兔骨髓间充质干细胞向心肌细胞分化的研究

旨在研究5-氮杂胞苷(5-Aza)诱导兔骨髓间充质干细胞(Mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)向心肌细胞分化的作用及适宜浓度.取兔股骨骨髓,分离并培养骨髓间充质干细胞,用5-Aza定向诱导向心肌样细胞分化.用倒置显微镜、免疫细胞化学法鉴定诱导后的细胞是否能表达心肌特异性蛋白α-横纹肌肌动蛋白(α-actin)和肌钙蛋白T(Cardiac troponin T,cTnT),计算各组细胞向心肌样细胞的诱导分化率.结果,5-Aza诱导MSCs后,细胞明显变宽,诱导1个月后的MSCs呈长杆状,走向趋于一致,相邻细胞间连接较紧密,相互融合.心肌细胞特异性蛋白α-actin和cTnT呈阳性表达,不同浓度的5-Aza诱导的MSCs心肌细胞特异性蛋白的表达率不一样,其中以10 μmol·L-1组表达率最高.5-Aza作用兔MSCs体外培养可以诱导其向心肌样细胞分化,最佳浓度为10μmol· L-1.     

山羊骨髓间充质干细胞的分离培养

旨在对山羊的骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)进行分离培养。将分离得到的BMSCs进行传代培养,采用RT-PCR法检测其干细胞转录因子oct4和sox2基因,以验证其干细胞特性;在此基础上绘制BMSCs的生长曲线,对其生物学特性进行直观了解。结果表明,分离到的山羊BMSCs原代细胞呈现出成纤维样,并能够表达oct4和sox2基因,证明了其干细胞特性;其生长曲线呈"S"型,在1~2 d时为潜伏期,第3天时进入指数生长期,第7天时进入平台期。结果提示,分离得到的细胞具有BMSCs的特性,能够用于后续的相关试验研究。     

不同代次大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞和脂肪间充质干细胞成骨分化比较

本研究旨在观察不同代次骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)和脂肪间充质干细胞(ADSCs)体外培养的生长特点和体外诱导成骨能力。通过密度梯度离心和贴壁培养法分离培养大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞和脂肪间充质干细胞,用含地塞米松、抗坏血酸、β-甘油磷酸钠的培养液定向诱导传代细胞向成骨细胞分化,并利用茜素红染色、碱性磷酸酶染色及PCR方法检测成骨细胞。结果表明骨髓及脂肪间充质干细胞呈成纤维细胞样生长,增殖能力强,生长迅速。第5、10、15、20代BMSCs及ADSCs经诱导培养后茜素红染色呈阳性并且出现"矿化"、碱性磷酸酶活性强,随着细胞代次的递增,诱导后细胞碱性磷酸酶活性呈递减趋势;诱导后的两类细胞传代后细胞仍能继续分化,并形成正常的"矿化"结节,且碱性磷酸酶染色均弱于初次诱导。结果提示,BMSCs及ADSCs易于分离培养及体外扩增,诱导条件下成骨能力强且成骨细胞传代培养仍具有成骨能力,适合作为再生医学骨组织工程的种子细胞。     

马骨髓间充质干细胞向软骨细胞的诱导分化

试验旨在建立马骨髓间充质干细胞（bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,BMSCs）细胞系,并诱导其向软骨细胞分化。通过获取马BMSCs,进行细胞培养和纯化,对第3代（P3）细胞进行干细胞特性鉴定,并诱导其向软骨细胞分化,对分化后的细胞染色,并检测其软骨细胞特异性基因的表达。结果显示,获得的马BMSCs表达标记基因Sox2和Nanog,并表达间充质干细胞表面标记因子CD44、CD90和CD105,不表达造血细胞表面标志物CD34和CD45。P3代细胞经诱导培养后形态发生改变,阿尔新蓝染色为阳性,并表达软骨细胞特异基因Col,且其表达量随着诱导分化时间的增加而增高。综上表明,本试验建立了马BMSC细胞系,并成功诱导其分化为软骨细胞,为软骨损伤的干细胞治疗提供了试验依据。     

