Mehlich 3-ICP法快速测定土壤有效磷的研究

选取59个典型的土壤样品进行研究,比较了Mehlich 3-ICP法与常规方法测定土壤有效磷结果之间的差异,为其在土壤测试方面的应用提供科学依据。结果表明,Mehlich 3-ICP法测定不同类型土壤有效磷与常规方法之间的相关系数r达到0.959**~1.000**,均呈极显著相关性。对于Mehlich 3方法提取的土壤有效磷,采用ICP-AES法与钼锑抗比色法的定量结果之间r值为0.999**,达到极显著水平。ICP-AES法测定结果约是比色法的1.18倍,这可能与ICP定量的磷中不仅包括了无机磷的浓度,还包括少量的有机态磷有关。     

常规浸提剂与联合浸提剂测定我国北方石灰性土壤有效磷钾的比较

使用常规浸提剂与两种联合浸提剂Mehlich 3(M3)、ASI分别测定了中国8个地区10种土壤样品的有效磷、速效钾含量,分析比较了常规浸提剂与两种联合浸提剂测定土壤有效磷速效钾的差异性及相关性。统计分析表明,对于有效磷,M3、ASI两种联合浸提剂的浸提结果均大于常规浸提剂的浸提结果,且M3浸提剂浸提结果的变幅较常规浸提剂浸提结果相对较小,而精确度较高。相关分析表明,常规浸提结果与M3浸提结果呈极显著正相关(P0.01),相关系数为0.680。对于速效钾,M3浸提剂的浸提量较常规浸提剂相近,常规浸提量与M3浸提量呈极显著正相关(P0.01),相关系数为0.996。综合而言,M3这种联合浸提剂是测定土壤有效磷、速效钾的理想浸提方法。     

不同土壤类型Mehlich3方法与常规方法测定土壤养分相关性研究

采取Mehlich3(以下简称M3)方法和常规标准方法测定了土壤有机质、有效磷和速效钾,分析了两种测定结果的相关性,得出水稻土有效磷相关系数为0.8529,速效钾相关系数为0.8655。草甸土土壤有机质Mehlich3方法与常规方法相关系数达到为0.9659,有效钾Mehlich3方法与常规方法相关系数达到0.9606。M3方法与常规方法测定土壤养分有一定的相关性,其数值可以相互转换利用。     

ASI法测定土壤有效P、K、Zn、Cu、Mn与我国常规化学方法的相关性研究

比较了土壤养分状况系统研究法 (ASI法 )测定土壤有效P、K、Zn、Cu、Mn与我国常规化学方法的相关性 ,结果表明ASI法与我国常规化学方法呈显著相关 .盆栽试验进一步验证了ASI方法的土壤磷、钾测定值与作物反应具有良好的相关性     

Mehlich3方法与常规方法测定土壤养分相关性初步研究

采取Mehlich3(以下简称M3法)方法和常规标准方法测定了41个土壤样品的有效磷、速效钾、交换性钙、交换性镁、有效铁、有效锰、有效铜、有效锌和有效硼。通过对两种方法测定结果的分析,探讨二者的相关性。土壤有效磷M3方法与常规方法相关系数达到0.9085,为最高,有效铜M3方法与常规方法相关系数为0.1556,为最低。有效铜、有效硼测定结果的相关性很差。M3方法与常规方法测定土壤养分在有效磷、速效钾、交换性钙、交换性镁、有效铁、有效锰、有效锌上达到极显著水平,其数值可以通过回归方程相互转换利用。     

稀盐溶性磷表征石灰性土壤供磷能力的研究

稀盐 ( 0 .0 1mol/LCaCl2 )提取的磷与冬小麦相对吸磷量的线性相关系数r为 0 734 ,达 0 0 1 %显著水平 .与其他化学方法 (如Olsen、Machigin、Al-Abbas、MehlichⅢ、Mesheryakov)和电超滤法 (EUF)的相关性也达 0 1 %显著水平 .该法操作简便、快速、经济 ,还可以在同一提取液中同时测定氮、磷、钾及其它营养元素 ,是测定石灰性土壤有效磷的可靠方法     

四种测定有效磷方法在灌漠土上相关性的研究

本文通过盆栽和田间生物试验,对NH₄HCO₃-DTPA法、Mehlich Ⅲ法、Olsen法和Machigen法进行了相关性研究,结果表明,四种方法的有效磷测定值与盆栽和田间试验的参比标准项之间均呈极显著正相关,四种方法之间亦互呈极显著正相关。     

