The aromatic and polyphenolic composition of Roman camomile tea

The qualitative and quantitative composition of the main aromatic and polyphenolic constituents of infusion from Chamaemelum nobile flowers was examined. The camomile tea contained a large amount of polyphenolic compounds (340 mg/l), the most important being chamaemeloside (155 mg/l). Only traces of essential oil were recovered in tea (7 mg/l).     

SPME法与SDE法测定雨花茶香气成分比较

分别采用SPME法与SDE法提取雨花茶中的香气成分,通过GC-MS定性定量分析,对两种方法所得的香气成分进行比较.结果表明,苯甲醇、苯乙醇、苯甲醛、香叶醇、芳樟醇及其氧化物、橙花醇等是构成雨花茶香气的重要物质,两种方法测出的相对含量都在2%以上.SDE法检测出的组分种类较多,相对含量较多的有32种,但高温剧烈反应使得部分原料香气物质发生变化,不能真实反应雨花茶的香气成分;SPME法检测到的挥发性物质较少,有20种,主要是低沸点的萜类、醛酮类和弱极性的烃类物质,基本能反应雨花茶的特色香味成分.     

铁观音茶梗中茶皂素含量测定

本试验以安溪铁观音茶梗为原料,利用超声波提取法,通过对溶液浓度、液料比、超声间歇周期、工作时间等因素调节对茶梗中的茶皂素得率进行比较,筛选最佳提取工艺条件。结果表明:超声功率700 W,以80%乙醇为提取溶剂,液料比4∶1,溶液pH值10.0,超声间歇周期为开1 s关3 s,工作时间20 min时,茶梗中茶皂素的得率最高为10.75%。     

无公害茶叶生产及其关键技术

无公害茶叶包合了3个层次的产品，即有机茶、绿色食品茶和低残留茶。发展无公害茶叶生产巳成为当今茶叶开发与经营的必由之路。发展无公害茶叶的基本做法包括全面规划，建立茶叶生产基地；加强科技攻关，全面提高无公害茶叶生产技术水平；执行无公害茶质量标准，提高茶叶质量等4方面内客。发展无公害茶叶的关键技术则包括优化茶园生态环境、科学施用肥料、综合防治病虫害和改善制茶环境等方面。     

藤茶的营养保健作用

通过对藤茶营养成分的分析及藤茶醇（水）溶液抗菌谱的实验研究，阐述藤茶的营养保健作用，对推动藤茶资源开发具有积极意义。     

Isolation of (+)-catechin and a new polyphenolic compound in Bengal catechu

Methanol extractives from the red heartwood of Bengal catechu (Acacia catechu) contained (+)-catechin as a major component making up 0.3% of the wood. A new polyphenolic compound with a (+)-homo-iso-catechin structure and having catechol and phloroglucinol moieties constituted 0.005% of the wood, and probably its epimeric compound in trace amounts, were also found.This report was presented at the 49th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Tokyo, April 1999 and the 44th Lignin Symposium, Gifu, October 1999     

陇南茶区生态茶园建设及无公害茶叶生产技术

在调查了解当地环境资源状况和耕作制度、主要栽培品种、茶农文化及经济状况等的基础上,按照生态茶园建设的理论并借鉴其它茶区的建园实践,提出陇南茶区生态茶园建设模式、技术及无公害茶叶生产技术。     

山东茶叶发展现状及研究进展

介绍了近年山东茶叶发展的一些基本情况,综述了近年山东茶树在防治冻害、栽培管理、茶树繁殖上的研究进展及成就,并提出了当前山东茶叶发展过程中存在的一些问题及研究前景展望。     

地表蚂蚁群落对不同类型柠檬园的物种响应及生物指示——以云南省主要柠檬产区为例

通过陷阱法调查云南省主要柠檬产区9种类型柠檬园地表蚂蚁群落。采集地表蚂蚁52种2 641头,地表蚂蚁群落结构划分为5组。不同类型柠檬园地表蚂蚁特有种不同,柠檬园BC、BB及LE无特有种,柠檬园BA有1种,其余柠檬园有2~10种。6种以上柠檬园中均出现的物种在不同类型柠檬园中的多度变化明显。对群落结构相似性贡献率≥5%的特征物种分析显示,9种类型柠檬园间地表蚂蚁特征物种明显不同;柠檬园LE、BB及RI的指示物种各有1种,分别为宽结大头蚁Pheidole noda、黑头酸臭蚁Tapinoma melanocephalum及印度大头蚁P.indica。蚂蚁的生物学特性与样地特征相关联,地表蚂蚁通过物种组成及多度变化对不同类型柠檬园做出了响应。9种类型柠檬生产方式不利于地表蚂蚁群落的保护,建议柠檬生产中减少化学农药的使用,一定程度提高植被复杂程度,降低人为干扰,增加柠檬绿色生产技术的投入。     

