鸡免疫球蛋白(GIgG)轻链的分离纯化及其抗血清的制备

经硫酸铵盐析、柱色谱分离得到纯化的鸡血清IgG。继用2-巯基乙醇还原、碘乙酰胶烷化拆开IgG的轻、重链,再经Sephadex G100凝胶过滤柱色谱分离得到IgG轻链。以IgG轻链免疫家兔制得兔抗鸡IgG轻链抗血清。     

鸡免疫球蛋白G Fc(IgG Fc)片段的分离纯化及其抗血清的制备 Ⅱ.豚鼠抗鸡IgG Fc片段血清的制备

经硫酸铵盐析、DEAE 32-纤维素和Sephadex G 200柱色谱法分离得到纯化的鸡血清IgG。然后用木瓜蛋白酶水解IgG,再经DEAE 32-纤维素柱色谱纯化制得IgG Fc片段,并以IgG Fc片段免疫豚鼠制备豚鼠抗鸡IgG Fc血清。     

鸡和猪分泌型免疫球蛋白A结构蛋白的比较

通过SephadexG 2 0 0凝胶过滤和DEAE纤维素柱 ,分别从胆汁和初乳中提纯鸡和猪的分泌型免疫球蛋白A (SIgA)。SDS PAGE结果显示 ,鸡SIgA的轻链分子量约为 2 6 0 0 0～ 2 80 0 0 ,与鸡IgG的轻链分子量相似 ,而重链分子量约为 670 0 0～ 70 0 0 0 ,比鸡IgG的分子量要大。猪的SIgA与猪IgG的轻链和重链的分子量均相同。轻链的分子量约为 2 6 0 0 0～ 2 80 0 0 ;重链的分子量约为 53 0 0 0～ 570 0 0。猪SIgA中J链的分子量为 1 6 0 0 0～ 1 70 0 0。本实验证明鸡SIgA轻链的分子量与猪的SIgA的轻链相似 ,而鸡SIgA重链的分子量则高于猪的SIgA的重链     

鸡堆型艾美耳球虫特异性单抗轻、重链可变区基因的克隆与序列测定

将已扩增出的鸡堆型史美耳球虫特异性单抗轻、重链可变区基因进行纯化,并用纯化的2基因片段与pMD-18T载体连接,将重组载体转化于感受态细胞JM109,筛选出阳性重组子,提取阳性重组子质粒并进行测序.得到单抗轻、重链可变区的基因序列.轻链基因为312 bp,重链基因为381 bp,为单链抗体基因的构建及免疫毒素的构建奠定了基础.     

基于串联亲和层析法纯化并鉴定猪初乳中SIgA

分泌型免疫球蛋白A(SIgA)是黏膜免疫的主要效应分子，在临床上常常作为疾病早期诊断的靶标，此外，基于SIgA的治疗性单抗和靶向SIgA产生的黏膜疫苗也越来越受到关注。分离并纯化出完整且具有活性的SIgA是产品研发的前提。为了提高猪初乳中SIgA的纯化效率，本研究采用串联亲和层析，强阴离子柱和精细分子筛层析进行纯化，从10 mL初乳中获得3 mg具有活性的SIgA。使用Western blot对纯化的SIgA进行鉴定，结果表明，纯化的SIgA与抗猪的重链蛋白单抗和抗SC单抗均具有良好的反应性。使用ELISA测试SIgA与抗猪的IgA重链单抗的反应性，结果发现使用本方法纯化的SIgA较原先方法(即硫酸铵沉淀，DEAE52弱阴离子层析，SephadexG-200凝胶层析和多次亲和层析的纯化方法)具有更高的反应性。最后使用质谱鉴定纯化的蛋白，结果表明为猪的SIgA。本研究为从猪初乳中纯化SIgA建立了一种高效的纯化方法，也为其它来源的SIgA的纯化提供参考。     

抗鸡传染性支气管炎病毒核蛋白单链抗体的构建及初步鉴定

为了构建鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)核蛋白(N)单链抗体(scFv),本研究通过提取杂交瘤细胞株6H3的总mRNA,采用RT-PCR法扩增出抗IBV N蛋白抗体的重链和轻链可变区基因,利用重叠延伸PCR将其重链和轻链通过一条寡核苷酸链连接起来扩增了单链抗体基因,并将其克隆于原核表达载体pET-30a,构建重组质粒,转化E.coli BL21(DE3),经IPTG诱导表达.对表达产物进行纯化复性后,用夹心ELISA和western blot检测表明scFv可与传染性支气管炎病毒核蛋白发生特异性结合.     

紫锥菊纯化多糖的制备及其抑炎作用研究

为了探讨紫锥菊纯化多糖对炎症的抑制作用,试验以紫锥菊为材料,采用水提醇沉方法制得紫锥菊粗多糖(EPPS),脱蛋白后使用DEAE-纤维素、葡聚糖凝胶G-100色谱柱对紫锥菊多糖进行分级纯化。将得到的紫锥菊纯化多糖给小鼠灌胃,最后用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀,观察紫锥菊纯化多糖对炎症的抑制效果。结果表明:以纯化水及0.1,0.3 mol/L NaCl为洗脱液,EPPS经DEAE-纤维素色谱柱及葡聚糖凝胶G-100色谱柱进一步纯化得到3种紫锥菊纯化多糖溶液EPPS-1、EPPS-2、EPPS-3。三种紫锥菊纯化多糖能降低二甲苯诱导的小鼠耳肿胀程度,对小鼠的炎症表现出明显的抑制作用,且与地塞米松比,紫锥菊纯化多糖对小鼠免疫系统无明显的损害。说明三种紫锥菊纯化多糖对炎症具有抑制作用。     

鸡生长激素的原核表达、纯化及活性研究

鸡生长激素(cGH)是由脑垂体前叶合成并分泌的一种重要的多肽类激素,对于鸡的生长发育具有至关重要的调控作用。为实现cGH的原核表达,将其序列插入原核表达载体pET-30a(+)中,构建重组表达质粒pET-30a-cGH,并转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),挑选阳性菌落液体培养IPTG诱导表达。SDS-PAGE检测显示,诱导产物在25 ku处含有与预期大小一致的蛋白条带;通过镍柱纯化,得到了较高纯度的cGH重组蛋白;用纯化得到的cGH重组蛋白处理鸡肝癌LMH细胞,检测其IGF-Ⅰ基因mRNA水平上调,证明所得到cGH蛋白具有生物学活性。研究结果为进一步研究cGH的结构、功能和生产应用奠定了基础。     

鸡α干扰素的原核表达及纯化

根据大肠杆菌密码子的偏好性对Gen Bank中发表的鸡α干扰素基因序列进行了密码子优化,全基因合成了鸡α干扰素基因片段486 bp。构建原核表达质粒p ET-23b-Ch IFN-α。将重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),用IPTG进行诱导表达,表达产物主要以包涵体形式存在,包涵体进行变性、复性和镍柱亲和纯化。表达产物经SDS-PAGE、WesternBlot分析表明,Ch IFN-α蛋白得到了高效表达,其蛋白分子质量约19 k D,经镍柱亲和纯化后获得了高纯度的重组鸡α干扰素蛋白,其含量为0.82 mg/m L。本研究为鸡α干扰素的生物学活性分析和临床产品研发奠定了基础。     

家蚕丝素重链C末端序列分析、克隆及表达纯化

蚕丝主要由丝素和丝胶蛋白组成,其中丝素包括丝素重链,丝素轻链和P25蛋白。丝素重链蛋白分子量大,体外表达困难,难以分离纯化,很难对其结构进行研究。本文通过对丝素重链基因的分析,以家蚕5龄3d后部丝腺cDNA为模板,克隆获得了丝素重链C末端碱基序列,并将其构建到pET-50b(+)表达载体上,转入到大肠杆菌中进行表达,通过镍柱亲和层析纯化获得了丝素重链C末端的融合蛋白,为进一步研究蚕丝蛋白的折叠和组装奠定了研究基础。     

Monoclonal antibodies against ovine IgA purified from lung lavage fluid

Ovine secretory IgA (sIgA) has been purified to relative homogeneity by ammonium sulphate precipitation (to 40 per cent w/v) of lung lavage fluid from 3- or 12-month-old lambs, followed by molecular sieve chromatography on a Sephacryl S300 matrix. Three peaks A, B and C with molecular sizes corresponding to 550,000, 400,000 and 165,000 respectively were eluted from the column. Immunoelectrophoresis, radial immunodiffusion and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) with class specific antiserum confirmed that peak B contained only IgA. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of peak B under reducing conditions resolved three subunits corresponding to secretory component, heavy and light chains. Hybridomas generated by fusing spleen cells from IgA-primed Balb/C mice with murine myeloma (Sp2/0) were screened for IgA-specific monoclonal antibodies against a panel of ovine IgG2, IgG1, IgA and IgM. One particular clone, F3-4B4, identified as murine IgG1, was monospecific against ovine IgA with no cross reactivity against bovine immunoglobulins. This hybridoma was successfully tested as a serological probe by ELISA profiling to locate IgA containing fractions in the course of immunoglobulin purification from biological fluids.     

Synthesis of immunoglobulin by normal and antigenically stimulated fetal sheep.

The rate of appearance, quantity and immunochemical character of serum immunoglobulins which appear normally during the development of fetal sheep and following the injection of antigens at different stages of gestation have been studied. After 70 days' gestation a percentage of normal fetal sheep synthesise IgM. Although the concentration of IgM in the circulation of these animals was very low, the precentage with IgM increased with fetal age. A few late term fetuses were detected which also had IgG1 in their circulation, although none were detected with IgG2 or IgA. Fetuses injected with antigens before 71 days' gestation only synthesised IgM, while fetuses injected after 79 days' gestation synthesised both IgM and IgG1. Neither IgG2 nor IgA were detected by single-radial immunodiffusion analyses during the first 14 days of primary immune responses to a variety of antigens, although trace amounts of IgG2 were detected late in responses occurring in older fetuses. The immunoglobulins synthesised by antigenically stimulated fetal sheep appeared identical to adult sheep 19S IgM, 7S IgG1 and 7S IgG2 respectively, when analysed by immunoelectrophoresis, isoelectric focusing and G200 Sephadex column chromatography.     

Plasma haptoglobin and immunoglobulins as diagnostic indicators of deoxynivalenol intoxication

This study aimed to discover potential biomarkers for dioxynivalenol (DON) intoxication. B6C3F1 male mice were orally exposed to 0.83, 2.5 and 7.5 mg/kg body weight (bw) DON for 8 days and the differential protein expressions in their blood plasma were determined by SELDI - Time-of-Flight/Mass Spectrometry (TOF/MS) and the immunoglobulins (Igs) G, A, M and E in the serum were investigated. 11.7 kDa protein was significantly highly expressed according to DON administration and this protein was purified by employing a methyl ceramic HyperD F column with using optimization buffer for adsorption and desorption. The purified protein was identified as a haptoglobin precursor by peptide mapping with using LC/Q-TOF/MS and MALDI-TOF/MS and this was confirmed by western blotting and ELISA. IgG and IgM in serum were decreased in a dose-dependent manner and IgA was decreased at 7.5 mg/kg bw DON administration, but the IgE level was not changed. To compare the expressions of haptoglobin and the Igs patterns between aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZEA) and DON intoxications, rats were orally administered with AFB1 1.0, ZEA 240 and DON 7.5 mg/kg bw for 8 days. Haptoglobin was increased only at DON 7.5 mg/kg bw, while it was slightly decreased at ZEA 240 mg/kg bw and it was not detected at all at AFB1 1.0 mg/kg bw. IgG and IgA were decreased by DON, but IgG, IgA, IgM and IgE were all increased by AFB1. No changes were observed by ZEA administration. These results show that plasma haptoglobin could be a diagnostic biomarker for DON intoxication when this is combined with examining the serum Igs.     

Isotype- and subclass-specific responses to infection and reinfection with parainfluenza-3 virus: comparison of the diagnostic potential of ELISAs detecting seroconversion and specific IgM and IgA.

