共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
2.
马铃薯渣的综合利用与研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
马铃薯渣是马铃薯淀粉生产过程中产生的一种副产物,由于其难以利用,多以废物直接排放,不仅是生物资源的浪费,同时造成了严重的环境污染。马铃薯渣含水量高、含有大量的纤维素、果胶和淀粉等可利用成分,具有很高的开发利用价值。本文综述了马铃薯渣目前综合利用的主要途径和相关技术,分析了目前存在的问题及发展趋势。 相似文献
3.
4.
试验旨在研究不同比例的玉米秸秆与马铃薯淀粉渣混合青贮的营养成分及发酵品质.试验以玉米秸秆和马铃薯淀粉渣为原料,采用双因素试验设计,以原料不同混合比例(CKB1、CKB2、CKB3)及添加菌剂后的不同混合比例(AB1、AB2、AB3)为处理,青贮30 d后对混合青贮的常规营养及发酵品质进行分析.结果表明,不同原料配比和菌剂的交互作用对青贮pH值、乳酸、乙酸、酸性洗涤纤维含量和氨态氮/总氮数值具有显著影响(P<0.05);在相同的原料混合比例条件下,添加菌剂均能够提高青贮的乳酸含量(P<0.05),降低pH值、乙酸含量及氨态氮/总氮数值(P<0.05);在相同处理下,随着玉米秸秆添加比例的上升,青贮饲料的粗蛋白、可溶性碳水化合物含量和相对饲用价值呈下降趋势,中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维及粗灰分含量呈上升趋势.不同原料配比对青贮干物质、粗灰分、可溶性碳水化合物及pH值、粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量及相对饲用价值具有显著影响(P<0.05).研究表明,马铃薯淀粉渣和玉米秸秆比例为7∶3,添加菌剂后,青贮效果较好. 相似文献
5.
试验以马铃薯干渣为发酵基料,配合适当的辅料,研究接种微生物和加入无机氮素进行厌氧发酵对马铃薯干渣饲料粗蛋白含量的影响。实验结果表明:1、所用三个发酵菌剂进行发酵均能提高马铃薯淀粉渣中粗蛋白的含量,其中活力99发酵菌剂的发酵产物粗蛋白含量最高较对照增长了29.67%;2、非蛋白氮的添加,对发酵产物的粗蛋白含量有显著影响,以5%的尿素为氮源添加剂的活力99菌剂发酵产物粗蛋白含量高达13.5%,同发酵原料相比,粗蛋白含量提高66.87%,发酵产物粗蛋白含量达到一般饲料原料水平,可作为动物特别是反刍动物饲料原料进行利用。 相似文献
6.
本研究旨在探究马铃薯淀粉渣对奶牛生产性能、血液生化指标和经济效益的影响。试验将60头健康状况良好、产奶量(45.72±1.27)kg、泌乳天数(79.64±2.95)d、泌乳胎次(2.63±0.23)相近的60头荷斯坦奶牛随机分为4组,每组15头。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别使用2%、4%和8%的马铃薯淀粉渣替代基础日粮中的玉米粉。试验为期72d(其中预饲期14d,正试期58d)。试验结果表明,马铃薯淀粉渣对奶牛产奶量有显著影响,产奶量随马铃薯淀粉添加量增加而升高(P <0.05);马铃薯淀粉渣对奶牛饲料转化率有显著影响,饲料转化率随马铃薯淀粉添加量增加而降低(P <0.05);马铃薯淀粉渣对奶牛干物质采食量(DMI)、乳脂率、乳蛋白率、乳糖率和乳干物质含量均无显著影响(P> 0.05)。马铃薯淀粉渣对奶牛血清总蛋白含量有显著影响,随马铃薯淀粉渣添加量提高,奶牛血清总蛋白含量先升高后降低(P <0.05);马铃薯淀粉渣对奶牛血清尿素氮含量有显著影响,随马铃薯淀粉渣添加量升高,奶牛血清尿素氮含量不断升高(P <0.05);马铃薯淀粉渣对奶牛血清白蛋白、总胆... 相似文献
7.
豆付渣、淀粉渣、啤酒渣(以下简称“三渣”)的开发、利用,对开辟部分蛋白质和糠麸饲料的来源,改变传统的利用方式,减少城镇污染提高企业经济效益及社会效益,促进畜 相似文献
10.
11.
论述了中草药提取残渣的循环再利用的应用领域,并介绍了在各个领域中中草药提取残渣的应用情况与研究现状,综合分析了中草药提取残渣再利用为实现中药材资源的循环再利用,减少环境污染的可持续性,从而为更加深入地研究中草药提取残渣用途,提高其利用价值,使中药行业走向绿色可持续发展道路提供更准确的研究思路。 相似文献
12.
