenommen. Der Boden wurde durch mechanische Bearbeitung offen gehalten und nach dem 4. Standjahr wurden die Baumstreifen mit Herbiziden behandelt. Die Wasserversorgung erfolgte durch eine dem natürlichen Gefälle folgende Überflutung, allerdings nicht immer zum optimalen Zeitpunkt, da keine eigene Wasserquelle zur Verfügung stand.Basierend auf den Ergebnissen bis zum Anfang des 7. Standjahres können die untersuchten Unterlagen in zwei Gruppen differenziert werden: starkwüchsig—Weiroot 10, P1 und Weiroot 13; mittelstarkwachsend bis schwachwüchsig—Gi 497/8, Gisela 4, Weiroot 53, Weiroot 158, Gi 195/20, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 5. Letztere zeichnete sich durch besondere Schwachwüchsigkeit aus. Die meisten Wurzelschosser bildeten Gisela 4, Weiroot 10 und Weiroot 13. Weiroot 53, Weiroot 72 und Weiroot 158 entwickelten deutlich weniger und P1, Gisela 5, Gi 195/20 sowie Gi 497/8 keine Wurzelschosser. Den frühesten Blühbeginn induzierte Gisela 4. Die anderen Unterlagen führten, in Abhängigkeit von den Temperaturbedingungen des jeweiligen Jahres, zu einer Verspätung der Blüte: P1 und Weiroot 10 um 1–2 Tage; Gi 497/8, Weiroot 13 und Weiroot 158 um 2–4 Tage; Weiroot 72 um 2–7 Tage; Gi 195/20 um 3–6 Tage; Weiroot 53 um 3–8 Tage und Gisela 5 um 3–10 Tage. Die Reifezeit der Früchte war bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 im Vergleich zu den anderen Varianten um 2–3 Tage verspätet. Gisela 5, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 4 induzierten bei der aufveredelten Sorte die höchsten Ertragsleistungen, P1 die geringsten. Bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 war die Fruchtgröße geringer als bei den anderen Unterlagen. Bäume auf Gisela 5 brauchen intensive Pflege. Nur wenn alle Produktionsfaktoren und kulturtechnischen Maßnahmen optimiert werden, kann das hohe Ertragspotenzial dieser Unterlage ausgeschöpft werden.     

多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响

多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。     

Proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin

AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.     

Compositional and Functional Properties of Saskatoon Berry and Blueberry

Abstract

Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared.     

Cryopreservation of shoot apices of hawthorn in vitro cultures originating from East Asia

The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species.     

Coupling past management practice and historic landscape change on John F. Kennedy Space Center,Florida

Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere.     

Metallothionein inhibits homocysteine-induced proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM:To investigate the effect of metallothionein(MT) on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by homocysteine and its mechanism. METHODS:VSMCs proliferation was measured by [³-H]-TdR incorporation, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity were determined by immunoprecipitation method, the intracellular contents of MT and malondialdehyde (MDA)were assayed by -hemoglobin saturation method and TBA reaction, respectively, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was measured by NADH oxidation. RESULTS:Hcy(10^-6-10^-4 mmol/L) stimulated [³-H]-TdR incorporation by the VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with control, [³-H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs treated with 0.1 mmol/L Hcy was increased by 4.2 fold (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, Hcy enhanced MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of VSMCs with MT alone did not change above parameters, compared with control. However, MT (10^-6-10^-4 mol/L)attenuated significantly Hcy-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. And MT inhibited obviously Hcy-induced activation of MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release. Preincubation of VSMCs with 0.5 mmol/L ZnCl₂ for 6 h induced an increase cellular MT content by 5.7-fold (P＜0.01). The MT-overexpressed VSMCs resisted Hcy-stimulating action on MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH leakage (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:These results show that MT has an inhibitory effect on Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation, and that MT could inhibit Hcy-stimulated MAPK activity and lipid peroxidation.     

XBP-01 accelerated apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis.