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灰树花多糖对鲫鱼免疫功能的影响 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
以灰树花多糖(Polysaccharide of Grifola frondosa,PGF)药饵连续投喂鲫鱼35d,通过测定血清凝集抗体效价、超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性、离体白细胞吞噬活性(phagocytic activity)、吞噬细胞杀菌活性(bactericidal activity),研究灰树花多糖对水产动物特别是鲫鱼免疫功能的影响。试验设计以不同剂量(分别为250mg/kg鱼体重、400mg/kg鱼体重、500mg/kg鱼体重、600mg/kg鱼体重、1000mg/kg鱼体重)的灰树花多糖药饵饲喂试验鲫鱼,分别于第0、7、14、2l、28、35d用血凝板法、MTT染色法进行免疫学指标测定。结果表明,各添加水平均可增强鲫鱼的免疫功能,其中剂量为400mg/kg、500mg/kg和600mg/kg的吞噬活性及杀菌活性与对照组相比存在极显著性差异(P〈0.01),而剂量为250mg/kg、1000mg/kg时,杀菌活性均与对照组相比存在显著性差异(P〈0.05);400mg/kg组、500mg/kg和600mg/kg组的SOD活性与对照组相比存在极显著性差异(P〈0.01);400mg/kg组、500mg/kg和600mg/kg组的血清凝集抗体效价最高为1:256,250mg/kg和1000mg/kg组的血清凝集抗体效价最高为1:32。各项指标的峰值出现在第2~3周。 相似文献
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以日本对虾(Penaeus japonicus)为实验对象,测定海藻糖对日本对虾部分免疫指标的影响.结果表明:注射海藻糖后,日本对虾血清的凝血活性增强,注射后96h,0.4%浓度组凝血活性达到最高,为对照组的2.5倍;注射后48h到96h,超氧化物歧化酶活性维持在一个较高的水平(p<0.05);酸性磷酸酶活性在注射48h时最高,明显高于对照组;溶血素活性在注射海藻糖后有明显增强,注射后48h,0.4%浓度组的活力达到最高,而0.2%浓度组分别在24h和96h时,溶血素活力达到峰值;注射海藻糖对血清抗菌活力基本没有影响,说明海藻糖对日本对虾的抗菌活力没有增强作用. 相似文献
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用日本对虾(Penaeus japonicus)亲虾的血清与11株弧菌和7种脊椎动物的红细胞进行凝集反应实验,其中,溶藻弧菌HW283的凝集效价最高,达4096,而产气弧菌和海蛹弧菌的凝集效价最低,仅为8;与红细胞的凝集结果显示,对虾血清与大白鼠,小白鼠,豚鼠的红细胞反应较强,与鸡、人、山羊、兔的红细胞反应较弱,表明日本对虾血清中存在自然凝集素,养成期的日本对虾经弧菌菌苗免疫后,对该致病菌株的抵抗力获得提高,病原感染组,对照组和菌苗免疫组的对虾血清分析对豚鼠,大白鼠和小白鼠红细胞的凝集强度皆为感染组>对照组>免疫组。 相似文献
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免疫多糖对草鱼免疫功能的影响 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
首次在草鱼饵料中添加不同剂量的免疫多糖,测定草鱼血清中溶菌活力及超氧化物岐化酶活力,结果表明免疫多糖对草鱼免疫系统有明显的激活作用。池塘应用试验也表明,免疫多糖可显著增强草鱼对病毒性出血病的抵抗能力,提高成活率和产量,具有广阔的生产应用前景。认为添加2 ̄3%免疫多糖可达到较好免疫效果。 相似文献
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研究了PH胁迫对日本对虾血清非特异性免疫因子及对虾肌肉RNA/DNA比值的影响.结果表明,低pH胁迫组(pH 7.2)和高pH胁迫组(PH 9.2)总一氧化氮合成酶(TNOS)活力分别在3、12 h时达到最大;而诱导型一氧化氮合成酶(INOS)活力在3 h时达到最大值,随着胁迫时间的延长,酶活力逐渐降低,至72 h趋于稳定,并表现出高PH变化免疫适应能力较差的现象.两pH胁迫组酚氧化酶(PO)活力呈现峰值变化,在12 h时达到最大值,之后逐渐降低,至72 h后趋于稳定.溶茵酶(LZM)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)活力随着pH胁迫时间的增加而降低,同样表现出高PH变化免疫适应能力较差的现象.另外,PH胁迫条件下日本对虾的肌肉RNA/DNA比值显著低于正常对照组日本对虾肌肉的RNA/DNA比值,这可能是由于pH胁迫影响了对虾体内的物质代谢所致. 相似文献
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试验用不同剂量的黄芪多糖注射液给犬肌肉注射,分别在注射前和注射后第七、十四天检测犬的机体免疫球蛋白(IgG,IgM,IgA)、补体C3、C4和白细胞(WBC)、淋巴细胞(Ly)、红细胞(RBC)的含量,将12只健康犬分为四组(即对照组为生理盐水、低剂量组为0.1mL/(kg体重)、中剂量组为0.5mL/(kg体重)、高剂量组为1mL/(kg体重))。试验结果表明:黄芪多糖注射液能很好的提高犬机体的免疫效果,其中中剂量[0.5mL/(kg体重))的黄芪多糖对犬的免疫增强效果比高剂量组和低剂量组的效果要好。 相似文献
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不同底质对日本对虾生长的影响 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