枇杷是原产于中国的亚热带果树,是一种药食同源的保健水果,其栽培历史悠久。我国幅员辽阔,生态环境多样,孕育了世界上最多的枇杷种质资源。本文综述了我国枇杷属植物种质资源的收集与保存、种质交流、种质创新与利用的研究现状、问题分析;对未来发展提出意见,要努力创制“种源惟一,节肥、节水,省工、省力、省药”的“一源两节三省”品种与配套栽培技术,精准保护知识产权。对种源的知识产权保护要织密物防、技防的网络,诉案须有保护对象唯一的技术身份数据佐证,独具排他性。综述,本研究为枇杷种质资源的发展创制和产业发展提供决策参考。 相似文献
13.
试验采用常规营养成分分析、碳水化合物组分和蛋白质组分分析、能量价值预测和体外人工瘤胃法对马铃薯渣和红薯渣的营养价值进行评定。试验所用的5种马铃薯渣采自承德、张家口、吉林、乌兰察布、西安的淀粉加工厂,7种红薯渣采自石家庄、保定、唐山、济南、秦皇岛的淀粉加工厂。结果显示:红薯渣中的粗脂肪(EE)含量(0.80%)显著高于马铃薯渣(0.58%)(P<0.05);马铃薯渣的粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和木质素(ADL)含量(6.53%、26.03%、20.77%和4.38%)极显著高于红薯渣(4.57%、16.46%、12.66%和1.51%)(P<0.01);马铃薯渣和红薯渣的淀粉含量均较高,分别达41.05%、41.71%(P>0.05);马铃薯渣的不可利用中性洗涤纤维(CC)含量(9.76%)极显著高于红薯渣(3.67%)(P<0.01);马铃薯渣和红薯渣的蛋白质组分中非蛋白氮(PA)含量最高,分别达到2.77%和2.41%(P>0.05);马铃薯渣的中速降解真蛋白质(PB2)含量(1.39%)显著高于红薯渣(0.74%)(P<0.05);马铃薯渣的慢速降解真蛋白质(PB3)和不可利用氮(PC)含量(0.56%和1.01%)极显著高于红薯渣(0.28%和0.47%)(P<0.01);红薯渣总可消化养分(TDN)、消化能(DE)、代谢能(ME)、维持净能(NEm)、泌乳净能(NEL)和增重净能(NEg)(81.58%、15.03、13.31、9.09、8.50和6.24 MJ/kg)极显著高于马铃薯渣(75.11%、13.82、12.10、8.08、7.66和5.40 MJ/kg)(P<0.01);红薯渣24 h干物质消化率(DMD24 h)和48 h干物质消化率(DMD48 h)(53.78%和62.48%)极显著高于马铃薯渣(49.34%和58.66%)(P<0.01)。综上所述,马铃薯渣和红薯渣的营养价值均较高,具有成为肉牛饲料原料的潜力,且红薯渣优于马铃薯渣。 相似文献
14.
15.
Masahito SUGIMOTO Waka SAITO Motoki OOI Yukinobu SATO Toshiro SAITO Kiyokazu MORI 《Animal Science Journal》2006,77(6):587-594
Six ruminally cannulated Wagyu (Japanese Black) steers (average initial bodyweight (BW) 387 ± 29 kg) were used in a split‐plot design experiment, comprising a 3 × 3 Latin square design (whole plot) and a randomized block design (subplot). The whole plot treatments were three different feeding levels of supplemental diet, fed at 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6% of BW, on a dry matter (DM) basis. Subplot treatments were two different supplemental diets: a potato pulp silage‐based diet (PPS) and a grain‐based diet (GRAIN). Chopped, medium‐quality cool‐season grass hay (predominately Timothy, Phleum pratense L) was fed daily at 0.7% BW (on a DM basis) as the basal diet. Each period consisted of 21 d, which included 11 d of adaptation to the diets and 10 d of the collection period. Chromium oxide was used as an indigestible marker. In situ forage degradation was measured using the nylon bag technique. The dry matter intake increased (linear; P < 0.01) as the feeding level increased and was not affected by the diet. Digestibility was not affected by any treatments. The GRAIN diet tended to decrease the rate of in situ forage degradation as the feeding level increased, but this trend was not found in the steers fed the PPS diet. Steers fed the GRAIN diet had a lower (P < 0.1) ruminal pH compared with steers fed the PPS diet. Ruminal pH was not significantly affected by feeding level; however, it was numerically higher for steers supplemented at 0.2% per BW than that for the steers supplemented above 0.4% per BW due probably to the higher starch intake. The total volatile fatty acids concentration numerically increased as the feeding level increased and was not affected by the diet. Increasing the feeding level decreased (linear, P < 0.01) the proportion of acetate. Neither diet nor the feeding level had any effects on the proportion of ruminal propionate. The results suggested that, for steers fed the PPS diet, there are not adverse effects on forage digestion in the rumen that occur as the feeding level is increased. 相似文献
16.
