抗氯霉素单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

本文用人工合成的氯霉素 -牛血清白蛋白 (CAP- BSA)免疫 BAL B/ C小鼠 ,通过杂交瘤技术建立了 2株分泌抗氯霉素的单克隆抗体 (Mc Ab)的杂交瘤细胞 1D1 0 和 5 E6 。经间接酶联免疫吸附试验 (ci EL ISA)检测细胞培养上清效价为 1∶ 5 12 ,诱生腹水的效价可达 1× 10 8。两株单克隆抗体的亚型为 Ig G1 ,杂交瘤染色体数目为 84～ 96条。该细胞株体外传代和冻存复苏后抗体分泌稳定。ci EL ISA检测显示其与常见抗生素及结构类似物的交叉反应小 ,其灵敏度为 0 .1ng/ ml,IC50 为 2 .38ng/ m l,这表明该单抗具有较大的应用价值     

己烯雌酚单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

用人工合成的己烯雌酚-牛血清白蛋白(DES-BSA)作为抗原免疫Balb/c小鼠,利用杂交瘤技术建立了1株稳定分泌己烯雌酚单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞1F5,经鉴定:杂交瘤细胞染色体数为99.24±2.5,其分泌的抗体亚型为IgG2α。该细胞株体外传代和冻存复苏后抗体分泌稳定。间接ELISA测定培养上清效价为1∶640,诱生腹水效价3.2×106。ciELISA检测显示其DES 50%抑制质量浓度(IC50)为24μg/L,与水产养殖中常见禁用激素和抗菌药物的交叉反应小,表明该单抗具有较好的敏感性和特异性。     

甲砜霉素及氟苯尼考胺单克隆抗体的制备及特性鉴定

将氟苯尼考胺与HSA载体蛋白相连作为抗原免疫Balb/c小鼠,经杂交瘤技术获得了两株能稳定分泌抗甲砜霉素单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株1E及5C。用间接竞争ELISA方法测定,其细胞株1E单克隆抗体的细胞上清液效价为1∶5×103,腹水效价为1∶1×106,抗体亚类为IgG2b,50%抑制浓度(IC50)为15μg/L。其分泌的单克隆抗体与其结构类似物氟苯尼考及氟苯尼考胺的交叉反应率为10.4%和10.8%,和其他化合物基本无交叉反应。体外传代培养和冻存复苏后抗体分泌稳定,可为检测试剂盒提供长期稳定的抗体。     

诺氟沙星单克隆抗体的制备及其特性鉴定

为制备诺氟沙星单克隆抗体(MAb),用碳二亚胺法将诺氟沙星(Norfloxacin,NFLX)分别偶联于载体蛋白牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和卵清蛋白(OVA),合成免疫原BSA-NFLX和包被原OVA-NFLX,并用紫外(UV)扫描、SDS-PAGE电泳和免疫小鼠进行鉴定;用BSA-NFLX免疫BALB/C小鼠,间接ELISA和阻断ELISA选择细胞融合备用鼠;应用杂交瘤技术建立分泌NFLX MAb的细胞株,用体内诱生腹水法制备NFLX MAb;对NFLX MAb的效价、敏感性和特异性等特性进行测定。结果表明:NFLX人工抗原制备成功,融合筛选后获得3C6、3G11两株特异敏感的杂交瘤细胞,两株细胞培养上清液效价为1∶512,腹水效价为1∶6.4×105,3C6株对NFLX的IC50为2.52μg/L,与二氟沙星、沙拉沙星有小于0.03%的交叉反应性,与其他抑制物无交叉反应性。本实验获得了高效价、敏感、特异的抗NFLXMAb,为NFLX残留快速检测方法的建立奠定了基础。     

氨苄青霉素人工抗原的合成及单克隆抗体的制备

用酸酐法将氨苄青霉素(Ampicillin,AMP)偶联于载体蛋白牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和匙孔血蓝蛋白(Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin,KLH),合成了免疫抗原AMP-KLH和检测抗原AMP-BSA,并进行了鉴定;用免疫抗原AMP-KLH免疫BALB/c小鼠,应用杂交瘤技术筛选出了3株分泌抗AMP单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株。特性分析显示,单克隆抗体2C3、4E5和4C7的腹水效价分别为1∶1.02×106、1∶5.12×105和1∶5.12×105,其中2C3的AMP半数抑制浓度(IC50)为9.3 ng/m L,与青霉素类抗生素有明显交叉反应,其他类别抗生素的交叉反应率均小于0.01%。     

