种鸡饲养中几个生产指标之间的关系及改善措施

1几个生产指标的关系 在肉种鸡饲养管理中,入舍母鸡提供种蛋的数量及种蛋受精率高是肉种鸡饲养管理的最终目的。但达到这个最终目的的关键是入舍产蛋率,日均产蛋率的差距,产蛋期最终死淘率之间的关系。日均产蛋率是指每天产蛋总数除以当天人舍数。人舍产蛋率是指每天产蛋总数除以产蛋期最初人舍数。死淘率是指当天死淘数除以当天人舍数。累计死淘率是指累计死淘数除以期入舍初期鸡数。入舍母鸡产种蛋数是指期累计产种蛋数除以入舍母鸡数。     

肉种鸡产蛋高峰后产蛋率下降过快的原因分析

现在肉种鸡生产中,产蛋高峰期周均产蛋率超87%的鸡群比比皆是,但产蛋期内入舍母鸡只供种蛋超170枚的鸡群却很少,原因是产蛋高峰过后产蛋率下降过快与产蛋期死淘率过高有很大关系。对     

艾维茵父母代种鸡高产技术措施应用探讨

我场于1989年5月19日从北京家禽育种有限公司引进艾维茵父母代肉种鸡3728套(母鸡3728只配备相应的公鸡)。24周末育成母鸡3602只,育成率97.5%。27周龄为开产日龄(产蛋率9.3%),25—67周龄死淘率3.44%。67周龄共产蛋711625枚,入舍母鸡平均产蛋197.6枚,比该品种推荐的190.1枚产蛋标准多7.5枚,提高3.95%。产蛋期内共获受精蛋593373枚。孵出雏鸡508221只,种蛋孵化率85.65%,入舍母鸡平均生产雏鸡141.09只。为了缓和当时肉雏鸡紧张状况,根据鸡群产蛋情况,延长全群种鸡的产蛋期,到74     

供求信息

罗氏(中国)有限公司为了扩大和发展预混料推广项目,特诚征吉林省各地区罗维素预混料代理商,有意者请与罗氏(中国)公司沈阳办事处于永波联系。电话:13704367749上海家禽育种有限公司上海新杨家禽育种中心海兰褐蛋鸡生产性能父母代开产日龄(50%产蛋率)147天高峰产蛋率93%入舍母鸡产蛋数68周龄260枚70周龄267枚入舍母鸡合格种蛋数68周龄225枚70周龄232枚入舍母鸡生产雏鸡量68周龄90羽70周龄93羽商品代开产日龄(50%产蛋率)19～20周龄高峰产蛋率94%～96%平均蛋重63.5克料蛋比2.11∶172周龄产蛋量20.3千克注:本公司保留本广告的解释权地址:上海市…     

AA肉用种鸡父母代饲养技术

由于AA肉用种鸡的遗传性状逐代改进,使其父母代生产性能不断提高。现将AA肉用种鸡父母代目前的生产水平详列如下。 1.产蛋量: (1)25周龄时产蛋率达5％。 (2)产蛋高峰期的产蛋率达86％。 (3)按入舍母鸡产蛋量计算,42周龄内平均每只产179枚蛋,能孵出鸡苗153.8只。 2.孵化率为86％。 3.成活率为95％(0～25周龄)。 4.耗料: (1)每生产1枚蛋需耗料250克。 (2)0～25周龄,每只母鸡共消耗饲料13.62公斤;每只公鸡共耗料15.44公斤。注意:饲料消耗量是随饲料品质、环境     

艾维茵父母代种鸡高产技术的经验

<正> 我场于1989年5月19日从北京家禽育种有限公司引进艾维茵父母代肉种鸡3728套。24周龄末育成母鸡3602只,育成率97.50%。27周龄为开产日龄(产蛋率9.3%)25～67周龄死淘率3.44%。67周龄共产蛋711625个,入舍母鸡平均产蛋197.6个,比该品种推荐的190.1个产蛋标准多7.5个,提高3.95%。产蛋期内共获受精蛋593373个,孵出雏鸡508221只,种蛋卿化率85.65%。人舍母鸡平均生产雏鸡141.09只。为了缓和当时肉雏鸡紧张状况,根据鸡群产蛋情况,延长全群种鸡的产蛋期。到74周龄时才淘汰,总产蛋量792662个,其受精蛋646922个,出雏553992只,平均每只产蛋达到220.1个,受精蛋180.4个,孵出雏鸡153.8只。其中产蛋最高的一小群200只母鸡共产蛋45096个,平均每只产蛋225.5个。     