Isotype- and subclass-specific indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were developed to detect parainfluenza-3 virus-specific IgG1, IgG2, IgM, and IgA responses. Sera were treated with protein G-agarose prior to testing for specific IgM and IgA to eliminate the possibility of false-positive results due to IgM-rheumatoid factor and to remove interisotypic competition due to specific IgG. IgM and IgA absorbance values were expressed as a percentage of the absorbance values of positive reference sera included on each plate (S/P%), and respective positive/negative threshold values of 15.0% and 28.0% were determined. The mean interval between experimental infection of 3 calves and initial detection of specific IgG1 and IgG2 responses was 8.0 and 9.3 days respectively, rising rapidly to an initial plateau 13.7 and 11.0 days postinfection (dpi). Reinfection of these calves at 30 dpi resulted in further rapid increases, with higher plateau values reached 13.0 (IgG1) and 13.7 (IgG2) days later. The mean interval between infection and the first positive IgM and IgA responses was 6.7 and 12.3 days, respectively. IgM S/P% values peaked at 13.0 dpi, with all 3 calves showing a secondary anamnestic response to reinfection, peaking 4.7 days later. The IgA response to initial infection was weak, with only 2 calves showing an obvious peak response at 15.0 dpi. A strong anamnestic IgA response to reinfection occurred in 2 calves, with a peak response 9.5 days later. Apparent biphasic and triphasic IgM and IgA responses were evident in some calves. Acute and convalescent serum samples from 80 calves involved in 17 outbreaks of respiratory disease were tested for specific IgM and IgA. Positive IgM results were detected in 15 outbreaks, with 71 sera from 44 calves testing positive. Although IgA-positive results were detected in the same 15 outbreaks, only 42 sera from 31 calves were positive. In a previous study, seroconversion was detected in 21 of these calves from 10 outbreaks. Thus the diagnostic potential of the assays was in the order IgM > IgA > seroconversion. The correlations between IgM and IgA, IgM and seroconversion, and IgA and seroconversion results for each calf were 73.8%, 58.8% and 62.5%, respectively.     

Effects of astaxanthin‐enriched yeast on mucosal IgA induction in the jejunum and ileum of weanling mice

The present study was conducted to clarify the effects of astaxanthin‐enriched yeast on the concentration of immunoglobulin A (IgA), the numbers of IgA antibody‐secreting cells (ASC) and the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of IgA C‐region in the jejunum and ileum of weanling mice. Weanling mice were fed rodent feed or astaxanthin‐enriched yeast‐supplemented rodent feed for 7, 14 or 21 days. Supplemental astaxanthin‐enriched yeast increased the numbers of IgA ASC in the jejunum and ileum after 7, 14 and 21 days of treatment. Supplemental astaxanthin‐enriched yeast increased IgA concentrations in the jejunum after 21 days of treatment, but IgA concentrations in the ileum were not affected by the treatment. The mRNA expressions of IgA C‐region in the jejunum after 14 and 21 days of treatment and the ileum after 14 days of treatment were enhanced by supplementation of astaxanthin‐enriched yeast. These results indicate that supplementation of astaxanthin‐enriched yeast is effective to enhance the numbers of IgA ASC in the jejunum and ileum and IgA concentrations in the ileum of weanling mice.     

Commensal bacteria coated by secretory immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin G in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs and calves

A large amount of secretory immunoglobulin A (S‐IgA) is secreted in the alimentary tract of mammals. It has been reported that S‐IgA coats a portion of commensal intestinal bacteria in human and mouse. However, S‐IgA‐coated bacteria have not been studied in pigs and calves. In this study, we evaluated the distribution of S‐IgA‐coated commensal intestinal bacteria in each portion of the gastrointestinal tracts of pigs and calves. Immunoglobulin G (IgG)‐coated bacteria were also analyzed because a considerable amount of IgG is secreted in the gastrointestinal tracts of pigs, and in particular, calves. S‐IgA‐ or IgG‐coated bacteria were detected in all the segments of the gastrointestinal tracts of pigs and calves. The proportion of S‐IgA‐coated bacteria to total bacteria (i.e. S‐IgA coating ratio) varied in the segments of the gastrointestinal tract in pigs, whereas those of calves were nearly the same throughout the gastrointestinal tract. The S‐IgA and IgG coating ratios were higher in pigs than in calves for all segments of the gastrointestinal tract.     