抗氯霉素单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

用人工合成的氯霉素-人血清白蛋白(CAP-HSA)作抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠,通过杂交瘤技术建立了1株分泌抗CAP单克隆抗体(McAb)的杂交瘤细胞1F9.经检测,其分泌的抗体亚类为IgG1,杂交瘤染色体数目84～96条,间接ELISA检测细胞培养上清效价为1256,诱生小鼠腹水的抗体效价可达16×105.该细胞连续培养生物学性状稳定,竞争间接酶联免疫吸附试验(ciELISA)显示,其与供试抗生素交叉反应小,表明该单抗具有较大的应用价值.     

洛克沙胂完全抗原的制备及其单克隆抗体的研制

本研究以洛克沙胂(ROX)的结构类似物3-氨基-4-羟基苯胂酸(HAPA)为小分子半抗原,采用碳二亚胺法,分别将其与载体蛋白——牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和鸡卵清白蛋白(OVA)偶联,制备免疫抗原HAPA-BSA和检测抗原HAPA-OVA。经紫外光谱扫描及聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)鉴定后,以20μg/只剂量的HAPA-BSA免疫BALB/c小鼠;选择血清效价高、敏感性强的小鼠,取脾脏进行细胞融合,制备杂交瘤细胞株。利用间接ELISA法筛选得到1株可以稳定分泌抗ROX单克隆抗体的细胞株,命名为G12;间接ELISA法测定其细胞上清效价为1:512,间接竞争ELISA测定其半数抑制浓度IC_(50)为3.147 ng/μL。经小鼠体内诱生腹水,辛酸-硫酸铵法纯化获得纯度较高的单克隆抗体,间接ELISA测定其效价为1:102 400,IC_(50)为1.433 ng/μL,且具有良好的特异性。本试验成功合成了ROX人工抗原,并制备了可以分泌高敏感性单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,为ROX免疫学快速检测方法的建立奠定了基础。     

苯乙醇胺A人工抗原的合成及鉴定

采用重氮化法将苯乙醇胺A分别与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和卵清白蛋白(OVA)偶联,制备免疫抗原苯乙醇胺A(PEAA)-BSA和检测抗原PEAA-OVA。经紫外扫描法和SDS-PAGE鉴定表明偶联成功,偶联比分别为15∶1、17.4∶1。用PEAA-BSA免疫BALB/c小鼠,采用间接ELISA法检测抗体效价,采用竞争ELISA法检测IC50值,获得了效价4.1×105以上、IC50值为0.2μg/L的多抗血清,证明合成了具有免疫原性的人工免疫原。     

无色孔雀石绿单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

用人工合成的无色孔雀石绿-牛血清白蛋白(LMG-BSA)作为抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠,并利用杂交瘤技术建立了1株稳定分泌无色孔雀石绿(LMG)单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞2E6.经鉴定表明,杂交瘤细胞染色体数为(99.12±3.60),间接竞争ELISA(ciELISA)显示LMG 50%抑制质量浓度为20.39μg/L,诱生小鼠腹水的抗体效价达2.3×105.与水产养殖中常见的禁用激素和抗菌药物的交叉反应小,表明该单抗具有较好的敏感性和特异性.     

醋酸甲孕酮单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

用人工合成的醋酸甲孕酮-牛血清白蛋白(MPA-BSA)作为抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠,利用杂交瘤技术筛选得到1株稳定分泌醋酸甲孕酮单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株4C11A3B6,该细胞株经体外传代和冻存复苏后抗体分泌稳定。间接ELISA测定培养上清效价为1∶640,诱生腹水效价为1∶2.56×106。经鉴定:杂交瘤细胞分泌的抗体亚型为IgG2а。竞争抑制ELISA(ciELISA)检测显示其IC50为22 ng/mL,与常见抗生素及结构类似物的交叉反应小,表明该单抗具有较好的敏感性和特异性。     

Chloramphenicol toxicosis in cats

Six cats were given chloramphenicol orally at the dose level of 120/mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses for 14 days and were then observed for another 3 weeks after treatment. Five other cats were used as untreated controls for the first 14 days and subsequently were given 60 mg of chloramphenicol/kg/day for 21 days. Clinical signs of toxicosis, which were more severe in cats given the higher dose level, included central nervous system depression, dehydration, reduced food intake, body weight loss, sporadic diarrhea, and vomiting. In cats given the higher dose level, chloramphenicol caused reversible marrow suppression, with marrow hypoplasia, maturation arrest of erythroid cells, and inhibition of mitotic activity, and caused vacuolation of lymphocytes and of early myeloid and erythroid cells. Significant changes were evident in bone marrow after treatment for 1 week and in peripheral blood at the end of the 2nd week. Hematologic changes included decreased numbers of neutrophils, lymphocytes, reticulocytes, and platelets. In cats given the lower dose level, changes in blood and bone marrow were similar but less severe.     

