大豆叶片叶绿素含量与颜色特征的关系

田间作物最重要的特征指标就是叶色,其能够直观地反映出叶绿素含量的变化、作物生长过程中的光合作用、养分情况及水分含量等栽培信息,为田间的作物管理、苗的生长情况的诊断和根据苗的肥力情况提供重要依据。以大豆的叶片为研究材料,测定了叶片的叶绿素含量,利用数字图像处理技术提取了叶片的颜色特征值。结果表明,叶绿素含量与颜色特征参数具有一定的相关性,并建立了与叶绿素之间的联系。     

干旱胁迫对水稻叶片生理生化特性的影响综述

干旱胁迫主要破坏作物叶片的光合功能,使叶片正常光合作用受阻,从而导致作物减产。综述了干旱胁迫对水稻叶片水势、叶片光合色素含量、光合作用参数、叶绿素荧光参数和抗氧化酶系统的影响,为水稻抗旱育种和抗旱栽培调控途径提供理论参考。     

干旱胁迫对番茄和蜀葵幼苗叶片叶绿素含量的影响

叶绿素含量往往直接影响着光合作用的速率和光合产物的形成,最终影响作物产量和品质的提高。以番茄和蜀葵两种草本植物的幼苗为研究对象,通过比色法分别测定幼苗叶片中的叶绿素含量,研究了干旱胁迫对植物幼苗叶绿素生理指标的影响,以期对番茄和蜀葵的抗旱性研究及进一步的品种选育有所帮助。     

菱湖公园3种阔叶树种叶片叶绿素含量对比

对菱湖公园3种阔叶树叶片进行一系列的研究。结果表明：①3种阔叶树叶片叶绿素含量对比中,女贞的叶绿素a、叶绿素b的含量最高;②3种阔叶树叶片叶绿素光合作用对比中,女贞叶片光合作用最高;③3种阔叶树叶片含水量对比中,法国冬青的含水量最高。     

国内企业登记芸苔素内酯盘点

芸苔素内酯能够促进和延长植物细胞分裂,促进作物根系生长,增强光合作用,提高作物叶绿素含量,实现推动作物生长等作用。芸苔素内酯作为重要的植物生长调节剂在生产中表现优异,受到农药企业和用户的一致好评。     

基于高光谱和GA-BP神经网络模型的冬小麦叶绿素含量反演

叶绿素是绿色植被进行光合作用的主要色素,是影响作物产量的重要因素之一,也是评价作物健康状况的重要生化指标。快速、准确、无损地监测作物叶片叶绿素含量,是实现作物长势和健康程度精准监测的关键。为提高作物叶绿素含量反演的精度,以冬小麦试验小区为基础,测量关中地区冬小麦叶片反射率及其对应的叶绿素含量。运用分数阶微分法计算0～2阶步长为0.1的分数阶光谱,通过灰色关联分析法提取出与叶绿素含量关联度大的特征,作为模型的输入参数。最终提取出0.6阶751、760 nm, 0.7阶744、751 nm, 0.8阶738、747 nm, 0.9阶738、750 nm, 1.0阶731、750 nm共10个与叶绿素含量关联度高的波段作为模型的特征波段。为解决BP神经网络(back propagation network)收敛速度慢、易陷入局部极小值的问题,使用遗传算法(genetic algorithm, GA)优化BP神经网络的权值和阈值,利用优化后的模型进行叶绿素含量的预测。结果表明,运用遗传算法优化BP神经网络模型反演精度较高,r²为0.952,均方根误差(RMSE)为3.64...     

重金属Cd胁迫对元宝枫光合特性的影响

为了研究重金属Cd对元宝枫光合作用的影响,通过对元宝枫水培苗进行不同浓度的Cd胁迫处理,分析元宝枫叶片中叶绿素含量及其净光合速率的变化。结果表明,随着Cd胁迫浓度的增加,元宝枫叶片中叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素总量显著降低,净光合速率也明显下降;Cd低浓度胁迫下,元宝枫叶片光饱和点变化不大,Cd高浓度胁迫下,元宝枫叶片光饱和点显著降低。重金属Cd胁迫严重阻碍了元宝枫叶片的光合作用。     