菜园土壤有效钾提取方法比较研究——以重庆地区为例

研究菜园土壤有效钾的测定方法,为蔬菜合理施用钾肥提供理论依据。以36个莴笋钾肥田间试验的产量及吸钾量为参比标准,采用7种方法 (醋酸铵法、ASI法、Mehlich3法、冷硝酸法、四苯硼钠法1、四苯硼钠法2和沸硝酸法)测定土壤有效钾含量。结果表明,土壤有效钾含量以沸硝酸法四苯硼钠法2四苯硼钠法1冷硝酸法Mehlich3法醋酸铵法ASI法。7种测定方法测得的土壤有效钾含量间呈不同程度正相关,均具有评价土壤钾素有效性的潜力。四苯硼钠法1和四苯硼钠法2测得的土壤有效钾含量与无肥区占施钾区莴笋相对产量(RY_(CK))、缺钾区占施钾区莴笋相对产量(RY_(NP))、无肥区占施钾区莴笋相对吸钾量(RUK_(CK))的相关性均达显著水平,即其测得的土壤钾素的生物有效性均较好。综合而言,在所试验土壤地区,四苯硼钠法1和四苯硼钠法2均是评价菜园土壤当季钾素有效性的较好方法,其中以四苯硼钠法1更好。     

山西石灰性土壤速效磷、钾测定方法的比较

用M ehlich3通用浸提剂法对山西石灰性土壤速效磷、钾的含量进行了测定,并与常规方法进行比较。结果表明:M ehlich3法与常规土壤速效磷、钾测定方法的测定结果呈显著正相关性。磷的替代性较差,钾的替代性较好,且两元素之间可以相互换算。     

无土栽培基质速效磷测定方法的研究

将4种土壤速效磷测定方法 [Olsen法(常规方法)、Bary1法、ASI法、Mehlich3法]用于无土栽培基质速效磷的测定,结果表明:在显著水平α=0.05,ASI法与Olsen法测定的速效磷没有显著性差异,而Bary1法和Meh-lich3法与Olsen法测定的速效磷存在极显著性差异,故ASI法可用于无土栽培基质速效磷的测定。     

无土栽培基质速效钾测定方法的比较

将4种土壤速效钾测定方法用于无土栽培基质中速效钾的测定,测定结果经统计分析表明,2 mol.L-1冷HNO3、Mehlich3和ASI 3种方法与1mol.L-1中性NH4OAc法测定的速效钾存在极显著的相关性,并且在显著水平α=0.05,ASI法与Mehlich3法的速效钾测定结果没有显著性差异。这两种方法都可以用于无土栽培基质速效钾的测定。     

Comparison of Multi-element to Single‐Element Extractants for Macro‐ and Micronutrients in Acid Soils from Spain

Abstract

Different chemical reagents are used to assess plant‐available nutrients from soils with similar properties. The use of different extractants is a serious limitation when comparing results between different soil‐testing laboratories, often leading to large differences in fertilizer recommendations for similar crops.

In this study, 80 samples from acid soils from Galicia (Spain) were used to compare several soil nutrient extractants. Traditional and tested extractants for acid soil such as Bray 2 and ammonium acetate were used to evaluate multielement extractants such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid–ammonium acetate (EDTA‐aa), ammonium bicarbonate–diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (AB‐DTPA), and Mehlich 3.

Linear regression analyses were performed to relate the amount of each nutrient obtained by traditional soil extractants to the amount obtained by multielement extractants. Strong correlation was found between extractable Bray 2 P and Mehlich 3 P (r²=0.97, slope=0.87, and intercept=?0.48). The slope of the regression line between EDTA‐aa‐extractable calcium (Ca) and that from ammonium acetate (Aa) approached 1∶1 (r²=0.86). Similar results were obtained for magnesium (Mg) (r²=0.99). Soil zinc (Zn) concentrations extracted by Mehlich 3 and EDTA‐aa were similar; slope of the regression line was 0.95 (r²=0.88). With regard to copper (Cu), Mehlich 3 extracted approximately 20% more Cu than EDTA‐aa.

The results showed that Mehlich 3 and EDTA‐aa are suitable for assessment of plant available phosphorus (P), potassium (K), Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, and iron (Fe) in acid soils.     

