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动物病理学是基础兽医学和临床兽医学的桥梁。免疫学和分子生物学等学科的快速发展为动物病理学的发展提供了良好的契机。根据目前动物病理学的现状 ,提出了学科的细化和综合的观点 ,并对该学科的可持续性发展进行了展望  相似文献   

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转基因动物体系与兽医病理学的发展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
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以小鼠为试验动物,采用腹腔注射染毒法研究二噁英类环境激素多氯联苯(Aroclor 1254)对小鼠的生殖毒性,并用组织病理学方法研究毒性机理.组织病理学变化的程度及表现的种类存在剂量-效应变化规律,并存在个体发育时期与效应的变化规律,较高剂量时变化比较明显.  相似文献   

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动物病理学的过去、现在和未来   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3  
本文在分析动物病理学的发展史及现状的基础上,提出了可将现代动物病理学概括为横向联系,未来动物病理学则为纵向深入的新观点。这一观点将有利于推动动物病理学向更深层发展,现代动物病理学的横向联系,建立了许多病理学、遗传病理学、分子病理学、实验病理学、比较病理学和临床病理学等。未来动物病理学的纵向深入,将使人们把原位PCR技术,流式细胞术、激发荧光细胞分类技术、显微分光光度计和生物图像技术等高新技术充分运用于病理学的研究,使形态结构的病理损伤与分子和基因的变化紧紧联系起来,进一步提高动物病理学的诊断水平。  相似文献   

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多氯联苯(Aroclor 1254)对小鼠生殖毒理的组织病理学研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以小鼠为实验动物模型,采用腹腔注射染毒法研究二嗯英类环境激素多氯联苯(Aroelor 1254)对小鼠的生殖毒性,并用组织病理学方法研究毒性机理.内脏的组织病理学现察结果表明,不同发育阶段接触多氯联苯的小鼠,在心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏和肾脏均出现有组织病理学变化.心脏主要表现心肌纤维颗粒变性,间质毛细血管扩张、充血.肝脏主要表现肝细胞胞浆及胞核的病理变化,中央静脉、小叶间静脉扩张、充血.脾脏主要表现红髓轻度充血,轻度含铁血黄素沉着,巨核细胞及淋巴细胞增多,出现炎性细胞;脾小体数量增加,脾小体周围淋巴细胞增生、部分细胞核染色质减少,甚至成空泡状.肺脏主要表现胞壁毛细血管扩张,局部充血、出血;动脉扩张充血;肺泡隔增厚.肾小管尤其是近曲小管上皮细胞肿胀,上皮细胞颗粒变性,有的胞浆崩解使管腔狭窄,甚至堵塞:部分肾小球肿胀、充血,胞核染色质淡染,有的成空泡样:肾小囊狭窄;间质毛细血管扩张、充血、甚至出血:远曲小管胞浆溶解,残存一些散在的细胞核,个别细胞核染色质减少,甚至成为空泡状.组织病理学变化的程度及表现的种类存在剂量.效应变化规律;并存在个体发育时期与效应的变化规律.  相似文献   

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《动物病理学》是高等职业院校动物医学专业的1门专业基础课程和必修课,学习内容较为抽象难懂。笔者借教学诊改工作推进之机,形成以传统教学为主,合理使用信息化教学手段相结合的6段式教学方法,取得较好的教学效果。  相似文献   

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在高职院校教学中,动物病理学作为兽医专业的主干课程,其重要性不言而喻.结合多年的实际教学经验,从加强与临床实践的联系、建立实践教学新模式、创新多元化教学方法和手段等方面,就高职兽医专业动物病理学课程教学改革进行了深入的探讨,具有一定的参考价值.  相似文献   

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With the aim of sharing information about the technical aspects of immunohistochemistry (IHC) and facilitating the selection of suitable antibodies for histopathological examination, this technical report describes the results of a questionnaire distributed during the period of 2018 to 2019 among members of the Conference on Experimental Animal Histopathology. Additionally, it describes the immunological properties and supplier details (clone, supplier, catalog number, species reactivity, etc.) as well as the IHC staining conditions (fixing solution, fixing time, embedding, antigen retrieval method, antibody dilution, incubation time, incubation temperature, positive control tissue, blocking condition, secondary antibody information, etc.) for a total of 509 primary antibodies (comprising 220 different types). These survey results were an update on the contents reported by CEAH in 2017.  相似文献   

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A muskox neonate (Ovibos moschatus) that died of starvation was diagnosed with congenital lenticular anomalies that included spherophakia and hypermature cataract associated with probable lens-induced lymphocytic uveitis and neutrophilic keratitis. Impaired sight as a result of cataract and associated inflammation likely contributed to abandonment and starvation, although maternal death cannot be excluded definitively. Ocular lesions, such as congenital cataracts and spherophakia in neonates, may be important factors affecting survival in free-ranging animals.  相似文献   

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This survey describes the frequency of Salmonella in animals and feedstuffs isolated in Sweden 1983-1987. Since 1949 National Veterinary Institute (NVI) has published such reports every fifth year. During the period of this report 760 outbreaks of Salmonella were reported in animals. This includes both domestic and wild animals. The corresponding figure for the previous period was 1266 outbreaks. 56 different serovariants were reported, 17 of these were new to Sweden. In cattle and swine there were a decrease of outbreaks. In poultry 86 outbreaks were reported, compared with 220 outbreaks during the previous five-year period. Swedish feed producing plants are checked both voluntary and compulsory, for the presence of Salmonella in raw materials, scrape and dust samples and compound feed. During 1983-1987 a total of 236 strains at Salmonella were isolated. This is the lowest incidence found during the last 15 years. All consignments of feedstuffs of animal origin intended for import to Sweden has to be examined for the presence of Salmonella. During 1983-1987 8.6% of the consignments were positive for Salmonella and were thus not allowed to be used in Sweden.  相似文献   

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三聚氰胺的毒理学研究进展   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
三聚氰胺(MA)化学性质稳定,在体内代谢不活泼,能以原体或同系物形式从尿液排出体外,在F344大鼠血浆中的半衰期为2.7h,在肾脏的清除率为2.5mL/min;MA对小鼠的半数致死量(LD50)为4550mg/(kg.bw),在国际化学物质急性毒性分级中属低毒性物质,接近微毒;MA对家兔、豚鼠和人眼无刺激作用;与三聚氰酸同时存在时毒性增加,毒性作用的靶器官为膀胱和肾脏;MA致癌性研究文献较少,结果也不一致,国际癌症研究中心认为MA对动物有致癌的可能性,但没有证据表明对人类有致癌作用。目前的研究认为,MA对环境和人的潜在危险性较小。对国内外关于三聚氰胺毒性的研究概况进行了总结,并综述了MA的污染及代谢、毒性和检测方法。  相似文献   

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由于谷物中含有真菌的有毒次生代谢物霉菌毒素,其对动物的健康、生产性能及动物源性食品的质量可能有负面影响,这对动物营养是一个永久性的挑战。因此,本文综述了霉菌毒素在动物营养中存在的问题、对易感动物的影响以及应对谷物感染毒素污染的管理策略。  相似文献   

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血根碱药理及毒理作用的研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
血根碱(sanguinarine)作为一种苯菲啶异喹啉类生物碱,具有抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、改善肝功能及诱导细胞凋亡等作用,同时对肝脏、心脏等具有一定的毒性。作者就血根碱对细菌、真菌和癌细胞的药理作用及毒性作一综述,为该药在临床中的有效合理应用奠定基础。  相似文献   

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