含10%双低菜籽饼肉鸡日粮中添加植酸酶的饲喂效果试验

选用1日龄的铁脚麻肉鸡240只,进行为期28天的饲养试验,试验日粮含10%双低菜籽饼,试验组添加600 U/kg植酸酶取代50%的磷酸氢钙,对照组不添加植酸酶。结果表明:试验组鸡群的成活率、日增重和饲料转化率比对照组有所提高,经济效益明显。     

在双低菜籽饼型日粮中添加植酸酶对肉鸡钙磷利用率的影响

在含10%双低菜籽饼的肉鸡日粮中添加600u/kg和700u/kg的植酸酶并取代一半的磷酸氢钙,观察植酸酶对肉鸡钙、磷利用率的影响。结果表明:添加600u/kg和700u/kg植酸酶的试2、3组较未添加植酸酶的试1组其钙和磷利用率分别提高7.08个百分点、9.85个百分点和10.97个百分点、12.13个百分点,植酸磷的利用率提高13.35个百分点、14.01个百分点,磷的排泄量下降10.90个百分点、13.30个百分点,差异显著(P<0.05)。证明在双低菜籽饼型日粮中添加植酸酶改进了钙、磷的利用率,而且还可取代一半的磷酸氢钙。     

植酸酶替代猪日粮中磷酸氢钙的饲喂效果

磷是动物机体必需的矿物元素。植物性饲料中的磷大部分以植酸或植酸盐的形式存在。而单胃动物肠道粘膜中的内源性植酸酶及肠道微生物产生的植酸酶活性很差(Ravindran V等，1995)，缺乏分解植酸的植酸酶，造成饲料中磷的利用率仅有1/3或更低。日粮中的磷只有很小部分沉积到体内和畜产品中，其余部分从粪便中排出。为了补充有效磷的不足，必须在饲料中添加无机磷酸盐。然而高密度畜禽养殖时，动物排泄物中的磷导致地下水、土壤污染以及水源富养化污染。     

植酸酶替代产蛋鸡日粮中磷酸氢钙的研究

试验选用640只23周龄产蛋鸡,研究应用植酸酶减少日粮中磷酸氢钙的用量后,对产蛋鸡生产性能、骨中钙磷含量和营养物质表观消化率的影响.试验分4组,各组日粮植酸酶水平为0、300、400、550 U/kg,相应各组日粮的磷酸氢钙含量为1.6%、0.55%、0.29%、0.29%.结果表明,各组的产蛋率和料蛋比差异不显著(P＞0.05).试验各组蛋鸡的死淘率与对照组相比有不同程度下降.试验各组胫骨中钙的含量和对照组差异不显著(P＞0.05),试验1组胫骨中磷的含量显著高于其他各组(P＜0.05),灰分含量各组之间差异不显著(P＞0.05).试验各组粗蛋白和能量的表观消化率与对照组相比差异不显著(P＞0.05).     

在双低菜籽饼型日粮中添加植酸酶对肉鸡的增重效果研究

选择出壳重相近,发育正常的70只1日龄的肉鸡(土杂鸡),随机分成2组,饲喂含5％双低菜籽饼的日粮,并以植酸酶取代日粮中的磷酸氢钙作饲养对比试验。结果表明：在双低菜籽饼型的肉鸡日粮中以600u／kg的植酸酶取代50％的磷酸氢钙,其增重速度、饲料报酬和经济效益都优于常规无机磷日粮。     

