在ERDAS IMAGINE中建立邯郸市TM影像土地类型解译标志

为了准确地了解邯郸市的土地利用类型,掌握土地资源的发展动态,在ERDAS IMAGINE软件支持下,将Landsat5号卫星所得的TM4、3、2波段数据组合输出成为标准假彩色影像,对其进行几何校正、重采样、图像裁剪与镶嵌等操作,依据遥感图像特征、地物相关关系、区域特点和全国土地利用分类系统,对处理后所得的邯郸市TM影像...     

TM影像在甘肃省森林资源连续清查中正判率的探讨

针对制约正判率的因素，采用直拉解译法、逻辑推理法和对比分析法进行室内判读，判读结束后抽取具有普遍代表性的判读点和和解译时有绺的判读点进行野外验证和校对，再进行室内修正和补充，对白龙江林业管理局迭部、舟曲、洮河3个林业局TM影像判读与实地调查结果相比较，正判率为96.0%，完全满足了精度要求。     

遥感目视判读(TM)影象在森林资源调查中应用的探讨

针对我省森林资源分布的特点,结合地面调查和遥感技术的有利手段,及时的掌握地面资源信息量和技术资料,为制定林业政策,林业规划提供可靠的数据保证.     

基于高分辨率卫星影像的县级土地利用调查研究

在分析传统县级土地利用调查技术的基础上,提出基于高分辨率卫星影像的县级土地利用调查方法.采用具有0.70 m空间分辨率的QuickBird卫星影像,以贵州省望谟县局部地区为例开展了土地利用调查.首先在ENVI环境下进行影像增强、影像融合,然后在实地采用静态差分GPS测量方式采集控制点对影像进行几何校正,建立解译标志;采用基于ARcView平台开发设计的交互式影像判读系统进行影像判读,获得土地利用图斑及其属性信息;之后使用GeoWay软件分层矢量化其他地理要素,并按要求建立其属性表;在ArcCIS环境里进行叠加分析、入库和编制土地利用图调查结果具有较高的精确度,调查方法具有较好的实用性.     

卫星遥感影像目视解译在森林资源调查中的应用分析

遥感影像目视解译的目的是从遥感影像中获取所需的地学专题信息,判读其分布,并对其数量特征给予粗略的估计。森林资源分布,蓄积量,林地生产力,资源管理等都能在遥感影像上有所体现,正确地目视解译能够提高森林资源调查的准确性和可靠性。对今后林业的发展和规划具有重要应用价值和社会效益。并针对其存在的问题,提出了解决对策。     

内蒙古大兴安岭林区TM卫片影像特征分析

随着航天遥感技术的发展,利用航天遥感图像资料进行森林资源规划设计调查和森林资源监测是推进林业调查技术进步的发展方向,是引进新技术、实现科技兴林的历史任务,也是天然林保护工程实施后加强森林资源监督管理的重要手段。文章通过对内蒙古大兴安岭林区TM卫星照片影像特征分析,为今后林区运用TM卫片进行森林资源规划设计调查和森林资源监测、监督管理提供参考依据。     

遥感目视判读(TM)影象在森林资源调查中应用的探讨

针对辽宁省森林资源分布的特点,结合地面调查和遥感技术的有利手段,及时的掌握地面资源信息量和技术资料,为制定林业政策,林业规划提供可靠的数据保证。     

影像解译在贵州省森林资源连续清查中的应用研究

为了提高贵州省森林资源连续清查中各类土地利用类型的监测精度,在Landsat TM遥感影像处理的基础上建立贵州省的土地类型解译标志,综合利用“3S”技术建立能与图形数据库互查的属性数据库,实现全省遥感样地的计算机管理.     

QuickBird影像目视判读在土地利用类型调查中的应用研究

利用Q u ickB ird影像数据进行土地利用类型调查过程中采用人工目视判读或人机交互式判读方法能获取相对准确的土地利用类型信息。目视判读的难点是对易混淆地类和森林类型的判读,包括草地与农田、灌木林与果园地、经济林与用材林、陡坡地与常年旱地等。通过适当的前期图像处理,以建立解译标志为基础,采取综合的判读方法可将上述类型大部分判读出来。     

