淡水养殖鱼类病原菌药敏实验

25种抗菌药物对淡水鱼类6种病原菌分别表现出敏感、中度敏感和耐药3种结果。测定14种抗菌药物对淡水鱼类6种病原菌的最小抑菌浓度，结果显示，不同药物对同一病原菌和同一药物对不同病原菌均具有不同的MIC。在淡水鱼类细菌病防治过程中，应选择药敏反应敏感或MIC较低且吸收较好的抗菌药物，并交替使用，以防止耐药菌株的产生。     

鲢鳙鳊鲫鱼肉的蛋白质组成及分离研究

我国４种淡水鱼鲢镛鳊鲫的蛋白质组成基本一致,即粗蛋白质为１７．２ｇ／１００ｇ－１８．３ｇ／１００ｇ湿肉,其中肌原纤维蛋白质占总氮的６０．７－６４．４％、肌浆蛋白质为２６．１－３３．２％,总基质蛋白质为９．０－２０．８％,非蛋白 １９３ｍｇＮ３４７ｍｇＮ／１００ｇ湿肉。     

8种淡水鱼类血清蛋白质的初步研究

通过乙酸纤维素薄膜电泳,分离了8种鱼类的血清蛋白质成份并测定了其各组成份的相对含量。着重比较了γ球蛋白含量的差异性。     

基因工程技术在我国淡水鱼类育种上的应用

近20年来，随着转基因工程技术的兴起和应用，我国在淡水鱼类的抗病育种上取得了可喜的研究成果，为进一步用转基因工程技术培育优良鱼种奠定了良好的学术基础。     

我国鲢鳙鳊鲫鱼肉蛋白质冷藏稳定性的研究

采用肌原纤维（Ｍｆ）ＡＴＰ酶活性和溶解度考察鲢鳙鳊鲫四种淡水鱼的冷藏稳定性,显示出完全一致的对应结果,即－２０℃鲢鳙变性严重,鳊鲫轻微,结果表明：ＭｆＣａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性在考察蛋白质冷藏变性中是一个可靠而又实用的指标。     

温带淡水观赏鱼的常见病及预防方法

淡水观赏鱼养殖在当前方兴未艾.生产上面临一个问题如何预防鱼病的问胚.本文作者探讨淡水观赏鱼常见病发病机制及预防方法.     

Biochemical and Serological Characterization of Flavobacterium columnare from Freshwater Fishes of Eastern India

Flavobacterium columnare is an important pathogen of freshwater fishes often causing high mortality. Seven strains of F. columnare have been isolated from gill necrosis, skin lesions and internal organs of Catla catla, Labeo rohita, Cirrhinus mrigala, Carassius auratus, Anabas testudineus and Clarias batrachus and characterized by biochemical reactions and serological tests viz indirect enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Dot‐ELISA, agglutination test. All the strains showed binding to Congo red dye as well as hemolysis. All the seven strains were susceptible to amikacin, gentamycin and ofloxacin. In vivo LD₅₀ dose of virulent strain MS2 was found to be 6 × 10⁴ CFU/mL after experimental infection to L. rohita. Serologically all the seven strains showed a positive result to agglutination, Dot‐ELISA and indirect ELISA. The agglutination titer was found to be in the range of 256‐131,072. The lysozyme activity of hyperimmune sera was found to be 39.37 ± 0.80 units/mL. This is the first extensive study that report about the various strains of F. columnare from freshwater fishes of Eastern India and their differentiation by biochemical and serological methods.     

Health Status of Ornamental Freshwater Fishes Imported to South Africa: A Pilot Study

Keeping fish is a popular pastime in South Africa and the majority of ornamental fish are imported. A pilot study was initiated to examine the health status of ornamental freshwater fishes imported to South Africa. Four groups of thirty fish each were examined for the presence of external parasites, and processed for virus isolation and for bacterial and mycobacterial culture. The groups consisted of goldfish (Carassius auratus), koi (Cyprinus carpio), guppies (Poecilia reticulata) and cardinal tetras (Cheirodon axelrodi). Mycobacterium fortuitum was isolated from the goldfish and koi. No other significant bacteria were isolated and virus culture was negative for all groups. Skin scrapings and wet gill preparations were made to detect external parasites. Parasites were identified from fixed material. External parasites included Trichodina mutabilis, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, ciliophorans of the genus Tetrahymena, and monogeneans belonging to the genera Dactylogyrus and Gyrodactylus. This is the first report of Trichodina mutabilis in South Africa. Diseases imported with ornamental fish pose a risk to both indigenous fish populations and the aquaculture industry. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Accumulation of Two Trace Metals in Tissues of Freshwater Fishes,Oreochoromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus

Bioaccumulation of zinc and cadmium in body tissues of a cichlid, Oreochromis niloticus, and a mudfish, Clarias gariepinus, were investigated in three separate static experiments for eight weeks. The Clarias species accumulated zinc in the order of liver>gut>gills>whole fish>skin>muscles. The accumulation of cadmium in both species was in the order of liver>gut>gills>skin>muscle>whole fish. The Clarias species accumulated more zinc than it did cadmium. The bioconcentration factors of both species showed that of the liver to be significantly greater (p<0.001) than other organs.     

Use of Rotenone as Piscicide: Toxicity Levels in a Few Common Freshwater Predatory and Weed Fishes

Toxicity of rotenone was studied in a few common freshwater predatory and weed fishes through wet laboratory experiments for its use as a piscicide during pond preparation. Cube root powder (CRP) (ENT-133 Rotenone) containing 9% rotenone was used as the toxicant source. Lethal concentration of CRP for these common predatory and weed fishes varied between 0.75–2.70 mg L^?1 (0.068–0.243 mg L^?1 of rotenone). Acute toxicity study revealed Puntius sophore to have more susceptibility to rotenone toxicity with 24 h LC₅₀ value of CRP at 0.50 mg L^?1 (0.045 mg L^?1 rotenone) compared to 1.17 mg L^?1 (0.105 mg L^?1 rotenone) in Anabas testudineus and 1.90 mg L^?1 in Channa punctatus (0.171 mg L^?1 rotenone); while Heteropneustes fossilis showed higher tolerance with 24 h LC₅₀ value at 2.42 mg L^?1 (0.218 mg L^?1 rotenone). Such result suggested rotenone toxicity to depend on the respiratory behavior of fish. The marginal reduction in 48 h LC₅₀ of CRP compared to its 24 h value and no fish mortality beyond 48-h in all tested species suggested faster degradation of the toxicant in water. Since application of the piscicide aims at eradication of all commonly available species of predatory and weed fishes in the culture pond, the study suggested a dose of 2.5 mg L^?1 of CRP (0.225 mg L^?1 rotenone) for pond application.     

Rates of Yolk Utilization and Effects of Delayed Initial Feeding in the Larvae of the Freshwater Fishes Rohu and Singhi

The yolk utilization rates and effects of delayed initial feeding were examined on the feeding ability, survival and growth of the larvae of two freshwater species, rohu, Labeo rohita and singhi, Heteropneustes fossilis reared in the laboratory at 26 (2) °C. Although the yolk reserves in both species lasted at least 7 days after hatching, all larvae initiated feeding by the fifth day, indicating a short period of mixed (endogenous and exogenous) feeding. When first feeding was delayed beyond the fifth day, subsequent weight gains and survival rates declined progressively for both rohu and singhi, although their feeding abilities were not adversely affected until the seventh (singhi) and eleventh (rohu) day. The point of no return (PNR) (when 50% of the unfed larvae were unable to feed when offered food) was reached in singhi when they were 8 days old and in rohu when they were 14 days old. Even among the larvae that fed at PNR, their subsequent mortality rate was nearly 100%, reflecting the irreversible effects of starvation. This study showed that rohu were more resistant to starvation than singhi.     

鱼类的摄食感觉

鱼类的摄食感觉是决定鱼类摄取食物与否的关键,也是鱼类营养学研究的基础.文章简要介绍了鱼类的摄食感觉器官--嗅觉、味觉、侧线、视觉的结构和功能,不同感觉器官在鱼类摄食过程中的作用以及不同感觉器官的反应在摄食过程中的关系.     

镉对鱼类毒性作用的研究现状

镉是一种主要的水体重金属污染物,易对水生生物尤其是鱼类产生毒性作用。就镉对鱼类生理、生化及其代谢、行为、生物分子及其细胞凋亡的影响进行了综述,以便有目的地确定未来的研究方向;同时,一些研究成果对于渔业的养殖和保护具有现实指导意义。     

土霉素在鱼体内的动力学研究概况

综述土霉素在鱼体内的动力学研究概况。分析动力学中各个相关过程(包括吸收、分布、代谢、排泄)的特点，以及影响土霉素在鱼体内过程的各种因素。