双低菜籽饼饲喂蛋鸡试验

<正> 为了开发利用菜籽饼饲料资源,进一步探索双低(低芥酸、低流甙)菜籽饼的饲喂效果,我们进行了用双低菜籽饼饲喂蛋鸡的试验。 1.试验设计和方法 1.1 试验鸡选择431日龄,体重、产蛋性能基本一致,健康状况良好的罗斯商品代蛋鸡432只,分为3大组6个小组,每小组72只鸡。 1.2 菜籽饼试验用双低菜籽饼和普通菜籽饼经化验分析,硫甙含量分别为66微摩尔和87微摩尔, 1.3 试验时间和地点自1989年4月1日起,预试期7天,试验期16周。试验在镇江市黄山种鸡场进行。 1.4 日粮营养水平及配方产蛋鸡日粮按饲养标准配制,由该种鸡场饲料厂提供配合饲料。 1.5 饲养管理试验鸡全部饲养于同一幢鸡舍,三层笼养,每个试验组南北笼位各半。采用干粉料,24小时供给充足饮水。 2.试验结果 2.1 经16周饲喂试验,3个大组双低菜籽饼组比普通菜籽饼组鸡的产蛋数、产蛋量、产蛋率高。第1大组双低菜籽饼组比普通菜籽饼组的产蛋数、产蛋量和产蛋率分别提高3枚、0.153公斤和3.6个百分点;第2大组分别提高4枚、0.181公斤和3.6个百     

“双低”菜籽饼等氮替代豆粕饲喂生长肥育猪试验

112头杜×湖断奶仔猪随机分成4组，1组为对照组，2、3、4组分别以“中双4号”“双低”菜籽饼等氮替代对照组中25％、50％及75％的豆粕，26—90kg期间进行饲养试验。结果表明，替代25％的2组平均日增重、饲料利用率、胴体品质及肌肉品质均达到或超过对照组，但差异不显著（P＞0.05）。替代50％的3组上述指标略低于对照组，但差异不显著（P＞0.05）。替代75％的4组平均日增重在试验前期极显著低于2组和1组（P＜O.01），显著低于3组（P＜O.05）；试验后期各组间差异不显著（P＞0.05）；胴体瘦肉率极显著低于2、1组（P＜O.01），显著低于3组（P＜0.05），但肌肉品质未受影响。各组背最长肌与肝脏均未检出ITC和OZT。     

肉仔鸡体外消化模拟技术评定不同剂量植酸酶作用效果的研究

对肉仔鸡体外消化模拟技术评定不同剂量植酸酶在玉米-豆粕日粮中作用效果的可行性进行了检验.在体外条件下,分别测定了添加与不添加植酸酶的6种玉米-豆粕日粮磷体外消化率和无机磷释放量.结果表明：磷体外消化率和无机磷释放量随植酸酶添加水平的增加而增加（P＜0.01）,添加不同剂量的植酸酶日粮,磷体外消化率和无机磷释放量与肉仔鸡日增重、采食量、回肠磷消化率、胫骨灰分和磷的沉积以及胫骨灰分中磷的含量等指标均存在强相关（R^2=0.971,0.990,0.962,0.903,0.866,0.986和R^2=0.970,0.987,0.976,0.898,0.859,0.984）.利用肉仔鸡体外消化模拟技术,可以评定和预测玉米-豆粕日粮中添加不同剂量植酸酶对肉仔鸡生产性能和磷利用的影响.     

菜籽饼粕应用于奶牛日粮中的例证

本文主要探讨菜籽饼粕的饲用特性及营养价值，并通过试验与实际应用观察其对奶牛干物质采食量、乳产量、乳成分等方面的影响。研究表明，在奶牛生产中合理使用菜籽饼粕，经济效益可观。     

Evaluation of Phytase Enzyme with Chicks Fed Basal Diets Containing Different Soybean Meal Samples