雏鸡、育成母鸡的体重和均匀度的控制

蛋鸡的生长性能与其品种、饲料、饲养管理、疫病防制措施四大要素密切相关。虽然直接受益是在产蛋期，但育雏和育成期的营养与管理极为重要，否则可造成延迟开产、达不到产蛋高峰、产蛋高峰持续时间短、蛋品质差、产蛋期死淘率高等现象。这些情况少数是由于疾病原因，而多数是由于营养供给和饲养管理不合理造成的。１蛋鸡５周龄体重对产蛋性能十分重要 蛋鸡在育成期５周前后及１０～１６周龄之间有“生长高峰”。雏鸡５周龄时体重与产蛋性能有很强的相关性，５周龄体重越大，入舍母鸡产蛋率越高，产蛋持续期越长，死淘率也越低。因为雏鸡在…     

产蛋鸡及蛋种鸡开产前的限饲措施

近年来，由于鸡的育种进展，使得鸡的育成期缩短，相应延长了产蛋期，入舍母鸡产蛋量增加了。但是，开产较早并不总是能提高入舍母鸡的产蛋量，在开放舍和光线较暗的饲养环境下更是如此。一些养鸡户的商品蛋鸡群在１６～１７周龄就开产了，结果造成了前期蛋重过小，高峰期产蛋率低，后期产蛋率下降过快的问题。此外，有时还会出现大量脱肛鸡，损失严重。１７～１９周龄开产的种鸡，不合格种蛋大量增加，这是由于蛋太小，孵化率低和雏鸡质量差，因此造成２５周龄前所产的蛋不能用作种蛋。鸡群开产过早的原因主要包括：日粮配合不当，育成期自…     

自然光照温室养鸡试验

用自然光照温室饲养AA肉种鸡父母代鸡30000．套。通过对整个饲养过程的观察测定结果表明：26周龄育成率95．34％，29周龄开产，270d累计产蛋481993枚。平均每只入舍母鸡产蛋160．66枚。产蛋率59．5％。合格种蛋率95．2％。受精率95％。入孵卵孵化率84．6％。生产性能和经济效率均优于平房式鸡舍。     

大豆异黄酮对黄羽肉种母鸡产蛋、繁殖性能及血浆生化指标的影响

【目的】研究饲粮中添加大豆异黄酮(soy isoflavone, SIF)对产蛋期黄羽肉种母鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质、繁殖器官发育、孵化性能和血浆生化指标的影响,为SIF在肉种母鸡养殖中的合理应用提供参考数据。【方法】选用192只健康且体重和产蛋率接近的岭南黄羽肉种母鸡(快大型,21周龄),分为4个处理,其中第1组为对照组(基础饲粮),第2～4组在基础饲粮中添加5、15、25 mg/kg SIF,每组6个重复,每个重复8只鸡,试验期从25周龄开始至35周龄结束,共10周。试验期间,按重复记录每天采食量、产蛋数、产蛋重;34～35周龄时,每组选取50枚种蛋孵化,测定孵化性能;35周龄时,每个组随机选取24枚种蛋进行蛋品质测定,每个重复选取2只试验鸡进行采血和样品采集,测定繁殖器官发育和血浆生化指标。【结果】SIF对黄羽肉种母鸡产蛋率、平均蛋重、日蛋重及料蛋比均无显著影响(P>0.05);饲粮中添加SIF可以显著降低不合格蛋率,其中25 mg/kg SIF组的不合格蛋率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。饲粮中添加SIF可以显著提高蛋壳强度和蛋黄颜色,其中5和25 mg/kg SIF组的...     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.