氯霉素免疫原的合成与鉴定

分别采用混合酸酐法和重氮化法合成氯霉素（ＣＡＰ）免疫原。混合酸酐法：将ＣＡＰ与琥珀酸酐反应生成氯霉素琥珀酸酯（ＣＡＰ－ＨＳ）,接着进行混合酸酐反应,将ＣＡＰ－ＨＳ与牛血清白蛋白（ＢＳＡ）相连,得ＣＡＰ－ＨＳ－ＢＳＡ复合物。重氮化法：将ＣＡＰ分子中的芳香硝基还原为芳香氨基,重氮化处理后,与ＢＳＡ连接。通过红外光谱和动物免疫试验鉴定合成的免疫原,结果表明ＣＡＰ－ＨＳ－ＢＳＡ合成成功。     

Chloramphenicol treatment for rabbit syphilis

Penicillin, the recommended treatment for rabbit syphilis, sometimes induces adverse effects. The efficacy of oral chloramphenicol was evaluated in 39 cases of rabbit syphilis to establish a safe and efficient treatment for this disease in companion rabbits. All cases clinically improved and recovered promptly. Fourteen of 39 cases (35.9%) relapsed, but most remained chloramphenicol sensitive. Since safety take priority over efficacy in treating syphilis in companion rabbits, chloramphenicol should be chosen as a first-line agent, as a general rule. Three-week administration of chloramphenicol may be adequate at the initial onset of disease. When relapse occurs repeatedly or the rabbit owner cannot administer the medicine adequately, treatment with penicillin should be considered.     

Chloramphenicol and the neonatal calf

Pharmacokinetic values and possible toxic effects of chloramphenicol on bone marrow and hematologic and serum chemical values were determined in newborn calves given the drug (IV) once a week or in repeated doses, 12 hours between doses. The rates of elimination for chloramphenicol and antipyrine also were compared. Chloramphenicol also was administered to older calves by IM and subcutaneous routes, with an apparent bioavailability of 50% to 60%. The elimination half-lives for both chloramphenicol and antipyrine were markedly increased in the newborn calf for at least the first 3 to 4 weeks of life. Despite the high and prolonged serum chloramphenicol concentrations in these calves, there was little or no indication of toxic effects. Bone marrow aspirates did not reveal any signs of intoxication such as cytoplasmic or nuclear vacuolation. Marrow cellularity was not recognizably different from the control group.     

氯霉素化学发光酶联免疫检测方法的建立

在常规酶联免疫法(ELISA)的基础上,用辣根过氧化物酶标记氯霉素与牛血清白蛋白偶联后免疫小鼠制得的单克隆抗体,并优化抗体工作浓度、反应时间等试验参数,建立了一种简便、快速、准确的氯霉素(CAP)残留一步式化学发光酶联免疫检测方法。结果表明:该方法最佳检测范围为20～1620 pg/mL,IC50值达59.911 pg/mL,检测限为9.3 pg/g,可检出国际规定的CAP残留标准限量值以下的残留量。与常规ELISA检测方法相比,不仅提高了检测限和灵敏度,而且反应时间缩短了60 min。采用一步式化学发光酶联免疫检测氯霉素残留,可以大幅度缩减检测时间,更符合快速检测的要求。     

Chloramphenicol concentrations in calf muscle tissue

Twenty-five 9- to 11-week-old calves were administered 2 doses of chloramphenicol prepared in propylene glycol (13.6 mg/kg of body weight IV; 6.8 mg/kg IM; or 13.6 mg/kg IM) at 24-hour intervals. Calves were euthanatized at designated times from 2 to 72 hours after the last dose was administered. Muscle tissues were collected immediately after euthanasia, and chloramphenicol concentrations in the tissues were determined.