池底为砂质和泥砂质时日本对虾的生长情况较好,水泥池底则较差。在砂质池底和泥砂质池底的池中,水质情况也较好,同样,水泥池底则较差。 相似文献
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RanGTPases, one superfamily of small G protein family, have been demonstrated to be involved in the innate immune system and they are up‐regulated after pathogen infection. However, the regulation mechanism of RanGTPases remains unclear. In this study, the 5′ flanking region of shrimp RanGTPase gene was cloned and sequenced. To detect the activity of the promoter, pIZΔIE/EGFP was modified from pIZ/V5‐His by replacing the OPIE2 promoter with this promoter and inserting enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) gene downstream. The promoter can drive the expression of reporter EGFP gene in Hi5 insect cells, indicating the promoter has activity. These results extend our previous findings and provide insights into the molecular regulation of RanGTPase gene expression, which will be helpful for shrimp viral disease control. 相似文献
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环境胁迫对对虾免疫系统的影响研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
环境胁迫(environmental stress)是指环境对生物所处的生存状态产生的压力,分为急性环境胁迫和慢性环境胁迫。捕捞、干扰、水质的突变等可以引起急性环境胁迫,而水质逐渐恶化和高密度放养等会造成慢性胁迫。近年来随着人类活动范围的不断扩大和程度的加深,环境资源受到了很大的破坏,养殖对虾受到的环境胁迫日益严重。这些胁迫可使对虾产生应激反应,虽然这是一种保护性反应,但持续处于应激状态,机体的免疫防御体系的功能会受到抑制,就会影响到其抗病力。当前对虾的病害越来越严重,大规模的死亡已经成为制约养殖业发展的瓶颈。 相似文献
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水温18.2-21.9 ℃和盐度30-32下,在室内200 L塑料水槽中添加不同的碳源(葡萄糖、蔗糖、玉米淀粉、地瓜粉等)形成生物絮团,养殖体重(0.9±0.1 )g/只的仿刺参(Apostichopus japonicus )幼参2个月,探讨水体中的生物絮团对其体内主要消化酶和免疫性酶活性的影响。结果表明,养殖水体中添加淀粉、蔗糖有利于提高幼参体内消化酶(淀粉酶、蛋白酶)的活性。复合碳源组(葡萄糖:果糖:蔗糖:玉米淀粉:地瓜粉=0:3:4:2:1)幼参胃蛋白酶活性(10.63 U/mg prot)显著高于其它组,复合碳源更利于提高幼参胃蛋白酶活性。复合碳源组(葡萄糖:果糖:蔗糖:玉米淀粉:地瓜粉=1:2:4:1:2),幼参体壁中ALP活性最高,为2.66 U/mg;而玉米淀粉组中,幼参体液中SOD活性(204.66 U/mg )显著高于其他各试验组(P < 0.05)。添加碳源后制得的生物絮团可以提高幼参机体的免疫功能。 相似文献
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Renata Albuquerque Costa Lorena Pontes Colares Rayza Araújo Lima Regine Helena Silva dos Fernandes Vieira Oscarina Viana de Sousa 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2012,43(5):727-732
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of seawater (SW) on the activity of antibiotics belonging to 10 families (aminoglycosides, aminopenicillins, carbapenems, β‐lactams, chloramphenicols, monobactams, nitrofurans, quinolones, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines) against Vibrio strains isolated from hemolymph of Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, farmed in Northeastern Brazil and standard strain Vibrio cholera ATCC 19582. Susceptibility of the strains to antibiotics was determined by disk diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by macrodilution method. The media Mueller–Hinton agar and broth used in the above methods were diluted in distilled water (control, 1% NaCl, pH 7.5) and SW (2.5% NaCl, pH 7.5). The antibiotics most affected by dilution in SW were tetracycline, penicillin, cephalothin, aztreonam, ampicillin, and imipenem, as indicated by a considerable increase in the number of strains classified as intermediate or resistance. Thus, in this study, the efficiency of these antibiotics on Vibrio strains was found to be reduced by contact with SW. 相似文献
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黄芪多糖对仿刺参非特异性免疫功能的影响 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
向刺参体腔中注射相同体积(500 μl)的无菌黄芪多糖溶液后第1、3、6 d,测定体腔液中溶菌酶、超氧化物歧化酶、碱性磷酸酶活性及补体C3的含量,研究黄芪多糖对刺参免疫系统的影响.每头刺参多糖含量分别达0.2、0.4、0.6 mg,溶菌酶、超氧化物歧化酶、碱性磷酸酶活性及补体C3含量均在注射后第3 d达到最高,且前3种指标以0.6 mg/头剂量组最高,分别达到232.25 U/ml,45.1 U/ml,966.5 nkat/L;C3含量则以0.4 mg/头剂量效果最好,达到0.09 g/L.经SPSS软件分析,均与对照组差异显著(P<0.05),表明黄芪多糖具有增强刺参免疫功能的作用. 相似文献
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Hayun Jo Seunghan Lee Hyeonho Yun Jeongwhui Hong Mohammad Moniruzzaman Sungchul C. Bai Gunhyun Park Seokwoo Chee Tae‐Eun Jeon 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2017,48(4):583-591
A 12‐wk feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of the dietary fishmeal analogue (FMA) adding 2% shrimp soluble extract (SSE) on growing rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Fish averaging 146 ± 3.8 g (mean ± SD) were randomly distributed into 500‐L aquaria as groups of 20 fish per tank. Fish were fed the experimental diets in triplicate groups to apparent satiation twice a day on a dry matter basis. Each group was fed one of the four experimental diets: control (FM100% + FMA0%), FMA0 (FM100% + FMA0% + SSE2%), FMA12 (FM88% + FMA12% + SSE2%), and FMA24 (FM76% + FMA24% + SSE2%). After the feeding trial, weight gain and specific growth rate of fish fed the FMA0 and FMA12 diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed the FMA24 diet (P < 0.05). Feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio values of fish fed the control, FMA0, and FMA12 diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed the FMA24 diet (P < 0.05). The values of superoxide dismutase activity showed significantly higher amounts for the FMA0, FMA12, and FMA24 groups than the control group (P < 0.05). Lysozyme activity in the FMA12 group was significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.05). Therefore, according to our results, FMA with additive SSE can be used up to 12% as a substitute of fishmeal for growing rainbow trout. 相似文献