Soybean meal contains approximately 0.62% total P of which 0.4% can be phytate P, which is considered less biologically available for poultry than other forms of P. Soybean meal is a key ingredient in poultry feeds and information is needed about the range of phytate P and nonphytate P in different soybean meals. The phytate P content of soybeans may vary due to climatic conditions, soil type and soybean variety. Previous research has shown that phytate P can be hydrolyzed in the gastrointestinal tract providing available P by adding a commercial phytase enzyme to poultry feed. The extent of phytate hydrolysis by dietary supplementation of phytase has been shown to vary depending on the type of dietary ingredients such as corn, soybean meal, canola meal, and wheat. Research is needed to determine if different commercially available soybean meals respond in a similar manner to a feed added phytase. Twenty-five soybean meal samples were collected from active soybean crushing plants in the United States and 18 of the samples were selected to evaluate the effect of a microbial phytase on phytate P disappearance using 5-d bioassays. The range of analyzed values in soybean meal samples for total P, phytate P, Ca, protein, and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were 0.59 to 0.87, 0.32 to 0.42, 0.28 to 0.54, 40.44 to 51.69, and 7.78 to 16.09%, respectively. Bioassay results indicate that body weight, feed consumption, and feed conversion ratio improved significantly (P < 0.05) in some of the groups fed diets with enzyme compared with groups fed the same diet with no added enzyme. The range of total P retention and phytate P disappearance for groups fed diets with no enzyme were 21.35 to 48.41 and 13.64 to 37.13%, respectively. The addition of phytase increased total P retention and phytate P disappearance from 56.81 to 68.62 and 76.18 to 94.08%, respectively. The results indicate no correlation among components (total P, phytate P, Ca, protein, and NDF) of soybean meal samples, percentage of phytate P disappearance, and percentage of total P retention for groups fed diets with and without added phytase.     

Effects of Multiple-Enzyme Mixtures on Growth Performance of Broilers Fed Corn-Soybean Meal Diets

Two experiments were conducted under hot and cool seasons to investigate the effects of multiple-enzyme mixtures on the growth performance of broilers fed reduced energy corn-soybean meal diets. Broilers responded to enzyme supplementation with greater magnitude in the hot season (experiment 1) than in the cool season (experiment 2). Adding adequate activity levels of α-amylase, β-glucanase, and xylanase to broiler starter and grower corn-soybean diets with a 3% reduction in dietary ME allowed full restoration of growth performance of broilers comparable to those fed the adequate energy positive control diet regardless of season.     

Effects of a New Recombinant Phytase on the Performance and Mineral Utilization of Broilers Fed Phosphorus-Deficient Diets

An experiment was conducted with Arbor Acres broiler chickens that were fed 3 experimental diets—a control diet containing an adequate level of available phosphorus (AP) and 2 diets that were deficient in AP but supplemented with phytase at a level of either 500 or 750 phytase units/kg—to assess the effects of a novel microbial phytase supplement in broilers fed AP-deficient diets on growth performance and mineral utilization. Similar average daily gain, feed intake, and feed efficiency (P > 0.05) were obtained among broilers fed different diets. Compared with broilers fed the control diet, broilers fed diets with phytase had greater (P < 0.05) retention of Ca, P, and Zn. Moreover, the levels of Cu, Zn, Mg, and Mn in the tibia bone at 28 d of age, and Zn and Mn at 42 d of age in birds fed diets with phytase exceeded (P < 0.05) those of birds fed the control diet. Supplementation of phytase increased Zn and Mg contents in the plasma at 42 d of age. Birds responded similarly to phytase supplemented at a level of 500 or 750 phytase units/kg in terms of growth performance, mineral retention, and mineral content in the serum and bone. Therefore, with the supplementation of this novel phytase, it is possible to reduce the dietary levels of P and other minerals to below the recommended levels of the Feeding Standard of Chicken in P. R. China (ZB B 43005-86).     