梁宝寺镇：獭兔养殖走向致富路

绿之源高效广谱叶面肥采用丹妮尔生物工程独特的螯合技术加工而成,内含作物生长所需要的氨基酸以及生根剂、着色剂、增效剂、保鲜剂、多种微量元素。喷施后,能被作物迅速吸收,快速补充营养,增强光合作用,提高叶绿素含量,增加干物质积累。提高各种酶的活性,调节生理代谢,促进生根、长叶、保花、膨果,大大提高作物抗病抗逆能力,改善作物品质,能将作物产量提高25％～40%。     

水稻剑叶净光合速率与叶绿素含量的研究初报

对59个水稻品种剑叶净光合速率及其叶绿素含量进行测定和相关分析后发现，叶绿素各组分及叶绿素a/b比值均存在显的品种间差异。叶绿素a含量决定总叶绿素含量水平，叶绿素b的含量主导叶绿素a/b比值的变化。总叶绿素含量、叶绿素a含量与剑叶净光合速率显正相关，叶绿素b含量与剑叶净光合速率的正相关关系接近显水平。叶绿素a/b与剑叶净光合速率无直接相关关系，但在品种间叶绿素含量由少增多的过程中，叶绿素含理状况对光合作用的促进作用由总量的增加转向叶绿素a/b比值的降低，同时发现，在高光强、低叶绿素含量范围内，仍然存在光合作用的最适叶绿素含量值。     

黑麦草叶绿素荧光特性对Pb2+胁迫的响应

为研究重金属铅对黑麦草叶绿素荧光特性的影响,揭示黑麦草光合作用对重金属铅胁迫的响应,研究了不同梯度Pb2+胁迫对植株叶绿素含量、叶绿素荧光参数的影响。结果表明:当Pb2+浓度为0～3 000mg/kg时,黑麦草的叶绿素含量呈先上升后下降的趋势;F0、Fv/Fm、qP和ETR随着铅浓度的升高而降低,NPQ随铅浓度增加而逐渐增强。说明,低浓度铅可促进黑麦草叶绿素的合成,促进植株的光合作用;高浓度铅抑制叶绿素的合成,降低植株光合作用,抑制植株生长。但在整个试验过程中,黑麦草均能正常生长,未出现明显的毒害症状,故可用黑麦草修复Pb2+污染土壤,尤其是低浓度Pb2+污染土壤。     

外源 H2O2处理对两种小麦叶绿素荧光和叶绿素的影响

[目的]研究不同浓度H2O2处理对2种小麦幼苗叶绿素荧光和叶绿素的影响。[方法]以小麦品种宁春四号和西旱二号幼苗为材料,采用室内水培试验。[结果]对于宁春四号,200μmol／LH2O2处理使得初始荧光（FO）、最大荧光（Fm）、PSI处调节性能量耗散的量子产量Y（NPQ）、光化学淬灭（qP）和非光化学淬灭（NPQ）明显低于对照;不同浓度的H2O2处理使得幼苗叶片叶绿素a（Chla）、叶绿素b（Chlb）和叶绿素总量均显著降低。50、100和200μmol／LH3O2处理下西旱二号幼苗叶片Chla含量和F0显著降低,PSI的最大量子产量（Fv/Fm）、实际光化学反应效率（1,（II））、电子传递速率（ETR）、qP和ⅣPQ均增大,而Chlb和叶绿素总量无显著变化。[结论]与宁春4号相比,外源H2O2胁迫使西旱2号小麦幼苗叶片PSⅡ反应系统更开放,光合机构的损伤较严重。     

香樟生理黄化的叶绿素年变化规律研究

通过对不同等级黄化香樟的研究,结果表明：黄化香樟中叶绿素总量与健康香樟叶绿素总量差异极显著。黄化香樟叶绿素含量老叶平均变化在0．901—1．299mg／g,新叶平均值在0．347—0．688mg／g,分别是健康香樟叶绿素总量的1／10—1／3,黄化程度越高叶绿素总量越低。黄化香樟叶绿素a／b比值偏大,是健康香樟比值的1．5—2．5倍,且随着黄化程度的加剧,叶绿素a／b比值变化幅度变大。因此,叶绿素含量的多少和叶绿素a／b比值的变化幅度大小可以表征香樟黄化的程度。     

