一例鸡组织滴虫病的诊疗与讨论

正鸡组织滴虫病是一种常见的原虫病。该病无明显的季节性,但多以春季和夏季多发。当饲养管理条件差、消毒不严格、应激因素过多等因素,常常可以诱发该病的发生和流行。该病主要侵害雏鸡,影响鸡的生长和发育,严重会导致雏鸡死亡,可给养殖户造成巨大的经济损失,影响养殖户的经济效益。因此,预防和控制该病具有重要意义。笔者以一起鸡组织滴虫病为例,对鸡组织滴虫病的预防与诊治措施进行分析和探讨,仅供同行和     

一起鸡组织滴虫病的预防与诊治

正鸡组织滴虫病是一种常见的原虫病。该病无明显的季节性,但多以春季和夏季多发。当饲养管理条件差、消毒不严格、应激因素过多等因素,常常可以诱发该病的发生和流行。该病主要侵害雏鸡,影响鸡的生长和发育,严重会导致雏鸡死亡,可给养殖户造成巨大的经济损失,影响养殖户的经济效益。因此,预防和控制该病具有重要意义。笔者以一起鸡组织滴虫病为例,对鸡组织滴虫病的预防与诊治措施进行分析和探讨,仅供同行和     

一例鸡组织滴虫病的诊治报告

鸡组织滴虫病是由变形鞭毛虫科的黑头组织滴虫引起的原虫病。主要感染鸡和火鸡,该病主要特征是盲肠发炎和肝脏表面产生的具有特征性的坏死溃疡病灶,严重的可造成死亡。因病鸡头面部皮肤变成紫蓝色或黑色,遂有"黑头病"之称。如果发生该病,会给养禽生产造成了一定的经济损失。2012年8月份,我市某鸡场发生该病,经过采取综合性的治疗措     

鸡组织滴虫病的诊断和防治

鸡组织滴虫病是由火鸡组织滴虫寄生于鸡的盲肠和肝脏而引起的原虫病。该病的特征是鸡只出现坏死性肝炎和坏死性盲肠炎。病鸡冠髯暗红,多发生于火鸡、雏鸡,成年鸡也可发生,但病情较轻。鸡的组织滴虫病严重危害养鸡业的发展,要根据该病的流行特点,临床特点和主要病理剖检变化进行科学的诊断,制定合理的防控措施。     

鸡盲肠肝炎的治疗与预防方法探讨

<正>鸡盲肠肝炎病又称组织滴虫病,是一种常发的急性原虫病,该病常见于散养鸡,笼养鸡偶有零星发生。多见于120日龄以下的散养鸡,组织滴虫病常发生于春、夏季节,主要通过消化道感染,蚯蚓使该病的主要宿主,当鸡采食蚯蚓后,便可感染该病发生。病鸡感染后潜伏期通常5 d以上,主要病变在肝脏和盲肠,肝脏坏死肿胀,表面呈现纽扣状坏死。当鸡患有盲肠肝炎的时候,就要做好隔离工作,因为这种病症具有很强的传染性,短时间内就可以大范围传播。引起这种病症的主要原因是鸡的体内组织滴虫,其属于变形鞭毛虫科,     

一例鸡组织滴虫病的诊治报告

正鸡组织滴虫病是发生于鸡的以盲肠溃疡、肝脏坏死为主要特征的一种急性原虫病,又称为盲肠肝炎或鸡黑头病。该病主要发生于15~60日龄的雏鸡,鸡群一旦发病,很容易死亡,会给养殖户造成一定的经济损失。我县某养殖户饲养的鸡感染了组织滴虫病,现将诊治情况介绍如下。1发病情况该户饲养的蛋雏鸡45日龄时,鸡群出现异常情况,有个别鸡精神不振,食欲减退,并伴有腹泻发生。养殖户用抗生素治疗,没有明显的效果,随着病情发展,发病数量逐渐增多,     

一起三黄鸡组织滴虫病的诊治

鸡组织滴虫病又称盲肠肝炎或黑头病,是由火鸡组织滴虫寄生于鸡而引起的原虫病,其特征为病鸡死亡时肝脏坏死,盲肠溃疡及鸡冠变成蓝黑色.该病除造成鸡死亡等直接损失外,还会继发其它疾病,给养鸡生产带来损害.该病一般在温暖潮湿的夏秋季发生较多.2008年5月上旬,我中心接诊了一例三黄鸡组织滴虫病,经过一系列综合防治措施,及时控制了病情,现将情况报告如下.     

