搞好渔政管理发展水库渔业

桃源县地处湘西北丘陵山区，现有水库315座，其中大型1座、中型8座、小型306座，共有养鱼水面64113亩。1986年，全县水库渔业总产62．51万公斤，比1984和1985年分别增长了65％以上。水库渔业之所以发展较快，原因之一就是采取了行之有效的渔政管理措施。     

加强渔政队伍建设促进水库渔业发展

察尔森水库平均水深22 m,兴利库容10.67亿 m3,可养鱼水面4 670 hm2.水库渔政管理站职工7人,培训上岗.严格内部制度管理,文明执法,严格执法;加强法律、法规宣传力度,增强库区村民的法律意识;依靠当地政府,渔政、公安联合执法.     

如何加强水库渔政管理

水库是为了防洪、发电、灌溉或其它目的，由拦河蓄水等形成的人工水域。在社会环境、地理条件、渔业生态等方面，有异于其它水域。水库渔政管理，必须把《渔业法》的基本原则与水库具体特点有机结合，因地制宜，灵活应用，形成具有水库特点且切实可行的渔政管理。下面就如何加强水库渔政管理谈点看法。     

以改革为动力强化渔政管理使水库渔业再上新台阶

泥河水库是省水利厅直属的一座大型平原水库,地跨绥化、兰西、呼兰两县一市,是距离省城哈尔滨最近的一座大型水库。泥河水库总库容1.0亿立方米,兴利库容7500万立方米,宜渔面积40000亩。水库始建于1958年,由于横跨三个行政区,毗邻十四个村屯,地理条件和社会环境复杂,建库近四十年水面一直都不能得到开发利用,处于荒芜状态。每年都有近千只渔船,上万人在库区内掠夺式经营,竭泽而渔,各种网具在水库内纵横交错,密如蛛网。水库原有9科28     

关于大型水库渔政工作的思考

本文根据潘家口水库等大型水库渔政管理工作比较落后的实际情况,指出了目前所存在的问题,深入分析了产生的原因及后果。以农业部《关于进一步加快渔业发展的意见》及有关法律法规为基本原则,提出了改进措施。     

采取有效措施 发展水库渔业

位于益阳县赫山镇郊的梓山冲水库，有效水面960亩，库容1037立方米．1986年，生产鲜鱼102．7吨，比上年增产22．7吨，增长28．4％，单产由上1年的83．5公斤增加到107公斤，共创产值14．716万元，创利润6万元，分别比上年增长11．g％、23．5％。     

谱写南湾水库渔业发展新篇章

20世纪80年代，南湾水库为扭转“有资源、没效益”局面，决定采取经营承包的方式发展水库渔业。承包人获得承包权之后，却不着重考虑渔业长远发展大计，而是片面追求短期效益。表现在一是不按承诺投放鱼苗；二是疯狂捕捞，竭泽而渔；三是管理跟不上，炸鱼、毒鱼、电鱼、偷捕鱼等破坏渔业资源现象严     

浅议水库渔政管理

<正> 渔政管理使渔业生产、渔业经营走向法制化,是水库渔业深入发展的必然产物。弄清水库渔政管理的含义、作用、特点,采取积极措施,加强水库渔政管理工作,对促进水库渔业效益的提高,意义十分重大。     

Fisheries research and fisheries legislation

A statement of the principles and policies of fisheries administration and management is presented as a basis for a plea for linguistic precision and avoidance of ambiguity in the various usages of fisheries science.     

渔业行政自由裁量权应考虑的几个因素

渔业行政自由裁量权是指渔业行政主体在渔业法律规定的范围和幅度内,基于法律规定的目的和宗旨,自主寻求判断事实与法律的最佳结合点,并据此作出或不作出具体行政行为的权力,它具有法定性,自主选择性,相对性等特点.保证渔业行政主体依法行使行政自由裁量权是密切政府与渔民的关系,提高渔业行政机关的工作质量的需要.     

The neglected role of religion in fisheries management

Religion and spirituality have long played important roles in fishery systems around the world, and yet are often neglected in modern fisheries management and research. We review current literature and analyse the major small‐scale fishery on Lake Tanganyika, Africa, to highlight how religion may mediate fishing behaviours. Our study surveyed 154 fishers across 11 landing sites in Tanzania, followed by 15 semi‐structured interviews with key informants including fishery officers and local religious leaders. We identified key connections between religious beliefs/practices and fisher perceptions, behaviour and compliance with harvest restrictions and regulations. We demonstrate that better understanding and accounting for religious dimensions is critical for engaging with fishery stakeholders more effectively and managing global fisheries more sustainably.     

越南外向型渔业成效显著

《中国渔业报》(2007.6.4)载:据联合国农业食品部透露,越南水产品已经连续5年保持生产量排名世界第五,仅次于中国、印度、印度尼西亚和菲律宾.日前,越南国家授予渔业部门金星奖,并宣布水产工业是国家重要的经济部门之一.     