Influence of parental serum immunoglobulins on morbidity and mortality of beagles and their offspring

Serum IgA, IgG, and IgM concentrations were determined for Beagle sires and dams of 717 matings to assess the relationship of parental immunoglobulins with the morbidity and mortality of their pups. A significant relationship was not found between parental immunoglobulins and pup mortality. Pups born to dams with low serum IgA (P less than 0.001) and IgM (P less than 0.02) concentrations, however, were found to have an increased incidence of sneezing, coughing, nasal discharge, and conjunctivitis. Thirty-eight percent of pups born to dams with IgA less than or equal to 40 mg/dl developed these same conditions during the first 18 weeks of life, compared with 32% of pups of dams with IgA of 41 to 65 mg/dl and 27% of pups of dams with IgA greater than 65 mg/dl. Similarly, 41% of pups born to dams with low IgM (less than or equal to 135 mg/dl) developed abnormal respiratory tract signs, compared with 34% and 30% of pups born to dams with medium (136 to 175 mg/dl) and high (greater than 175 mg/dl) IgM, respectively. Serum IgA concentrations of the sires were also associated with abnormal respiratory tract signs in pups, but this influence was evident only at 10 to 18 weeks of age. To determine biologic variability of serum IgA, 60 Beagle dams were selected from 3 serum IgA categories, low (10 to 21 mg/dl), medium (60 to 80 mg/dl), and high (125 to 210 mg/dl). A second serum IgA was determined from a sample taken 2 years later.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

寡果糖对人源菌群仔猪肠道中IgA和IgG分泌细胞的影响

本文主要研究寡果糖对人源菌群仔猪肠道中IgA和IgG分泌细胞的影响。通过无菌剖腹产获取15头无特定病原菌(specific pathogen free,SPF)仔猪,随机分为三组。第一组为SPF组,经口灌服磷酸钠缓冲液(内含10%甘油)以示对照;第二组为人源菌群(human flora-associated,HFA)组,经口服途径接种人源菌群;第三组为寡果糖(fructo-oligosaccharides,FOS)组,口服途径接种人源菌群且灌喂寡果糖。仔猪饲养于屏障系统内,无菌条件下人工哺育45天。应用免疫组织化学方法进行研究。结果表明:(1)所有仔猪小肠和结肠的固有层中均分布有IgA和IgG分泌细胞。(2)IgA和IgG分泌细胞在十二指肠中分布最多,随着肠段的向后推移IgA和IgG分泌细胞数量有逐渐下降趋势。(3)HFA组和FOS组IgA分泌细胞数量在回肠显著高于SPF组(P<0.01);十二指肠中HFA组IgG分泌细胞数量显著高于SPF组(P<0.01)。(4)FOS组IgA分泌细胞数量在空肠显著高于HFA组外(P<0.05),其他肠段总体上低于HFA组,但差异不显著。本结果提示给新生仔猪接种人源菌群能促进仔猪肠道中IgA和IgG分泌细胞的发育,而寡果糖使肠道IgA和IgG分泌细胞数量呈现下降的趋势。     

Quality control criteria for quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of porcine immunoglobulins A and M

Using radioimmunoassay methods, quality control criteria were applied to monoclonal antibodies produced to measure porcine immunoglobulins by quantitative ELISA. Porcine IgM and IgA were purified to homogeneity and were used to produce murine hybridomas that secreted antibodies against IgM, IgA, and immunoglobulin light chains. A competitive ELISA was developed to measure IgM, and a sandwich ELISA was used to quantify IgA in serum and colostrum. Both ELISA were tested for specificity, accuracy, sensitivity, and precision. Monoclonal antibodies were specific for porcine IgM or IgA in serum and colostrum, and competitive and sandwich ELISA fulfilled all validation criteria.     

Normal profile of immunoglobulins in sera and tracheal washings of chickens

Concentration and distribution of the three immunoglobulins in the sera and tracheal washings of a chicken population was studied. The mean IgM, IgG and IgA concentrations in serum were 1.35, 5.09 and 0.31 mg/ml, respectively. The distribution of IgM and IgG in birds irrespective of age was almost normal whereas that of IgA was skewed. All the three immunoglobulins were present in tracheal washings but the level of IgM was barely detectable. The IgG was predominant in the tracheal washings but higher IgA : IgG ratio compared to that of serum indicated local IgA production in the chicken respiratory tract.