森林资源调查中SPOT5遥感影像屏幕目视判读方法探讨

森林资源调查是国家森林资源监测体系的重要组成部分,是极其重要的林业基础工作。本文结合洛川县森林资源规划调查工作实践,根据SPOT5高分辨率卫星影像特点,从屏幕目视判读区划工作流程和方法等方面探讨SPOT5信息提取,对调查成果做了分析。结果表明：采用SPOT5高分辨率卫星影像屏幕目视判读区划方法组织森林资源规划调查,是切实可行的,能够大幅度提高调查工作效率、保证了调查成果的精度和可靠性。     

岷江上游地区土地利用变化及潜在生态服务价值评估

为了定量分析岷江上游地区生态系统服务功能及其价值变化,运用遥感、地理信息系统和一系列数学方法对其评估,为更好的管理生态系统提供合理化建议.结果表明：土地利用转换主要发生在森林,农田和草地之间.从1986年到1994年,农田面积增加了60801hm^2,比1986年增长了477%;林地面积减少了89012.17hm^2,占原有面积的4.97%.人口增长和森林砍伐降低了森林生态系统服务价值,相应地农田生态系统服务价值升高.生态系统总的服务价值从1986年到2000年减少了771.11亿元.本文还探讨了生态系统服务价值变化的驱动力,其中国家政策在生态系统服务功能保护上起到了一定的作用.     

Monitoring the effects of land use and cover changes on net primary production: A case study in China's Yongding River basin

Changing land uses and cover types influence vegetation composition and health, so understanding the effects of these changes on net primary production (NPP) provides an important tool for monitoring ecosystem responses to environmental change. Using remote-sensing images and precipitation, temperature, and total solar radiation data from 1978, 1987, 2000, and 2005, and a light utilization efficiency model, we studied the effects of changes in these parameters and land use and cover types on NPP in China's Yongding River basin. We determined the NDVI of vegetation in the basin, and used these results to estimate the NPP of vegetation in the basin and the influence of land use and cover type changes on NPP under two climate scenarios: one in which the precipitation and temperature of the previous period remain unchanged into the following period, that is, use the climate in 1978, 1987 and 2000 to analyze NPP data in 1987, 2000 and 2005 respectively, and another in which both parameters remain constant at their 1978 values throughout the study period. With the climate unchanged from the former period, NPP in 1987 decreased compared with the 1978 value by 20–50 gC/m², and then increased by more than 40 gC/m² in western and central parts of the basin from 1987 to 2000. From 2000 to 2005, NPP decreased in the northwestern, northern, and eastern parts of the basin. With climate unchanged from 1978 to 2005, NPP increased from 1987 to 2000 by from 10 to 30 gC/m² in most areas. From 2000 to 2005, some farmland in western and northwestern parts of the basin and some forest land were converted into grassland, decreasing NPP by 40–50 gC/m².     

Linking physical, economic and institutional constraints of land use change and forest conservation in the hills of Nepal

This paper analyses the changes in spatial patterns of agricultural land use during the period 1976–2000 along the altitudinal gradients in a watershed in Nepal. Land change patterns during this period were examined using information on land use derived from satellite images from 1976, 1990 and 2000. During the 24-year period from 1976 to 2000 agricultural land use increased by 35% at a cost of loss of forestland. Agricultural expansion was most conspicuous at higher elevations (1150–2000-m). About 36%, 18% and 6% of forestland was converted into agricultural activities from higher, middle and lower elevations respectively in the period from 1990 to 2000. Spatial distribution of living standard parameters, including farm family income and, food availability obtained from family surveys, shows a decreasing trend as the elevation increases whereas percentage of food bought shows an increasing trend. In this way it was found that, lost forest areas were smaller when located around high-income areas with good quality agricultural land and near an administrative centre as compared to areas located around low-income areas with low quality agricultural land and far from an administrative centre. Additionally, a regression model is constructed, to link the socioeconomic variables with the conversion of forestland into agricultural activities, breaking the study area into smaller zones. The spatial trajectories of these zones are then contrasted, paying particular attention to the socioeconomic conditions and institutional arrangements governing access to land resources. The study finds that while overall land change patterns in the region are largely explained by elevation and the socioeconomic conditions of people living adjacent to the forestland, more specifically, in sub-regional areas, trajectories reflect the signatures of institutions governing access to land. As sustainability of the watershed is dependent on forests, continued depletion of forest resources will result in poor economic returns from agriculture for local people together with loss of ecosystem services.