野猪骨髓间充质干细胞的分离培养与生物学特性

采用全骨髓培养法对野猪股骨中骨髓间充质干细胞（Bone mesenchymal stem cells,BMSC）进行分离、培养并传代,建立野猪骨髓间充质干细胞体外培养方法及对其生物学特性进行观察研究。结果显示,细胞形态呈梭形,漩涡状生长,生长曲线为典型S型,在诱导液作用下,可分化为成脂肪样细胞。结果表明,通过本方法能够分离到较纯的BMSC,为野猪资源保存和体细胞核移植提供技术支持。     

生长因子对兔骨髓间充质干细胞增殖的影响

旨在研究碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)对兔骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)体外生长及增殖的影响。体外培养并鉴定兔BMSCs,用不同浓度的bFGF(5、10、20、40、80和100μg.L-1)作用于兔BMSCs,用四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法(MTT)、流式细胞仪观察细胞的生长及增殖情况。结果,经免疫细胞化学法和分化反推法鉴定所分离培养的细胞为兔骨髓间充质干细胞;MTT法结果显示,bFGF浓度为80μg.L-1时细胞的增殖能力最强(P<0.01),在培养第3天即出现显著的促增殖作用(P<0.01);流式细胞仪结果显示,bFGF组BMSCs的增殖指数明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。说明bFGF有促进体外培养兔BMSCs增殖的作用,浓度为80μg.L-1时促增殖能力最强,可以作为体外扩增培养兔骨髓间充质干细胞的最佳培养条件。     

绵羊骨髓间充质干细胞分离培养与鉴定

旨在分离绵羊骨髓间充质干细胞(sheep bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, SBMSC),建立绵羊骨髓间充质干细胞系,为相关研究提供种子细胞。取新生健康绵羊肋骨为试验材料,利用贴壁法分离获得SBMSC;取生长良好的P3代细胞通过免疫荧光,进行CD73、CD90、CD105、CD106表型鉴定;取生长良好的P3代细胞分别进行成软骨、成脂、成骨方向的诱导,对诱导结果分别进行阿利新蓝、油红O和茜素红染色,鉴定分化结果。SBMSC呈成纤维样贴壁生长;体外培养P3代细胞表面标记物CD73、CD90、CD105和CD106完全符合标准;P3代细胞经软骨、脂肪、骨方向诱导3周后,经阿利新蓝染色,细胞呈亮蓝色;经油红O染色,细胞质内出现橙红色脂滴;茜素红染色表明聚集的细胞团中央能形成钙化结节。说明SBMSC经体外诱导培养后可向软骨细胞、脂肪细胞和成骨细胞分化,并具有明显的成软骨、成脂和成骨表型,表明SBMSC具有多向分化潜能。通过贴壁培养法建立了SBMSC完整的体外培养体系,为绵羊育种等方面提供种子细胞。     

骨髓间充质干细胞的研究进展

骨髓间充质干细胞是存在于骨髓中的除造血干细胞以外的另一类具有多向分化潜能的干细胞。在一定的诱导条件下 ,这类细胞可定向分化为多种造血以外组织 ,特别是中胚层和神经外胚层来源的组织细胞。例如成骨细胞、成软骨细胞、脂肪细胞、腱细胞、肌肉细胞、神经细胞等。骨髓间充质干细胞具有贴壁生长的特性 ,在体外易分离和扩增 ,还易于外源基因的转入和表达 ,在人类医学上被认为是一种理想的治疗性细胞和基因治疗中的靶细胞。本文针对骨髓间充质干细胞的研究进展和在临床医学上的应用进行综述     

骨髓间充质干细胞及其应用

间充质干细胞因具有多向分化潜能及植入体内无排斥反应等特性而被广泛应用于医学领域。作者就骨髓间充质干细胞的生物学特性、分离培养和鉴定及应用作一综述。     

朝藿定A对原代骨髓间充质干细胞向成骨细胞分化的作用

为了研究朝藿定A对原代骨髓间充质干细胞(bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,BMSCs)向成骨细胞分化的机制,本试验采用正常小鼠骨髓来源的间充质干细胞,通过观察朝藿定A对骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化、成脂分化和矿化能力的影响,应用ELISA技术,研究其抗骨质疏松作用及相关分子机制.结果 显...     