优质土鸡发生鸡黑头病的诊断与防治

鸡黑头病也称组织滴虫病或盲肠肝炎,主要侵害鸡和火鸡,呈世界性分布,临床特征是病鸡便血、贫血、肝脏坏死和盲肠溃疡。多发于雏鸡和雏火鸡, 成鸡虽然可感染,但症状不明显。此病在夏季多发, 如治疗不及时,发病率和死亡率将明显上升。病愈后的鸡生长缓慢,产蛋率下降,给养鸡业造成一定的经济损失。该病病原为组织滴虫,也称盲肠肝炎单胞虫。该病多发于春末至初秋的暖热季节,鸡、火鸡、鹧鸪     

貉子组织滴虫病的诊治

<正>貉子组织滴虫病是由组织滴虫引起的貉子盲肠和肝脏寄生性机能紊乱的一种疾病。在毛皮动物(主要是狐、貉)上以盲肠溃疡为特征。该病在毛皮动物上的发生是由于毛皮动物(主要是狐、貉)饲喂感染组织滴虫病的鸡的副产品导致的。该病在毛皮动物上的发生没有     

草鸡“黑头病”的诊治

鸡黑头病又称组织滴虫病或盲肠肝炎,是由火鸡组织滴虫寄生于鸡盲肠和肝脏引起的寄生原虫病。其主要特征是肓肠发炎和肝脏表面钮扣状溃疡灶。2011年6月北宿镇某养鸡户饲养的1600余只草鸡,发生了该病。现将诊治结果报告如下:     

Cytological Analysis of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid in the Diagnosis of Spontaneous Respiratory Tract Disease in Dogs: A Retrospective Study

Results of cytological analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAD fluid were compared with clinical diagnoses in dogs that presented with signs of respiratory disease to referral hospitals. Of 68 dogs in which a clinical diagnosis was possible, BAL cytological findings were considered definitive for the diagnosis in 17 cases (25%), supportive of the diagnosis in 34 cases (50%), and not helpful in 17 cases (25%). Findings were most often considered supportive of or definitive for the clinical diagnosis in dogs with alveolar or bronchial radiographic patterns, or the presence of pulmonary masses. BAL results among lung lobes differed in 23 of 63 dogs (37%) with diffuse radiographic patterns. Tracheal wash cytology differed from BAL fluid cytology in 45 of 66 dogs (68%). Bronchoalveolar lavage was a clinically useful procedure for the diagnostic evaluation of dogs with signs of respiratory disease.     

Clinical evaluation and long-term follow-up of dogs having coronoidectomy for elbow incongruity

A retrospective study was performed describing the clinical presentations, radiographic findings, and surgical outcomes of 17 dogs (18 elbows) following medial coronoidectomy for the treatment of elbow joint incongruity as a sole disease entity. Complete resolution of lameness was achieved in 100% of the cases. The mean radiographic arthrosis grade progressed in 70% of the cases. Results of this study indicate that resolution of clinical lameness may be achieved with medial coronoidectomy in dogs with elbow incongruity; however, progression of degenerative joint disease with unknown, long-term clinical significance can be expected after surgery.     

Granulomatous meningoence-phalomyelitis in 21 dogs

Granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis (GME) is a well recognised disease entity affecting dogs. It manifests in a wide variety of clinical syndromes. The lesion is characterised by focal or disseminated non-caseating granulomas in the brain and spinal cord, non-suppurative meningitis and marked perivascular lymphoid cuffing. The clinical signs can be acute and rapidly progressive or can manifest as a chronic relapsing disease. In this survey, 12 clinical cases were referred to Murdoch University Veterinary Hospital and nine cases were submitted for necropsy. While cerebrospinal fluid examination in seven of these cases suggested inflammatory disease, necropsy confirmed the presence of GME. An immunohistochemical technique for detection of distemper virus antigen failed to identify the presence of distemper virus antigen in any of the cases. It was concluded that distemper virus was not involved in the aetiology of these 21 cases all of which were confirmed by post mortem examination.     

