Presence of contagious yawning in sheep

Contagious yawning is triggered by others yawning, and it has previously been reported in humans, primates and several experimental and companion mammals. Whereas it might be a response to an innate releasing mechanism, contagious yawning is also considered to involve emotional contagion. Here, we demonstrate that sheep, the animal model of livestock animals, also experience contagious yawning. Twelve adult castrated Corriedale sheep were used in this study. Pairs of sheep were adjacently restrained with or without a wooden divider panel to shield them from viewing the other. Their behaviors were video‐recorded for 3 days in each condition. Sheep yawned 2.0 ± 1.1 and 1.2 ± 1.1 times/day/head in the unshielded and shielded conditions, respectively. Unshielded restrained sheep yawned within 1 min after the other one 11.1% of the time, while shielded pairs did not exhibit contagious yawning. Rumination was also highly synchronized under the unshielded condition. These data reveal that contagious yawning and behavioral synchronicity occur in ruminants like sheep, making them a suitable animal model to investigate contagious yawning and the underlying mechanism.     

兔传染性水疱口炎的防治

兔传染性水疱口炎是由水疱性口炎病毒引起的兔的一种急性传染病。其特征是口腔黏膜发生水疱性炎症并大量流涎,故又称“流涎病”。水疱性口炎病毒属于弹状病毒科水疱性病毒属,病毒粒子呈子弹状或圆柱性,有囊膜,大小为176nm×69nm。该病毒可在7～13日龄鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜上及尿囊内生长,1～2d内使鸡胚死亡。另外,该病毒能在多种细胞中繁殖并产生血凝素。在4℃条件下该病毒能存活30d;-20℃能长期存活。2％氢氧化钠、1％福尔马林能在数分钟杀死该病毒;加热至60℃或直射阳光下,病毒很快死亡。该病毒主要存在于病兔的水疱液、水疱皮、口腔黏膜坏死组     

Attempted reactivation of contagious ecthyma in Dall sheep

Dexamethasone was administered to 2 Dall ewes that had clinically recovered from contagious ecthyma in an attempt to reactivate contagious ecthyma in the sheep. Clinical signs of disease were not detected within 24 days after corticosteroid injection, and virus was not detected in tissues collected at necropsy.     

羊传染性脓疱性皮炎的防治

羊传染性脓疱病包括羔羊口疮、传染性口炎或脓泡性口炎,是由传染性脓疱病毒(或称口疮病毒)所引起的绵羊和山羊的一种接触性传染病.以羔羊、幼龄羊发病率较高.其特征为口唇等处皮肤和黏膜形成丘疹、脓疱、溃疡和疣状厚痂.     

用自制荧光抗体检测湖羊传染性胸膜肺炎

为实现对湖羊传染性胸肺炎病的准确快速诊断而建立的荧光抗体诊断法,通过利用核酸蛋白检测仪,用G50过滤提取IgG,并用荧光素进行标记,制备出了湖羊传染性胸膜肺炎荧光抗体,同时用培养法、乳胶平板凝集法、间接血凝法对荧光抗体法进行了验证,表明该方法能在较短时间内对湖羊支原体肺炎做出准确诊断,与其他病之间无交叉反应,具有快速、准确、特异性高的特点。     

Atypical contagious ecthyma in a sheep after extensive cutaneous thermal injury

An atypical case of contagious ecthyma in a wether, following severe thermal injury to the skin, is reported. Histologically, extensive verrucous growths at the edges of the burned skin were areas of severe epidermal hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis. Intracellular viral particles were present, and sections of skin were positive for ovine contagious ecthyma virus by a fluorescent antibody test.