Neurogenic and cardiomyogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from minipig bone marrow

The present study investigated the potential of minipig bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) to differentiate in vitro into neuron- and cardiomyocyte-like cells. Isolated BM-MSCs exhibited a fibroblast-like morphology, expressed CD29, CD44 and CD90, and differentiated into osteocytes, adipocytes and chondrocytes. Upon induction in two different neuronal specific media, most of BM-MSCs acquired the distinctive morphological features and positively stained for nestin, neurofilament-M (NF-M), neuronal nuclei (NeuN), β-tubulin, galactocerebroside (Gal-C) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Expression of nestin, GFAP and NF-M was further demonstrated by RT-PCR and RT-qPCR. Following cardiomyogenic induction, MSCs exhibited a stick-like morphology with extended cytoplasmic processes, and formed cluster-like structures. The expression of cardiac specific markers α-smooth muscle actin, cardiac troponin T, desmin and α-cardiac actin was positive for immunofluorescence staining, and further confirmed by RT-PCR and RT-qPCR. In conclusion, our results showed the in vitro differentiation ability of porcine BM-MSCs into neuron-like and cardiomyocyte-like cells.     

体外诱导牛BMSC向上皮样细胞分化的研究

为培育转基因肉牛提供种子细胞以及进一步丰富牛骨髓间充质干细胞(bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell,BMSC)的多向分化潜能,利用细胞免疫荧光染色和分子生物学方法,初步探讨表皮生长因子和胰岛素体外诱导牛BMSC向上皮样细胞分化的可能性。利用含细胞因子的诱导液对纯化稳定的P4代牛BMSC进行体外诱导,并对诱导后的细胞进行细胞角蛋白18的细胞免疫荧光观察和细胞角蛋白19的RT-PCR鉴定。结果表明,诱导后细胞经细胞角蛋白18免疫荧光染色后出现明显的荧光。RT-PCR结果显示诱导分化后细胞角蛋白19基因在细胞中表达。因此,在体外,表皮生长因子和胰岛素可诱导牛BMSC初步分化为上皮样细胞。     

猪骨髓间充质干细胞分离培养和诱导分化脂肪细胞

采用全骨髓培养法分离猪骨髓间充质干细胞(Mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)并传代培养;取第4代纯化的MSCs在成脂诱导培养基中诱导分化;分化的成脂细胞用形态学和油红O染色法进行鉴定;用实时荧光定量PCR(Real-time PCR)检测成脂分化标志基因PPARγ2和LPL mRNA的表达情况。结果显示,分离培养的猪MSCs细胞经连续传代形态上无明显改变;MSCs在成脂分化培养液中诱导分化2d开始有少量脂滴出现,油红O染色成阳性,诱导18d成脂转化率可达59.8%;在诱导分化第5、10、15天时,PPARγ2mRNA相对表达量分别是(5.065±0.159)、(6.268±0.340)、(9.277±0.261),LPL mRNA的相对表达量分别是(10.995±1.473)、(13.130±0.712)、(15.762±0.934)。结果表明,用本诱导条件诱导猪MSCs向脂肪细胞分化,经形态学和油红O染色鉴定,成脂细胞分化率可达60%,且随分化时间的延长,脂肪细胞标志基因表达增加。     

DMSO对兔骨髓间充质干细胞诱导分化为胰岛细胞的影响

红细胞裂解法分离获得兔骨髓间充质干细胞(BM-MSCs),传代纯化培养并进行生物特性的鉴定。不同浓度二甲基亚砜(DMSO)(0、0.5%、1%、2%、4%)作用于贴壁前、贴壁后的兔BM-MSCs,四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法(MTT)观察细胞的形态、生长情况。DMSO体外诱导P3代兔BM-MSCs分化为胰岛细胞,观察诱导前后细胞形态学变化;双硫腙染色法初步鉴定胰岛细胞;免疫细胞化学检测胰岛素的表达;ELISA检测胰岛素的分泌。结果显示,原代、传代细胞呈成纤维细胞样,生长良好。DMSO对细胞的生长有抑制作用,细胞贴壁前、后的2种处理方法相比,DMSO对细胞生长抑制作用差异不显著(P0.05)。相对而言,DMSO浓度1%对细胞的生长损害作用较小。诱导分化过程中,细胞变圆,逐渐聚集,6d出现细胞聚集,随着诱导的继续,形成细胞团样结构,细胞团数逐渐增多;终末阶段试验组双硫腙染色呈明显的猩红色、免疫细胞化学法鉴定胰岛素表达显示阳性,ELISA检测细胞分泌胰岛素,诱导组7d和12d的胰岛素含量分别为(31.32±0.14)mU/L和(32.85±0.21)mU/L,与对照组的(25.02±0.55)mU/L和(25.06±2.46)mU/L比较,差异极显著。结果表明,DMSO可以用于诱导BM-MSCs分化,终末阶段形成分泌胰岛素的功能细胞,未来可以针对其诱导的高效性进一步进行研究。     

