牛结核病的流行病学特点及其预防控制

牛结核病是一种慢性消耗性人畜共患病,能够在人和牛之间相互传播,为人类健康带来巨大威胁。文章阐述了结核病在人和牛之间传播的流行病学特点,并对目前牛结核病的最新诊断方法、预防措施和处理手段进行了介绍,旨在为牛结核病的控制和根除提供依据。     

内蒙古兴安盟牛皮蝇蛆病的病原种类及流行病学的季节动态研究

1997年7月至2000年3月，对内蒙古兴安盟5个旗县市15个乡(苏木镇)的483头牛进行了牛皮蝇蛆病的流行病学调查，对21个乡(苏木镇)的307头牛进行皮蝇各龄幼虫寄生季节动态监到。结果表明，该病病原为纹皮蝇蛆和牛皮蝇蛆，其中纹皮蝇蛆是当地的优势虫种。经临床检查，其感染率为80．53％，感染强度为2--73个。尸体剖检证实皮蝇各龄幼虫感染率在50％—100％，感染强度1—193个。兴安盟的地理环境和自然因素是造成牛皮蝇蛆病在该地区流行的客观条件。     

牛结核病

概述 结核病是由结核分支杆菌复合群引起的各种疾病的总称。结核分支杆菌复合群包括人结核分支杆菌、牛分支杆菌、非洲分支杆菌和其它分支杆菌。非典型结核分支杆菌复合群(MOTT)包括禽分支杆菌亚型，鸟一细胞内分支杆菌；非典型结核分支杆菌已从无免疫应答反应的人身上分离到(如那些染有免疫缺陷病毒的人)，而从免疫力强的人身上通常不能分离到。     

乌市牛结核病的检疫防治

结核病是一种人畜共患的慢性传染病，对人畜危害很大。本病在我市主要呈散发，１９５６－１９８９年，我市共检出阳性牛 １１９３头，占检疫牛数的 ３．０２％。自 １９９１年－ １９９９年，我市共检疫奶牛结核病 ４５ ３６８头，检出阳性牛１６０头，捕杀１６０头。从１９９０年至今，我市畜牧兽医检疫草原工作总站每年坚持进行两次防检工作，坚持淘汰病畜，免疫阳性犊牛，加强治疗管理等综合性防制措施，阳性率大大降低。１流行病学为牛结核菌，无芽胞、荚膜。本病通过呼吸道、消化道传染，由病牛咳嗽喷出的飞沫或飞扬在空气中的被污染的…     

牛结核病的病原及防制措施

结核病是结核分枝杆菌引起的人、畜、家禽和野生动物共患的慢性传染病,其特征为渐进性消瘦和在患病组织器官上形成结核结节、干酪样坏死病灶和钙化病变。     

牛结核病的病原、临床症状、诊断方法及综合防治措施

牛结核病是由牛分枝杆菌引起的一种人畜共患传染病,该病在世界各地均有发生,随着我国养牛业的持续发展,牛结核病的发病率也在逐步提高,不仅对养牛产业有着严重的影响,同时也危害人类健康安全.本文介绍了牛结核病的病原、临床症状、诊断方法以及综合防治措施,以供参考.     

牛结核病研究进展

牛结核病(bovine tuberculosis)是由牛分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium bovis)和结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis)所引起的一种人畜共患的慢性消耗性传染病,可通过病畜传染给人类或其他动物。牛结核病在世界各国均有发生,在我国依然是最常见的多发性疾病,牛结核病有众多的宿主谱,几乎可以感染所有的温血脊椎动物。牛结核病的传染流行严重地影响到畜牧业的持续健康发展,不仅造成奶牛乳房炎、结核性胸膜炎等疾病,还造成牛奶产乳率和乳质下降,更严重威胁着人类的身心健康。     

鹿结核病的流行及防控进展

鹿结核病是由牛分枝杆菌引起的鹿的慢性、消耗性传染病,广泛流行于世界各地,严重危害着养鹿业的发展,同时也威胁着人类健康和其他动物的安全。为保证养鹿业的发展和人类的健康,对该病进行有效防控显得十分重要。美国、新西兰等国家通过对可疑感染的鹿群进行持续性监测和利用捕猎季节减少感染鹿群的数量等策略,成功实现了对鹿结核的控制。现对国内外鹿结核病的流行现状、诊断技术及疫苗研究进行综述,以期为鹿结核病的防控提供借鉴。     

Epidemiology of bovine dictyocaulosis in Denmark

A field experiment was conducted over two grazing seaons with calves on a permanent pasture in order to follow the pattern of infection with Dictyocaulus viviparus. Infective larvae persisted during the first, but not during the second, winter of observation. By means of the agar-bile herbage technique, a moderate first peak of infection was demonstrated in the pasture 2–3 weeks before the appearance of respiratory signs in the calves. Fluctuations in faecal larval output were reflected in the herbage contamination with infective larvae close to faecal pats. This, as well as the horizontal dispersion of larvae in the pasture, took place in less than a week. The proportion of lungworm larvae recovered away from faeces was low during a period of dry and hot weather while herbage sampling at two-hour intervals during two days showed an increase in herbage contamination with lungworm larvae, but not with trichostrongyle larvae between 10 a.m. and 12 noon.The infectivity of the pasture was monitored by tracer calves and compared with the results of the pasture sampling. The general course of the infection in the calves and in the pasture was the results of interaction between them. In addition, the pasture infection was influenced by climate and the infection in the calves by the development of immunity. The course of infection in individuals appeared to have an influence on the general course of the infection through the contamination of the pasture.     

Diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis

Extract

In any scheme for the eradication of bovine tuberculosis, the aim is to do so as efficiently as possible. There are a number of tests which can be used on the living animal which attempt to classify it as “tuberculous” or “non-tuberculous”. The fate of the animal probably depends on the result. Unfortunately, none of these tests is perfect. It is important, then, to know the relative merits of these tests and. how they should be used.     

Epidemiology of bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis in Zambia

The serological prevalence of bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis in the traditional farming sector of six provinces of Zambia was determined using the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for babesiosis and the card agglutination test (CAT) for anaplasmosis. Antibodies to Babesia bigemina occurred throughout the country whereas the prevalence of B. bovis followed the distribution of its tick vector Boophilus microplus which is limited to the north-eastern part of the country. Low numbers of B. bovis serologically positive cattle were demonstrated in central and southern Province. Anaplasma spp. occurred throughout Zambia but the overall percentages of positive sera were low ranging between 14.7% and 38.6% using the CAT. Two hundred sera were retested for anaplasmosis using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sero-prevalence rates were 1.5 to 2.3-fold greater with the ELISA than with the card agglutination test.