玉米-豆粕型日粮中添加高剂量植酸酶对肉鸡养分利用率的影响

本试验研究了玉米-豆粕型日粮中添加高剂量不同水平的植酸酶对0~3和4~6周肉鸡养分利用率的影响。选用1日龄AA肉鸡公雏576只,随机分为6组,每组8个重复,每个重复12只。试验日粮分0~3和4~6周两个阶段,6个处理组:正对照组(前期为总磷0.69%,0.45% NPP;后期为总磷0.59%,0.35% NPP);负对照组(前期总磷0.60%,0.35% NPP;后期为总磷0.49%,0.25% NPP);4个试验组在负对照日粮中分别添加500、2000、8000和32000 FTU/kg 4种植酸酶水平。结果显示:①日粮添加高剂量不同水平的植酸酶显著影响生长前期(17~21日龄)肉鸡的钙、磷的消化利用率(P<0.05),随着植酸酶添加水平增加,钙的消化利用率显著增加(P＜0.05)。②日粮添加高剂量不同水平的植酸酶显著影响38~42日龄肉鸡磷的消化利用率(P＜0.05)。在负对照组日粮中随着植酸酶水平添加的提高,钙的消化利用率呈现先增加后降低的趋势,磷的养分利用率反而显著减少。③日粮添加高剂量不同水平植酸酶显著增加生长前期(17~21日龄)肉鸡的粗蛋白质的消化利用率和表观代谢能(P＜0.05),在生长后期(38~42日龄)对肉鸡的粗蛋白质的消化利用率和表观代谢能提高达到显著水平(P ＜0.05)。因此,高剂量不同水平的植酸酶显著提高肉鸡AME和粗蛋白质、钙、磷的消化利用率,添加高水平植酸酶可以适当调低日粮能量和蛋白质水平,日粮中总磷(tP)水平应低于NRC标准,减少无机磷和钙的添加量,以提高钙、磷在体内的存留量。     

菜籽饼替代豆粕饲喂产蛋鸡试验

用 3 % ,6%和 9%的菜籽饼替代豆粕饲喂黄金褐蛋鸡 ,结果表明 ,对产蛋鸡的生产性能没有显著影响 (P >0 0 5 ) ,对饲料中粗蛋白质的表观利用率也没有显著影响 (P >0 0 5 ) ,随着菜籽饼的增加饲料中粗蛋白质的表观利用率有下降的趋势     

肉仔鸡对菜籽粕代谢能的评定及预测模型研究

旨在建立14及28日龄肉仔鸡对湖南省内6个不同地区菜籽粕表观代谢能（AME）和氮校正表观代谢能（AMEn）的预测方程。本试验共选取700羽1日龄AA肉仔鸡,根据日龄进行两个阶段的试验。第一阶段（7~14日龄）选取420羽肉仔鸡随机分为7个处理,每个处理10个重复,每个重复6羽;第二阶段（21~28日龄）选取280羽肉仔鸡随机分为7个处理,每个处理10个重复,每个重复4羽。两个阶段中的7个处理组分别为6个不同地区的菜籽粕采用全替代法设计的试验饲粮组和1个无氮饲粮组。采用全收粪法测定14及28日龄肉仔鸡对菜籽粕的AME和AMEn,并通过回归分析建立预测方程。结果表明,14日龄肉仔鸡对菜籽粕的AME和AMEn分别为7.44和7.35 MJ·kg^-1,AME和AMEn最佳预测方程分别为AME=24.98-0.39NDF和AMEn=25.04-0.39NDF;28日龄肉仔鸡对菜籽粕的AME和AMEn分别为8.01和7.91 MJ·kg^-1,AME和AMEn最佳预测方程分别为AME=23.08-0.34NDF和AMEn=23.06-0.34NDF。本研究结果完善了肉仔鸡菜籽粕代谢能的数据库,为菜籽粕在畜禽饲粮中的应用提供了支撑。     

菜籽粕替代豆粕饲喂产蛋鸡试验

用4%、8%和10%的菜籽粕替代豆粕饲喂黄金褐蛋鸡,结果表明,对产蛋鸡的生产性能没有显著影响（P〉0.05）,对饲料中粗蛋白质的表观利用率也没有显著影响（P〉0.05）,随着菜籽粕的增加,饲料中粗蛋白质的表观利用率有下降的趋势。