Evaluation of Agro Services International Soil Test Method for Phosphorus and Potassium

Soil testing is widely adopted as an essential diagnostic tool for identifying soil nutrient factors that limit sustained crop production. A systematic approach for rapid soil testing and fertilizer recommendation has been introduced and widely used in China by Agro Services International (ASI), USA. To verify the usefulness and reliability of the ASI method in soil testing and fertilizer recommendation in comparison with other commonly used traditional soil testing methods, 294 soil samples from major agricultural regions and soil types in China with a wide range of soil pH, from 5.1 to 8.9, were taken and analyzed for available phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) by the ASI multielement extraction solution and selected traditional methods, Olsen extractant for P, ammonium acetate (NH₄OAc) extractant for K, and multielement extractant Mehlich 3 for P and K. Also, 46 soils were selected from northern China regions for a greenhouse trial with sorghum seedlings to determine if the soil testing values correlate well with plant response. Results indicated that the amount of soil P extracted by the ASI method (ASI P) was correlated to both soil extractable P tested by the Olsen extractant (Olsen P) and Mehlich 3 extractant (Mehlich 3 P). The correlation coefficient of ASI P with Mehlich 3 P (R² = 0.86) was greater than that of ASI P with Olsen P (R² = 0.74) across all selected soils. A good correlation was also found between the exchangeable K from the ASI method with the traditional ammonium acetate method (R² = 0.81) and the Mehlich 3 method (R² = 0.85). The results from the greenhouse trial showed that the extractable P and exchangeable K by the ASI multielement extraction solution could be used to represent the fertility status of soil P and K for the selected soils. Regression analysis indicated that the relative dry-matter yield of the sorghum plants can be predicted with either ASI P and ASI K values with the correlation coefficients (R²) values of 0.78 and 0.72 respectively and could be a good measure for soil testing and fertilizer recommendation in the selected soils and regions in China.     

赤红壤有效磷分级指标的研究

用盆栽试验方法得到玉米幼苗干物质相对积累量与赤红壤土壤有效磷含量的关系曲线可以用一元二次响应方程来拟合,土壤Olsen P含量的响应方程为:y=-0.4831x2+13.88x+2.664,决定系数为0.9555**;土壤Mehlich 3 P含量的响应方程为:y=-0.2621x2+9.4821x+18.891,决定系数为0.9400**。赤红壤区的土壤有效磷分级指标为:Olsen P,小于4.0 mg kg-1为"极低",4.0~6.8 mg kg-1为"低",6.8~10.5 mg kg-1为"中",大于10.5 mg kg-1为"高";Mehlich 3 P,小于3.6mg kg-1为"极低",3.6~7.5 mg kg-1为"低",7.5~12.0 mg kg-1为"中",大于12.0 mg kg-1为"高"。     

不同水分状况对红壤和黄褐土速效钾含量的影响

通过120 d的实验室恒温（25±1℃）培养试验,研究了不同水分条件（含水量0、25%和40%及干湿交替）对红壤和黄褐土速效钾（K）变化的影响。结果表明,无论施钾与否,红壤恒湿处理（25%和40%）的速效K高于干燥土壤,并且随着培养时间的延长有增加的趋势;黄褐土与红壤相反,恒湿处理的速效钾低于干燥土壤。同一土壤25%和40%含水量恒湿处理的速效钾含量差异不显著,表明土粒表面水膜的厚薄不是影响土壤钾有效性的控制因素。干湿交替条件下,红壤速效钾变化不明显,黄褐土速效钾逐渐增加,干燥过程可促进黄褐土层间K+的释放。随着干湿交替次数的增加,红壤固钾能力有增加的趋势,黄褐土的固钾能力逐渐下降。     

Variation in content of available P and K (bray I) in soil samples from a cropped N,P, and K fertility experiment over 8 years

Abstract

Plots from a N, P, and K field fertility experiment were soil sampled each spring and fall from 1971 to 1979 to study the effect of cropping and different rates of added P and K on the content of available soil P and K (Bray I). Phosphorus and K fertilization was in the spring after soil sampling and before planting in 1971, 1972,and 1973 and in the fall after sampling in 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, and 1978. Over the 8‐year period, available soil P increased 1 kg/ ha for every 2.3 kg/ha of added P; while available soil K increased 1 kg/ha for every 5.7 kg/ha of added K. However, within a growing season and between growing seasons, contents of available soil P and K showed cyclic patterns, increasing and decreasing to a greater extent than the long‐term response. Changes in available P and K from spring to fall and from fall to spring are presented. Variability in the content of available soil P and K for 32 plots receiving a similar treatment of either P or K was greater for P as compared to K.