杂交棉高产生理机制研究

在相同密度和栽培管理条件下,研究了豫杂35、中棉29和中棉19 3个品种生长中后期主茎叶片光合特性及衰老特点,以期探讨杂交棉高产形成的生理机制。结果表明:杂交棉豫杂35和中棉29与常规棉中棉19相比,打顶后其主茎倒3叶片的叶绿素含量高,随叶片衰老下降的慢;叶片生长前期气孔导度大,生长后期叶片PSⅡ实际光化学效率(ФPSⅡ)大,从而使其叶片光合速率高,且随叶片衰老下降慢,在后期仍表现较强的光合速率。此外,3个品种叶片的光合效率的日变化趋势均呈单峰曲线,总体趋势是杂交棉品种的峰值较中棉19的高且下降的慢;最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)和ФPSⅡ的日变化均表现为倒抛物线型,但是豫杂35和中棉29的日变化曲线表现在中午前下降的慢,中午谷值浅,中午后恢复上升的快,表现对强光利用能力高。杂交棉所表现的上述高光效特性,为其多结铃,增铃重,获得高产奠定了光合生理基础。     

夏季遮光对川赤芍光合特性的影响

以川赤芍（Paeonia veitchii）为材料,研究了泰安地区夏季在露地栽培条件下不同程度遮光对川赤芍光合作用以及叶绿素荧光特性的影响。结果显示,自然光照下,川赤芍Pn在正午PAR达到最大时出现明显降低,即＂光合午休＂现象;Fv/Fm、Fm也降到日变化的最低值。进行遮光处理的两组川赤芍,Pn均未出现＂午休＂,Fv/Fm、Fm正午时下降幅度不大,日变化曲线相对平稳。尤其遮光30%组,Pn值一天中都保持较高水平,叶绿素总量及叶绿素b相对含量均高于其他两组。而遮光70%条件下,一天中Pn总是处于最低,叶绿素总量反而低于遮光30%条件下的川赤芍,且其叶片薄、黄绿色。综合比较,遮光30%利于川赤芍夏季生长。     

不同特性水稻品种灌浆期叶绿素含量及荧光特性的比较

[目的]比较分析辽宁省不同特性水稻(Oryza sativa L.)品种灌浆期叶绿素含量及荧光特性,为筛选及选育高光能利用率和耐光抑制的优良水稻品种提供科学依据。[方法]以辽粳9、辽优1106、东壮2号3个辽宁省水稻品种为材料,利用便携式叶绿素仪和调制荧光仪MINI-PAM测定自然条件下灌浆结实期叶绿素含量及荧光参数Ft、Fm'、Yield、ETR、qP的变化情况。[结果]在叶绿素含量上,辽粳9、东壮2号整个灌浆期始终保持较高的水平,但辽优1106灌浆中后期迅速下降。叶绿素荧光参数值总体上辽粳9、东壮2号灌浆各时期变化平缓,且趋于一致,辽粳9均略高于东壮2号;而辽优1106荧光参数中除Fm'和qP与上述2个品种变化趋势相同外,其他参数均表现出灌浆中后期急剧下降。[结论]杂交稻辽优1106和东壮2号中后期的光适应能力较弱,光能利用率急速下降;辽粳9对整个灌浆期的光适应能力及光合利用率最高。     

苗期不同抗性大豆荧光参数及叶绿素含量对大豆花叶病毒胁迫的响应

[目的]研究苗期不同抗性大豆荧光参数和叶绿素含量对大豆花叶病毒(SMV)胁迫的响应。[方法]以感SMV品种合丰25和抗SMV品系牡304为材料,以东北地区SMVⅠ号株系为毒源,测定接种SMV后苗期不同抗性大豆荧光参数及叶绿素含量的变化。[结果]与对照相比,SMV胁迫下,除Fo和q N升高外,其他荧光参数均有所降低,抗SMV品种(系)的变化幅度较小。随着胁迫时间的推移,Fm、Fm’、ΦPSII和Fv/Fm逐渐降低,Fo和q N逐渐升高,q P先降低后升高,且抗SMV品系牡304和感SMV品种合丰25分别在6 d和12 d出现最低值。受SMV胁迫后,叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量的变化趋势相同,抗病品种(系)叶绿素含量的上升幅度大于感病品种(系),感病品种(系)叶绿素含量的降低率大于抗病品种(系)。[结论]苗期荧光参数以及叶绿素含量可作为鉴定大豆对SMV抗性的重要依据。     