生态园林的特征及构建原则

生态园林是以生态学为指导、以生态效益为主导的园林体系;具有"真"、"健"、"美"的基本特征,即顺应自然、生态系统健康且有益于人体健康、景观美丽;其构建原则为以人为本、天人合一、资源节约、环境友好、因地制宜、生态优先,以生态效益为主导、遵从生态健康、生态位、生物多样性、加强生态安全等。     

永州市油茶产业发展现状与建议

从永州市油茶产业发展现状出发,对存在的问题进行了分析,提出了加快永州市油茶产业发展的建议。     

Estrogenic activity of a polyphenolic extract of the leaves of Epimedium brevicornum

The estrogenic activity of a polyphenolic extract of the leaves of Epimedium brevicornum and five fractions obtained by solid-phase extraction were investigated using estrogen-responsive bioassays, a yeast cell assay and the Ishikawa Var-I assay. The extract was found to exhibit significant estrogenic activity in both assays. Furthermore, bioassay-guided fractionation led to localisation of the estrogenicity in the relatively non-polar fractions of the polyphenolic extract.     

有机茶生产技术(3)--有机茶的加工生产

有机茶加工厂应规划到位,配套设施齐全;生产名优茶还应注意加工机械的选型与配套;加工方面除对人员有所要求外,对原料的选择如嫩度、匀度、净度等均有质量指标,加工过程亦应完善.     

油茶皂素提取纯化及定量方法研究进展

油茶皂素的提取、纯化是油茶综合开发的重要组成部分,而定量方法则是其研究的难点之一。本文对油茶皂素的提取、纯化及定量方法做了较详尽的综述,并试图对不同的方法作一比较,为油茶的综合开发利用提供参考。     

安岳优质无公害柠檬生产存在问题及解决途径

文章分析了安岳柠檬生产现状和国内外市场对柠檬质量、数量的要求，认为只有生产优质无公害柠檬，才是该县柠檬生产可持续发展的唯一途径，并提出了生产优质无公害柠檬的对策措施。     

安岳县柠檬栽培管理及病虫害防治现状调查

安岳县是我国柠檬的主产地。该县柠檬产量占全国总产量的 70 %～ 80 % ,60年代中期安岳县出口的柠檬已经成为四川省外销柑桔的主要品种之一。曾经以其柠檬酸含量高、出油率高等优良品质 ,深受国内外市场欢迎。 1 986年 ,国家计委、农业部批准安岳县为全国柠檬商品生产基地县。柠檬已成为安岳县的第一支柱产业。近年来 ,该县柠檬出现了病虫害大量滋生危害 ,个别新发生病害成灾 ,控制困难、树势严重衰弱、出口果品农残超标等问题 ,极大的影响了柠檬产量和品质 ,制约着柠檬产业的发展。为了有针对性地解决以上问题 ,我们于 2 0 0 0年在龙台镇随…     

Betula pendula leaves: polyphenolic characterization and potential innovative use in skin whitening products

The research of new tyrosinase inhibitors is currently important for the development of skin whitening agents; particularly, birch leaves extracts are included in many skin cosmetic products. In this study, the potential ability of Betula pendula leaves ethanolic extract (BE) was evaluated on mushroom tyrosinase activity. Results showed that BE was capable to inhibit dose-dependently l-DOPA oxidation catalyzed by tyrosinase. The inhibition kinetics, analyzed by Lineweaver-Burk plots, showed a noncompetitive inhibition of BE towards the enzyme, using l-DOPA as substrate. The inhibitory mechanism of BE as studied by spectrophotometric analysis, demonstrated its ability to chelate copper ion in the active site of tyrosinase. In addition, BE exhibited Fe(2+)-chelating ability (IC(50)=614.12±2.14 μg/mL), reducing power and radical-scavenging properties (IC(50)=137.22±1.98 μg/mL). These results suggest the usefulness of birch leaves extracts in cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries for their skin-whitening and antioxidant effects. Determination of the polyphenolic compounds in BE extracts was afterward achieved by means of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with photodiode array (PDA) and mass spectrometry (MS) detection. A total of 25 compounds were positively identified, through the complementary analytical information, and are reported in such a matrix for the first time. Knowledge on the qualitative composition and contents of these natural sources in fact represents mandatory information, for rational consumption and correlation of the beneficial effects to the specific amounts.