Masahito SUGIMOTO Takuya CHIBA Masayo KANAMOTO Hisashi HIDARI Katsuya KIDA Waka SAITO Motoki OOI Yukinobu SATO Toshiro SAITO 《Animal Science Journal》2007,78(6):587-595
Six Wagyu (Japanese Black) steers fitted with a ruminal cannula were used in a split‐plot design experiment comprising a 3 × 3 Latin square design (whole plot) and a randomized blocks design (subplot) to determine the effect of the treatment of potato pulp (PP) with urea and the effect of inclusion levels of PP silage in feed supplement on digestibility, ruminal in situ degradation and ruminal fermentation. The whole plot consisted of 20%, 50% and 80% PP silage (dry matter (DM) basis), with PP silage replacing formula feed. The subplot included untreated or 0.5% (on an as‐fed basis) urea‐treated PP. The treatment of PP with urea showed no effect on DM intake and digestibility. The percentage of the rapidly degradable DM fraction of the urea‐treated PP silage was higher (P < 0.01) and the percentage of its slowly degradable DM fraction was lower (P < 0.01) than for the untreated PP silage. Ruminal ammonia concentration was greater (P < 0.01) for steers fed urea‐treated PP silage than that for steers fed the untreated PP silage. The treatment of PP with urea caused a decrease in the molar proportion of acetate and an increase in the proportion of propionate in ruminal fluid after feeding. The rate of DM degradations in hay (linear, P < 0.01) and in PP silage decreased (linear, P < 0.01) as the inclusion level of PP silage increased. Increasing the inclusion level of PP silage in supplement decreased the effective degradability of DM in hay (linear, P < 0.05) and in PP silage (linear, P < 0.05). An increase in the amount of PP silage increased the molar proportion of acetate (linear, P < 0.01) and decreased the butyrate proportion (linear, P < 0.05) in ruminal fluid. The results suggest that urea treatment of PP facilitates microbial access to starch of PP silage in the rumen and that surplus level of PP silage in supplement have adverse effect on ruminal digestion. 相似文献
17.
酵母菌固态发酵马铃薯渣的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
试验以马铃薯渣为底物,选用玉米面和麦麸为辅料,以无机氮源为添加剂,采用单一菌种酵母菌对添加不同辅料的马铃薯渣混合料进行固体发酵。结果表明,随发酵时间的延长以玉米面和麦麸为辅料进行发酵水分含量均显著降低(0.05);麦麸组蛋白质含量显著提高,72 h内与时间有着极显著相关性(0.05);酵母菌发酵对混合料纤维素含量没有显著影响(0.05);糖含量均呈先升后降趋势。综合试验结果表明,马铃薯渣添加辅料后降低含水量、利于运输,方便应用;综合营养指标看以麦麸为辅料发酵效果优于玉米面组,操作方法简单,适于大规模推广应用,为开发利用新资源提供新的途径。 相似文献
18.
19.
马铃薯淀粉渣富含养分、成本低、产量高,是良好的饲料来源.文章分析马铃薯的饲用价值,从青贮和发酵两方面综述马铃薯渣的饲用化研究现状,并提出马铃薯渣饲用潜力开发的主要制约因素,展望其饲用化的应用前景,为马铃薯渣的饲用化研究提供参考. 相似文献
20.
H. M. Abdel‐Hafeez E. S. E. Saleh S. S. Tawfeek I. M. I. Youssef A. S. A. Abdel‐Daim 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(1):56-66
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of including potato peels (PP) and sugar beet pulp (SBP), as unconventional feeds, with and without enzyme in broiler diets from 1 to 42 days of age by observing the growth performance, blood parameters and carcass characteristics. A total of 150, 1‐day old, chicks were randomly assigned into five groups, each with 30 chicks. Birds in group 1 were fed on the control diet. Chicks in groups 2 and 3 were offered diets containing PP and SBP at the rate of 15% and 7.5%, respectively, while those in groups 4 and 5 were fed the same diets but with adding an enzyme mixture. Using the unconventional feeds in the diets was found to decrease the body weight (BW). However, the feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion did not differ from the control in PP at the grower period, but decreased in SBP throughout the experiment. Addition of enzyme greatly improved the BW in PP and SBP to a degree that it surpasses the control and also increased the feed intake and conversion. The total cholesterol and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol serum levels were decreased in all tested groups. Carcass yield was not affected by treatments, but the carcass fat content was reduced using the unconventional feeds with or without enzyme. In conclusion, PP can be used at a rate of 15% in the grower diets of broilers. Furthermore, 15% PP or 7.5% SBP can be included in starter and grower diets, but with the addition of enzymes. This can help in solving the problem of current shortage and rising costs of conventional feeds. 相似文献