超级稻P88S/0389光合特性初探(英文)

[Objective] The aim of this study is to understand the high yield often photosynthetic mechanism of super hybrid rice P88S/0389.[Method] Chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were measured via the method of Wellburn and Lichtenthaler,and the photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured using portable photosynthesis system.Through comparison of above measured indices between P88S/0389 and its parents,the photosynthetic characteristics were obtained.[Result] The pigment content of P88S/0389 lied between their parents,and detailedly was closer to its female parent at earlier growth stage and to its male parent at latter stage,respectively.The Pn,Fv/Fo,Fv/Fm and qP of the flag leaf of P88S/0389 were all higher than those of its parents,while the degradation rates of these parameters were slower than those of its parents.The qN of flag leaf was lower than those of its parents,and the increasing rate of qN of P88S/0389 was also slower than those of its parents,indicating the great heterosis of P88S/0389 to its parents in photosynthetic capacity.The data show that P88S/0389 is endowed with stronger capacities in light energy absorption,transformation and carbon fixation compared to its parents.[Conclusion] The light energy absorbed by hybrid mainly contributes to photochemical reaction,and little for heat dissipation.For ensuring high yield,the rice cultivars selected for production should synchronously possess higher photosynthetic rate and longer high value duration.     

玉米幼苗不同叶位叶片叶绿素含量和荧光参数特性研究

以玉米幼苗刚好完全展开的1～5叶位叶片为材料,通过检测叶绿素含量和荧光参数特性,研究玉米不同叶位叶片的光化学活性.结果表明:随着叶位的上升,叶绿素含量逐渐增加;与第1,2位叶比,第4,5位叶具有更高的Fv/ Fm和ETo/RC,即第4,5位叶具有更强的光化学活性.     

Preliminary Study on the Photosynthetic Characteristics of Super Hybrid Rice P88S/0389

[Objective] The aim of this study is to understand the high yield often photosynthetic mechanism of super hybrid rice P88S/0389.[Method] Chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were measured via the method of Wellburn and Lichtenthaler,and the photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured using portable photosynthesis system.Through comparison of above measured indices between P88S/0389 and its parents,the photosynthetic characteristics were obtained.[Result] The pigment content of P88S/0389 lied between their parents,and detailedly was closer to its female parent at earlier growth stage and to its male parent at latter stage,respectively.The Pn,Fv/Fo,Fv/Fm and qP of the flag leaf of P88S/0389 were all higher than those of its parents,while the degradation rates of these parameters were slower than those of its parents.The qN of flag leaf was lower than those of its parents,and the increasing rate of qN of P88S/0389 was also slower than those of its parents,indicating the great heterosis of P88S/0389 to its parents in photosynthetic capacity.The data show that P88S/0389 is endowed with stronger capacities in light energy absorption,transformation and carbon fixation compared to its parents.[Conclusion] The light energy absorbed by hybrid mainly contributes to photochemical reaction,and little for heat dissipation.For ensuring high yield,the rice cultivars selected for production should synchronously possess higher photosynthetic rate and longer high value duration.     

超级稻P88S/0389光合特性初探(英文)

[Objective] The aim of this study is to understand the high yield often photosynthetic mechanism of super hybrid rice P88S/0389.[Method] Chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were measured via the method of Wellburn and Lichtenthaler,and the photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured using portable photosynthesis system.Through comparison of above measured indices between P88S/0389 and its parents,the photosynthetic characteristics were obtained.[Result] The pigment content of P88S/0389 lied between their parents,and detailedly was closer to its female parent at earlier growth stage and to its male parent at latter stage,respectively.The Pn,Fv/Fo,Fv/Fm and qP of the flag leaf of P88S/0389 were all higher than those of its parents,while the degradation rates of these parameters were slower than those of its parents.The qN of flag leaf was lower than those of its parents,and the increasing rate of qN of P88S/0389 was also slower than those of its parents,indicating the great heterosis of P88S/0389 to its parents in photosynthetic capacity.The data show that P88S/0389 is endowed with stronger capacities in light energy absorption,transformation and carbon fixation compared to its parents.[Conclusion] The light energy absorbed by hybrid mainly contributes to photochemical reaction,and little for heat dissipation.For ensuring high yield,the rice cultivars selected for production should synchronously possess higher photosynthetic rate and longer high value duration.