发展无公害渔业之我见

随着社会的进步和经济的发展,生活水平的不断提高,人们对农产品的要求越来越高,无公害农产品越来越受到青睐,成为市场的宠儿.我国加入WTO后,我国农产品将面临新的挑战,国际市场特别是欧美一些国家对进口农产品的环境质量及无公害控制标准越来越严,绿色壁垒大有取代传统的关税壁垒的趋势.     

内河渔业行政管理之我见

内河渔业行政执法是保护淡水渔业资源,维持内河生产秩序,维护渔民合法权益的重要手段。各级渔业行政执法主管部门、渔政执法大队及其工作人员,认真贯彻执行《渔业法》,坚持依法治渔,促进渔业生产持续、快速、健康发展,发挥了重要作用。但是,随着国家对“三农”的重视,对渔业、渔民的政策扶持以及“燃油补贴”出台,渔业行政执法管理存在一些新的问题。     

浅析我国渔政应急管理

在市场经济背景下,政府和渔政部门等相关管理主体的基本职责是依法调控渔业经济发展,维护渔业生产秩序,保护渔业生产者的合法权益、保护渔业生物资源和渔业环境等。但是在管理过程中常遇到突发事件,此时管理主体如何采取应急措施及时遏制突发事件造成的损失,并保障管理相对人的合法权益等。本文就渔政应急管理进行阐述,并提出应急对策。     

Payments for ecosystem services in developing world fisheries

Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) is a powerful economic tool that gives positive conditional incentives for the provision of additional ecosystem services over the status quo, which has been used widely in terrestrial conservation. Interest in the concept of marine PES has recently emerged, but the fluid, transboundary and often common pool nature of marine ecosystems presents challenges for PES design and implementation. Here, we consider the potential role of PES in addressing current gaps in fisheries management. Used in combination with conventional regulatory approaches, PES may increase private sector engagement and generate more sustainable financing for fisheries management whilst spreading accountability throughout the supply chain. The approach is most likely to be feasible and effective in commercially valuable fisheries with: (i) demand for one or more ecosystem service and a threat to supply; (ii) suitable baseline data available and potential management actions underpinned by robust science; (iii) clarity and security of property rights; (iv) capacity for hybrid multi‐level governance; (v) capacity for rigorous monitoring, control and surveillance; and (vi) potential for financial sustainability of the scheme. An examination of four contrasting fisheries – Namibian hake, Mozambican shallow‐water shrimp, Western and Central Pacific skipjack tuna and Bangladesh hilsa – demonstrates that a developing world fishery will rarely fulfil each of these preconditions a priori, but that the potential for successful application of PES still exists. In practice, PES design will depend on the institutional context and require creative and innovative approaches to the maintenance of conditionality and additionality.     

大水面开发管理对策

九十年代初,我省开 始了在大型湖泊、水库进 行分割围栏、鱼蟹混养的 高潮,开始两年取得了较 大的经济效益,随后,随着 围拦的不断扩大,湖区、库 区生态环境遭到了改变, 鱼类的禁渔区、保护区遭 到了严重破坏,开发效益 急剧下降,９５％以上的开 发养殖户亏损,导致最后 霸占水面、抢占水面,使渔 船失去了多数的捕捞场 所,使渔民失去了多年来 祖祖辈辈赖以生存和生活 基地,给渔业船舶的安全 管理和检验工作带来较大 的难度、出现了证照不全。 无证渔船增多、副业渔船 增多、电捕船增多的“三 多”现象,渔业船舶的航行 和作业安全…     

Broadbill swordfish: status of established fisheries and lessons for developing fisheries

Guidelines for the assessment and management of developing swordfish fisheries are derived through an examination of five swordfish fisheries. As they develop, swordfish fisheries may be inclined to local depletion around underwater features, such as seamounts and banks. Few nations have applied the precautionary approach in managing their developing swordfish fisheries. Without controls, swordfish fisheries expand geographically and fishing effort increases, often overshooting optimum levels. However, it is difficult to distinguish clear evidence of fishery collapse; modern longliners harvest widely distributed tuna and swordfish and they are able to relocate to distant areas or switch between target species in response to fluctuations in species abundance and price. Furthermore, the wide distribution of swordfish combined with year‐round spawning and high growth rates amongst juveniles probably contribute to the apparent resilience of swordfish stocks to intensive harvesting. Over half the world’s swordfish catch is taken as an incidental catch of longliners fishing for tuna. In several areas, such as the North Atlantic, catch quotas have sometimes caused tuna longline fishers to discard swordfish. Minimum size limits have also resulted in discarding of swordfish in tuna fisheries and in dedicated swordfish fisheries. In addition to weakening the effectiveness of those management measures, bycatch and discarding add to the complexities of managing swordfish fisheries and to uncertainties in assessing the stocks. Longliners that target swordfish often fish at high latitudes where interactions with marine wildlife, such as seabird, are generally more frequent than at low latitudes. Concern over incidental catches of marine wildlife and other species is becoming a driving force in the management of several swordfish fisheries. Fishery management organisations will need to implement management measures to protect non‐target species and gather reliable data and information on the situation by placing observers on boats fishing for swordfish.