水产绿色饲料添加剂使用研究

近年来我国水产养殖业的病害频发，养殖环境的日趋恶化，以及抗生素的滥用与诸多负面影响，严重困扰了我国水产养殖业的长足发展。而且人们对于安全水产品的呼声，也促进了许多安全高效添加剂的研制和应用。水产绿色饲料添加剂，能够促进水产动物生长，提高饵料利用率，增强免疫机能，降低死亡率等。因此，这些绿色饲料添加剂将越来越受行业的重视...     

中草药饲料添加剂在水产养殖中的应用

<正>随着经济的发展和消费者对水产品需求量的提高,推动了水产养殖业的快速发展,进而带动了饲料工业的发展。中草药饲料添加剂因为具有无抗药性、无要害残留等特点而被广泛应用于水产养殖中。1中草药饲料添加剂的种类和特性中草药饲料添加剂又称绿色饲料添加剂,在我国水产养殖业中常用的中草药饲料添加剂按配方组成来分,有单味饲料添加剂、中西结合饲料添加剂和复方饲料添加剂之分。按作用来分,有营养性和非营养性之分;按来源来看,中草药饲料添加剂的种     

水产动物非营养性饲料添加剂的研究进展

随着水产养殖业的迅速崛起，水产动物非营养性添加剂的研究日益受到科研工作的重视和关注。本对水产动物非营养性添加剂在种类上进行了简单概述，以期从一个侧面反应在该领域的研究进展。     

非营养性添加剂在水产养殖中的应用

现代水产养殖业正向高密度集约化趋势发展。为了降低饲料成本,提高经济效益和生态效益,生产高品位、低消耗的水产动物,饲料添加剂尤其是非营养性添加剂的作用愈来愈受到重视。本文就某些主要非营养性饲料添加剂在国内外水     

几种鱼饲料添加剂在水产养殖中的应用

随着水产养殖业的迅速发展，一批具有较好效益的鱼类饲料添加剂相继被研制和应用并取得了很好的经济效益，本文介绍了磷脂，VC，叶酸在水产养殖中的应用。希望能对水产养殖户在认识和应用此类添加剂方面有所帮助。     

中草药饲料添加剂在水产养殖中的应用

中草药添加剂具有高效、低毒、促生长等优点,不仅可以提高水产动物生产性能,还能保证水产品卫生安全。本文针对中草药饲料添加剂的作用机理及其在水产养殖中的应用作一介绍。     

增色饲料添加剂

增色饲料添加剂■杨明爽（浙江省泰顺县畜牧兽医站３２５５００）增色添加剂是增加畜禽和水产养殖动物产品色泽的添加剂，使禽蛋卵黄、肉鸡外皮、牛奶中黄油以及水产养殖动物诸如鱼类和对虾等产品肉质具有比天然产品更鲜艳、美观的色泽和更优良的品质。应用增色添加剂需考...     

增色饲料添加剂

增色添加剂是增加畜禽和水产养殖动物产品色泽的添加剂,使禽蛋卵黄,肉鸡外皮色泽,牛奶中黄油以及水产养殖动物诸如鱼类和对虾等产品肉质具有比天然产品更鲜艳美观的色泽和更优良的品质。从营养学观点看,畜禽及水产养殖动物经饲喂增色剂后,虽然其产品色泽较未饲喂增色添加剂的天然产品新鲜     

大豆磷脂的加工工艺及其在水产饲料中的应用进展

大豆磷脂作为鱼类等水产动物饲料添加剂代替部分脂肪,已初步应用于饲料工业中,并取得较好的经济效益和社会效益,既为油厂解决副产品综合利用问题,又为鱼类等水产动物饲料提供优质的添加剂。研究介绍大豆磷脂的来源、加工工艺、作用用途及在水产养殖和饲料加工中的作用,并展望大豆磷脂在水产养殖中的应用前景。     

大蒜素——水产养殖的绿色添加剂

文章介绍了大蒜素在水产养殖中的研究应用情况,将大蒜素作为饲料添加剂,对水产动物具有诱食增食、防治疾病、增强免疫力等功效,且价格低廉、安全性高,可作为防治水产动物疾病、促进生长、增强免疫力、控制药物残留、降低生产成本的绿色饲料添加剂,应用前景广阔。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.