猪气喘病的诊断与治疗

<正>猪气喘病(猪支原体肺炎MPS,猪地方性肺炎EPS)是猪的一种直接接触、慢性呼吸道传染病,发病率高,本病在世界范围内广泛流行。病原为猪肺炎支原体,主要通过鼻腔接触和空气传播,在猪群密集、通风不良的条     

猪喘气病的控制与净化方法的建议

猪喘气病（猪支原体肺炎MPS,猪地方性肺炎EPS）是猪的一种直接接触、慢性呼吸道传染病,发病率高,在世界范围内广泛流行。主要病原为猪肺炎支原体（Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae,Mhp）,主要通过鼻腔接触和空气传播,猪群密集、通风不良的条件有利于本病的传播。     

猪气喘病的防制

猪气喘病(猪支原体肺炎MPS,猪地方性肺炎EPS,过去曾称病毒性肺炎或PPLO)是一种直接接触、慢性呼吸道传染病。该病的病原为猪肺炎支原体(Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae,Mhp),主要表现咳嗽、气喘及肺部肉样或肝样病变。猪气喘病在世界范围内广泛流行,发病率高、难根除,造成日增重及饲料效率降低。特别在现代高度集约化和机械化养猪环境中,单位面积养猪     

猪气喘病流行特点及防治措施

猪气喘病(猪支原体肺炎MPS,猪地方性肺炎EPS)是猪的一种直接接触、慢性呼吸道传染病,发病率高,本病在世界范围内广泛流行。主要病原为猪肺炎支原     

猪喘气病防治实例

猪喘气病（猪支原体肺炎MPS,猪地方性肺炎EPS）是猪的一种直接接触,慢性呼吸道传染病,发病率高,在世界范围内广泛流行。主要病原为猪肺炎支原体,主要通过直接接触和空气传播,经呼吸道感染,在猪群密集、通风不良的条件下有利于本病的传播。主要症状为咳嗽和气喘,特征性的病变为：肺的心叶、尖叶、中间叶及膈叶的尖端呈现肉样或肝样病变。本病以慢性病例多见。     

"福多邦"加"金美康"、"多糠宝"治疗猪喘气病的实例

猪喘气病(猪支原体肺炎MPS,猪地方性肺炎EPS)是猪的直接接触性、慢性呼吸道传染病,有发病率高的特点,在世界范围内广泛流行.主要病原为猪肺炎支原体,主要通过直接接触和空气传播,经呼吸道感染,猪群密集、通风不良的条件下有利于本病的传播.主要症状为咳嗽和气喘,特征性的病变为肺的心叶、尖叶、中间叶及隔叶的尖端呈现肉样或肝样病变.本病以慢性病例多见.     

“福多邦”加“金美康”、“多糠宝”治疗猪喘气病的实例

<正> 猪喘气病(猪支原体肺炎MPS,猪地方性肺炎EPS)是猪的直接接触性、慢性呼吸道传染病,有发病率高的特点,在世界范围内广泛流行。主要病原为猪肺炎支原体,主要通过直接接触和空气传播,经呼吸道感染,猪群密集、通风不良的条件下有利于本病的传播。主要症状为咳嗽和气喘,特征性的病变为肺的心叶、尖叶、中间叶及隔叶的尖端呈现肉样或肝样病变。本病以慢性病例多见。笔者用"福多邦"加"金美康"、"多糖宝"在某     

猪喘气病的诊断与防治

猪喘气病又称猪支原体肺炎和猪地方流行性肺炎,是由猪肺炎支原体引起的一种上呼吸道接触性传染病,发病率高。该病在世界范围内广泛流行,特别在规模化猪场和农村养殖户发病和流行较为严重。本病通常在猪群密集、通风不良的条件下通过鼻腔接触和空气传播。主要症状是咳嗽、喘气,特别是腹式呼吸明显。本病的典型特征是病程长,死亡率低,呈慢性过程,临床症状不明显。     

猪气喘病的净化措施

随着我国畜牧业向商业化、专业化、现代化转变,养猪生产正向集约化方向发展.由于采取现代化管理技术及规范化防疫措施,许多集约化猪场烈性传染病已得到控制,而气喘病很难净化,当前,几乎所有学者一致认同,猪气喘病是全球养猪界公认的最难净化的猪病,成为困扰养猪业的一大难题.猪气喘病(又称猪支原体肺炎,猪地方流行性肺炎)是猪的一种直接接触、慢性呼吸道传染病,发病率高,本病在世界范围内广泛流行.……     

有关猪肺炎支原体感染诊断方法和流行病学的最新观点

猪肺炎支原体是猪地方性肺炎(Enzootic Pneumonia,EP)的主要病原体,本病是一种主要影响肥育猪的慢性呼吸道疾病.尽管人们在控制猪肺炎支原体感染及其带来的不利影响上花费了大量的精力,但是猪地方性肺炎仍继续给全球养猪生产造成重大的经济损失.猪肺炎支原体通常是通过引进亚临床型感染的动物而侵入猪群的,或通过短距离的空气传播发生感染,但后一种情况较少.一旦侵入猪群,猪肺炎支原体可通过与受感染的母猪直接接触而将病原体传给后代或在同圈猪只之间进行传播.用于诊断猪肺炎支原体感染的"黄金标准"技术--细菌学培养非常费劲,通常很少使用.酶联免疫吸附试验和聚合酶链式反应检测方法以及以屠宰场监测或田间剖解为形式的死后检查,是用于调查猪肺炎支原体是否参与了猪呼吸道疾病的最常用技术.这些技术已被用来监测受猪地方性肺炎影响的猪群猪肺炎支原体的临床型和亚临床型感染猪群、免疫猪群或非免疫猪群以及处于不同的生产条件和管理条件下的猪群的发生情况.猪场水平上的猪地方性肺炎临床过程差异以及猪肺炎支原体疫苗接种效果的差异表明,猪肺炎支原体的不同田间分离株的传播和毒力特性存在差异.本文综述了猪肺炎支原体感染的流行病学最新知识,包括其传播、感染和血清转化动力学,并且还比较了用来监测猪地方性肺炎的各种流行病学方法.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1991

In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.