北方寒区苜蓿品种引种筛选试验

为丰富黑龙江省苜蓿品种种质资源,发展北部山区、半山区草地畜牧业,促进农业生产结构调整,振兴农村经济,避免因盲目种植苜蓿而导致损失,2002—2005年引进国内外苜蓿11个品种,在黑龙江北部寒区逊克县车陆乡进行了品种比较试验,旨在为当地及类似地区苜蓿品种的筛选种植提供科学依     

黑龙江省轻度盐碱地苜蓿的种植方法和田间管理

黑龙江省西部盐碱化土地面积96.65万公顷，其中轻度盐碱地面积26.70万公顷，占27.62%，主要分布在齐齐哈尔市南部及大庆地区，合理利用这块土地资源，对提高盐碱土地的产出率具有重大意义。生物治理是盐碱草地治理最有效的措施之一，主要是筛选种植适合本区气候特点、耐盐碱能力强的牧草和植物品种，改良盐碱土壤，以达到改良和利用盐碱草地的目的。黑龙江省经多年治理盐碱化草地实践表明，适宜黑龙江省盐碱化草地种植的牧草有10多种，因盐碱化程度不同，可选择不同的品种[1]。紫花苜蓿是多年生豆科牧草，蛋白质含量高，是高产优质的栽培牧草，同时具有改良土壤、保持水土的作用。紫花苜蓿是中等耐盐碱牧草，在轻度和中度盐碱草地上种植后，可以抑制盐渍化，起到改良草地土壤的作用，并可获得较高的产量。因此，探索苜蓿在轻度盐碱地种植的关键技术、提高轻度盐碱地苜蓿产量，对促进苜蓿产业发展、改善生态环境有着重要的现实意义。     

黑龙江省大面积种植“牧草之王” 打造优质奶源地

<正>为将黑龙江省发展成"苜蓿奶"生产基地,改善生态环境,促进农牧民增收,按照产业发展规划,2013年,黑龙江省将种植666.67km2苜蓿。种植地点将在全省重点选用坡耕地、中低产田和退耕还草地,并实行苜蓿     

黑龙江省西部半干旱区牧草引种筛选研究初报

对不同来源的20种牧草进行了两年的引种筛选试验研究，结果表明：豆科的肇东苜蓿、公农1号苜蓿、草原2号苜蓿和禾本科的无芒雀麦、林肯无芒雀麦、扁穗冰草、细茎冰草，在2001年极其干旱年份越冬率、产草量、抗逆性、分枝（分蘖）数、茎叶比都优于其它13个品种；而苜蓿品种国内的优于国外品种。由此认为，这7个牧草品种是黑龙江省寒冷干旱区、半干旱区建立人工草地、改良退化沙化草地的优良草种，可大力推广种植。     

黑龙江省西部半干旱区牧草引种筛选研究初报

对不同来源的20种牧草进行了两年的引种筛选试验研究,结果表明豆科的肇东苜蓿、公农1号苜蓿、草原2号苜蓿和禾本科的无芒雀麦、林肯无芒雀麦、扁穗冰草、细茎冰草,在2001年极其干旱年份越冬率、产草量、抗逆性、分枝(分蘖)数、茎叶比都优于其它13个品种;而苜蓿品种国内的优于国外品种.由此认为,这7个牧草品种是黑龙江省寒冷干旱区、半干旱区建立人工草地、改良退化沙化草地的优良草种,可大力推广种植.     

提高苜蓿产量的栽培措施

苜蓿是高产、优质、富含蛋白质及经济价值高的牧草,在黑龙江省具有较长的栽培历史。苜蓿在草地改良、低产田治理、种植业由二元结构向三元结构的转变中，     

提高苜蓿产量的栽培措施

<正>苜蓿是高产、优质、富含蛋白质及经济价值高的牧草,在黑龙江省具有较长的栽培历史。苜蓿在草地改良、低产田治理、种植业由二元结构向三元结构的     

黑龙江省苜蓿产业发展建议

正苜蓿产业是黑龙江省农业中长期发展战略中,必不可少的产业建设内容,大力发展苜蓿产业是现代生态农业发展的必然趋势,也是现代农业的重要标志。生产规模化、经营集约化的现代农业,必须要以苜蓿产业化发展为基础。一、推进苜蓿产业化发展,符合现代畜牧业发展的需求1.苜蓿产业是草地畜牧业尤其是奶业发展的基础。持续、健康、高效的奶业与苜蓿产业的发展密不可分,黑龙江省奶业已逐渐从粗放经营向集约经营转变,在奶牛头数增加的     

紫花苜蓿引种试验研究

为了丰富呼玛县的饲草饲料资源、筛选出适合当地种植和利用的紫花苜蓿品种,为我国北部高寒地区苜蓿的推广种植奠定基础,试验选择来源不同的10个紫花苜蓿品种在黑龙江省呼玛县进行引种筛选试验.通过3年(2006-2008年)的观测结果表明:龙牧801、龙牧803、敖汉苜蓿、肇东苜蓿、公农1号苜蓿、草原2号苜蓿、草原1号苜蓿7个苜...     

以“振兴奶业苜蓿发展行动”为引领发展农区的草地畜牧业

发展农区的草地畜牧业是转变农业发展方式的一个主要方面，是推进农业现代化的重要途径。目前在发展农区草地畜牧业方面存在认识上的误区，受到传统观念的阻碍，工作起步的难度很大。从2012年开始，国家将启动实施“振兴奶业苜蓿发展行动”，中央财政每年安排5．25亿元资金，在奶牛主产省和苜蓿主产区，开展奶牛优质苜蓿标准化高产创建。这是国家实施的在农区种草养畜的第一个重点项目，我们应该以这个项目为引领。促进农区草地畜牧业的发展。1发展草地畜牧业势在必行     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.