猪骨髓间充质干细胞分离培养及生物学特性

采集健康猪股骨骨髓,利用percoll梯度离心法分离单个核细胞,进行体外原代和传代培养,并用不同代数细胞进行了细胞生长能力、膜表面抗原(CD105、CD90、CD45)及诱导分化能力的检测.结果显示分离培养的单个核细胞贴壁生长,形态呈成纤维细胞样及涡旋状克隆团;细胞传代至第17代生长状况仍然良好;用F3代细胞进行膜表面抗原标记显示,CD90和CD105阳性表达率分别为(97.4±1.8)％和(99.6±0.9)％,而CD45阳性表达率仅为(1.8±0.55)％,证实这些细胞具有猪骨髓间充质干细胞(Mesenchymal stem Cells,MSCs)表面抗原;经地塞米松、维生素C和β-磷酸甘油等诱导F3代细胞,21d后出现钙物质沉积细胞群,用茜素红和Von kossa染色呈阳性,证实这些细胞已分化形成成骨细胞;经地塞米松、IBMX、胰岛素及吲哚美辛等诱导F3代细胞,21d后细胞质出现脂滴样结构,用油红O染色呈阳性,证实已分化形成成脂细胞;冷冻-解冻细胞的膜表面抗原及多能分化能力与未冻存细胞的检测结果基本一致.结果证实,从猪骨髓中分离培养及经传代扩增获得的贴壁细胞是纯化的MSCs.     

Optimisation of bone marrow aspiration from the equine sternum for the safe recovery of mesenchymal stem cells

Reasons for performing study: Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy for orthopaedic disease is being used with increasing frequency; there is a need to define a safe, reliable and effective technique for the recovery of MSCs from the sternum of the horse. Objectives: To describe an optimised safe technique for obtaining bone marrow‐derived MSCs from the sternum of the Thoroughbred horse. Methods: The anatomical relationship of the sternum with the heart and internal anatomy was demonstrated in cadavers. Sternal anatomy was evaluated ultrasonographically and after midline sectioning. Sternebrae were examined histologically after aspiration to determine the effect of needle insertion. The quality of the aspirate was evaluated as the number of colony‐forming units from sequential and separately aspirated 5 ml aliquots and assessed for their multipotency using trilineage differentiation. Results: The optimal safe location for the needle was the 5th sternebra because it had a safe dorsoventral thickness and was cranial to the apex of the heart. This sternebra could be reliably identified ultrasonographically. Aspirates could also be obtained from the 4th and 6th sternebrae, although the former is between the front limbs and the latter closer to the heart. Minimal disruption of the internal bony architecture was seen after needle insertion through the thin outer cortex and the first 5 ml aliquot contained the greatest number of colony‐forming units of mesenchymal stem cells with trilineage capabilities. Conclusions: Accurate placement of a Jamshidi needle into the medullary cavity of the 4th–6th individual sternebrae is facilitated by the use of ultrasonography and enables aspiration of bone marrow reliably with minimal damage to the sternum and risk to the horse. Potential clinical relevance: Sternal marrow aspiration as described is a safe and reliable technique to obtain MSCs for orthopaedic cell‐based therapies.     

Comparative characteristic study from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells

Tissue engineering has been extensively investigated and proffered to be a potential platform for novel tissue regeneration. The utilization of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from various sources has been widely explored and compared. In this regard, MSCs derived from bone marrow have been proposed and described as a promising cell resource due to their high yield of isolated cells with colony-forming potential, self-renewal capacity, MSC surface marker expression, and multi-lineage differentiation capacities in vitro. However, there is evidence for bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs) both in vitro and in vivo from different species presenting identical and distinct potential stemness characteristics. In this review, the fundamental knowledge of the growth kinetics and stemness properties of BM-MSCs in different animal species and humans are compared and summarized. Finally, to provide a full perspective, this review will procure results of current information studies focusing on the use of BM-MSCs in clinical practice.