Retrospective analysis of historical, clinical, ultrasonographic, serum biochemical and haematological data in prognostic evaluation of equine liver disease

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Results of noninvasive tests of liver disease do not always correlate with the degree of hepatic disease nor outcome of the case. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prognostic value of data collected using noninvasive tests during the investigation of cases of suspected liver disease in mature horses. HYPOTHESIS: Much of the data gathered during the investigation of suspected hepatopathy cases offers little prognostic guidance and interpretation of such data can be misleading. METHODS: The results from a range of common and noninvasive diagnostic techniques applied in 116 mature horses with suspected liver disease, were assessed for their ability to predict survival within a 6 month period. RESULTS: A significantly poorer prognosis was found in association with clinical signs suggestive of liver disease, presence of hepatic encephalopathy, ultrasonographic abnormalities, increased serum globulins, increased total bile acids (TBA), increased alkaline phosphatase (AP), increased gamma-glutamyl transferase (gammaGT), erythrocytosis, leucocytosis, low serum albumin and low serum urea. Additional significant novel findings of interest included an association between increased plasma fibrinogen and low serum creatinine concentrations with nonsurvival in cases of liver disease, an association between raised serum concentrations of AP and gammaGT with biliary hyperplasia and also an association between hepatic fibrosis, haemosiderosis and biliary hyperplasia with ultrasonographically detected hepatic abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS: The most useful noninvasive prognostic test in cases of suspected liver disease in mature horses is the severity of clinical signs. Other data may be of some limited prognostic value. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: Application of the findings in this study may not be directly applicable to other case populations. However, the findings should at least be considered when prognosis is based on similar criteria.     

Characteristics of an outbreak of West Nile virus encephalomyelitis in a previously uninfected population of horses

Equine West Nile virus (WNV) encephalomyelitis cases - based on clinical signs and ELISA serology test results - reported to Texas disease control authorities during 2002 were analyzed to provide insights into the epidemiology of the disease within a previously disease-free population. The epidemic occurred between June 27 and December 17 (peaking in early October) and 1,698 cases were reported. Three distinct epidemic phases were identified, occurring mostly in southeast, northwest and then central Texas. Significant (P<0.05) disease clusters were identified in northwest and northern Texas. Most (91.1%) cases had no recent travel history, and most (68.9%) cases had not been vaccinated within the previous 12 months. One-third of cases did not survive, 71.2% of which were euthanatized. The most commonly reported presenting signs included ataxia (69%), abnormal gait (52%), muscle fasciculations (49%), depression (32%) and recumbency (28%). Vaccination status, ataxia, falling down, recumbency and lip droop best explained the risk of not surviving WNV disease. Results suggest that the peak risk period for encephalomyelitis caused by WNV may vary substantially among regions within Texas. Recumbent horses have a poor prognosis for survival. Vaccines, even if not administered sufficiently in advance of WNV infection within a district, may reduce the risk of death by at least 44%.     

Canine Sterile Nodular Panniculitis: A Retrospective Study of 14 Cases

Background: Sterile nodular panniculitis (SNP) is an uncommon inflammatory condition of subcutaneous fat that can be idiopathic, but has also been associated with underlying conditions such as pancreatic disease or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The pathogenesis and clinical course of the condition are not well understood. Objectives: To retrospectively review cases of SNP associated with systemic signs, concurrent disease, or both and characterize the clinical, laboratory, imaging, and histopathologic findings, treatment, and response to treatment. Animals: Fourteen dogs with histologically confirmed SNP diagnosed between 1996 and 2008. Methods: Retrospective study. Results: Skin lesions were ulcerated or draining nodules in 9 dogs and nonulcerative subcutaneous nodules in 5. Most dogs had systemic signs, such as fever, inappetence, lethargy, and multiple lesions. Common clinicopathologic findings included neutrophilia with or without left shift, increased alkaline phosphatase activity, mild hypoglycemia, hypoalbuminemia, and proteinuria. Concurrent diseases included pancreatic disease, SLE, rheumatoid arthritis, polyarthritis, lymphoplasmacytic colitis, and hepatic disease. Dogs responded to immunosuppressive doses of corticosteroids when administered. Prognosis for recovery was related to the underlying disease process. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: SNP is not a single disease. Rather, it is a cutaneous marker of systemic disease in many cases. After thorough evaluation for concurrent disease and infectious causes, immunosuppressive treatment is often effective.     

Clinical, cytologic and histopathologic manifestations of protothecosis in two dogs

Two cases of sudden onset of blindness associated with ocular protothecosis in dogs are reported. Both were adult, spayed female, mixed-breed dogs that lacked the usual clinical signs of systemic infection with Prototheca species. Physical abnormalities at the time of presentation were limited to the affected eyes which had serous discharge, hyperemic conjunctiva, and aqueous flare. The pupillary light reflexes were slow, and the menace reflexes were absent. Both dogs had glaucoma. Results of complete blood counts and serologic titres for antibodies to Blastomyces dermatitidis and Histoplasma capsulatum were within reference intervals. Protothecosis was diagnosed by cytologic analysis of vitreous humor and was confirmed at necropsy. These two cases were unusual because of their presenting signs and prolonged course of disease progression.     

Effect of a test and control program for Johne's disease in Victorian beef herds 1992-2002

OBJECTIVE: To report on progress in Johne's disease (JD) control in infected beef herds participating in the Victorian Johne's disease test and control program (TCP). PROCEDURE: Clinical histories and JD testing data recorded by the Department of Primary Industries were analysed for 18 beef herds participating in the TCP. The herds were required to conduct annual whole herd tests with an absorbed ELISA, cull reactors and control the grazing of young cattle to minimise infection. RESULTS: Testing of over 11,000 animals identified 68 reactors giving an average prevalence of reactors at the first whole-herd test round (T1) of 0.77%. There had been 20 clinical cases detected in the 7 years before the TCP started and two cases detected in the 10 years after TCP started. Most reactors and all clinical cases were born before the TCP started. Of 34 reactors necropsied, 25 (74%) were confirmed to have JD by histology or culture of tissues. The modal age of reactors and clinical cases was 5 and 6 years respectively. Six herds completed the program by achieving three successive negative whole herd tests, four herds dropped out and eight continued to test. There were 18 reactors detected at T1 and 33 reactors that were negative at T1 but detected at subsequent tests. CONCLUSION: The TCP was associated with a marked decline in clinical cases. The similar age distributions of clinical cases and reactors probably meant that testing detected animals for which clinical disease was imminent. Whether the measures used in the TCP were adequate to control the disease in beef herds could not be determined because of the long incubation period of the disease. The relatively high proportion of the reactors investigated that were confirmed as infected provided confidence that the test was continuing to operate at a high specificity. If all unconfirmed reactors were presumed to be uninfected, the minimum specificity of the ELISA was 99.83%. The sensitivity of the ELISA appeared to be very low because of the large number of reactors that were negative at T1 but positive at later tests.     

Dysautonomia in dogs: 65 cases (1993-2000)

OBJECTIVE: To determine signalment, history, clinical findings, results of autonomic function testing and other antemortem diagnostic tests, and pathologic findings in dogs with dysautonomia. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 65 dogs with dysautonomia. PROCEDURE: Case records of 68 dogs with a diagnosis of dysautonomia were reviewed; inclusion criteria included histologic confirmation of dysautonomia or clinical signs and results of pharmacologic testing consistent with dysautonomia. RESULTS: 65 dogs fulfilled all criteria for dysautonomia. Dogs from rural environments were overrepresented, and cases of dysautonomia were reported for every month, although the highest number of cases was reported in February and March. Vomiting was the most common clinical sign, followed by diarrhea, signs of anorexia and depression, weight loss, and dysuria. The most common physical examination finding was decreased or absent anal tone, followed by absent pupillary light reflexes and elevated nictitating membrane. Results of pharmacologic testing were consistent with dysautonomia, although no single test was 100% sensitive. Histologic lesions consistent with dysautonomia were found in the autonomic ganglia, brainstem nuclei, and ventral horns of the spinal cord. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Dysautonomia is an endemic disease in Kansas, and a high index of suspicion of the disease can be made by combining clinical signs, physical examination findings, and results of pharmacologic testing.     

Clinicopathological features of lymphosarcoma involving the thoracic cavity in the horse

The clinical and post mortem features of 11 cases of lymphosarcoma involving the thoracic cavity are reviewed. The clinical findings included inappetence, weight loss, pectoral oedema, dyspnoea, pleural effusion and distension of the jugular veins. Dysphagia was present in three cases. At post mortem examination lesions were found in the abdomen as well as the chest in eight cases; clinical signs of abdominal disease were present in two cases. The features of nine other similar cases recorded in the literature are reviewed.