外施2,4-表油菜素内酯缓解冬小麦拔节期冻害胁迫效应

为探讨外源油菜素内酯对冻害胁迫条件下拔节期小麦生理特性、转录水平及生长的影响,选用半冬性小麦品种百农207为材料,采用0.1 mg/L的2,4-表油菜素内酯(EBR)浇施拔节期小麦,研究冻害胁迫下小麦叶绿素含量(SPAD值)、丙二醛(MDA)含量、相对电导率、游离脯氨酸(Pro)含量、抗逆相关基因表达量、幼穗受冻率、籽粒产量、千粒质量及干物质质量的变化。结果表明,冻害胁迫前,对照组与处理组的SPAD值、MDA含量和相对电导率无显著差异,而Pro含量处理组显著低于对照组;在冻害胁迫后,与对照相比,外施EBR显著降低了小麦叶片的MDA含量和相对电导率,提高了SPAD值和Pro含量。冻害胁迫48 h,处理组小麦植株叶片抗逆相关基因SOD、POD、CAT、P5CS和WCS120的相对表达量均显著高于对照;冻害胁迫后,与对照组相比,处理组植株幼穗受冻率显著降低,比对照降低了20.93百分点,而籽粒产量、千粒质量和干物质质量显著增加,分别增加了19.38,2.37,54.40 g。综上,小麦拔节期外施EBR可以通过降低叶片MDA含量,提高Pro含量、叶绿素含量以及抗逆相关基因SOD、POD、CAT...     

高温胁迫对观赏凤梨叶片抗氧化系统和渗透调节物质积累的影响

采用盆栽试验,研究了40℃高温胁迫处理对观赏凤梨叶片抗氧化系统及渗透调节物质积累的影响。结果表明,与25℃对照相比,高温胁迫8 h内,观赏凤梨叶片超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性显著升高,脯氨酸（Pro）和热激蛋白（HSP）含量显著增加,同时叶片超氧阴离子（O2-?）产生速率、过氧化氢（H2O2）和丙二醛（MDA）含量、电解质外渗率、叶绿素含量与对照相比均无显著变化,植株生长也无明显伤害,表明SOD、POD、CAT活性的提高以及HSP、Pro含量的增加有利于缓解短期高温胁迫对观赏凤梨的氧化伤害。之后随胁迫时间的延长,叶片SOD、POD、CAT活性逐渐下降至对照以下,HSP和Pro含量降低,同时叶片O2-?产生速率加快,H2O2和MDA含量升高,电解质外渗率增加,可溶性蛋白含量降低,游离氨基酸含量增加,叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量下降,气孔逐渐关闭,观赏凤梨植株幼叶、成熟叶受伤害症状逐渐加重。     

高压静电场处理种子对小麦幼苗抗寒性的影响

电场处理强度为EN =0.5×N(kV/cm),N=0,1,2,…,12,对照组为Eo(电场未处理),处理时间T=10 min和T=5 min处理小麦干种子.处理组幼苗在4℃的条件下进行低温胁迫处理,研究小麦幼苗各项抗寒性指标:相对电导率、可溶性蛋白含量、脯氨酸含量、丙二醛含量和3种保护酶(POD、SOD、CAT)活性的变化情况.结果表明,电场预处理小麦种子不但明显提高了幼苗叶片的脯氨酸含量,而且提高幼苗的抗低温胁迫能力.处理组幼苗在4℃的低温胁迫条件下与对照组相比具有较高的过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性及可溶性蛋白质含量.同时电场处理还降低了幼苗叶片的相对电导率及MDA含量,且小麦幼苗各个抗寒性指标变化的最大幅值均出现在处理条件4.5 kV/cm,10 min,由此得出高压静电场处理种子提高小麦幼苗的抗寒性的最佳处理条件.     

不同光周期对黄瓜幼苗抗冷性的影响

为了探讨光周期对低温胁迫下黄瓜幼苗膜脂过氧化水平和抗氧化酶活性等生理指标的影响。以25℃和10℃ 2种温度处理黑夜补光0,3,6,9,12 h的黄瓜幼苗,研究不同光周期对黄瓜幼苗生理指标的影响。结果表明,2种温度处理条件下,黄瓜幼苗叶片中叶绿体色素含量、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量、CAT和POD活性都是随补光时间的延长而升高,而电解质相对渗漏率和MDA含量随补光时间的延长而下降。与25℃相比较,低温（10℃）处理降低黄瓜幼苗叶绿体色素含量,提高电解质相对渗漏率,MDA、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量,CAT和POD活性;其中,光周期越长,黄瓜幼苗叶片叶绿体色素含量,电解质相对渗漏率和MDA含量的变化幅度越小,可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量,CAT和POD活性的变化幅度越大。延长光照时间可通过促进低温胁迫下黄瓜幼苗叶片可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖的大量积累和抗氧化酶活性的提高,来降低膜脂过氧化水平,从而增强黄瓜幼苗的抗冷性。     

外源钙离子对低温胁迫下扁穗牛鞭草叶片保护酶活性的影响

为提高扁穗牛鞭草在中高海拔地区的越冬率,采用不同浓度Ca Cl2溶液对2个扁穗牛鞭草材料处理后进行低温胁迫处理,研究外源Ca2+对各材料叶片保护酶活性的影响。结果表明,扁穗牛鞭草在低温胁迫下,SOD活性变化规律是先升高后下降,然后再升高,但处理1-4的SOD活性是一直下降,处理2-2和2-4是先升高再下降,处理2-3是先下降再升高;POD活性是先升高,后下降,再升高,低温处理72 h后,2种材料中处理1-3、2-3的叶片POD活性最高,分别为652.65、708.10 U/g;CAT活性的变化都是急剧下降,低温胁迫72 h后,处理1-3及2-2的叶片CAT活性最高,分别为21.68、17.28 U/g。适宜浓度的Ca2+(10 mmol/L)能显著提高低温胁迫过程中扁穗牛鞭草的SOD、POD、CAT活性,对低温胁迫下扁穗牛鞭草的膜结构具有保护作用,可提高其抗寒性。     

干旱和盐胁迫对花生渗透调节和抗氧化酶活性的影响

为明确干旱和盐胁迫对花生生长发育及衰老特性的影响,以花生品种花育25为试验材料,采用盆栽试验探究了开花期干旱和盐胁迫对花生叶片中渗透调节物质含量及抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明,干旱处理(D)、盐胁迫处理(S)和旱盐共同胁迫处理(DS)均增加了叶片中可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖、游离氨基酸、脯氨酸、O_2~(-·)、MDA的含量。S处理和DS处理降低了叶片中SOD、POD、CAT活性,且随着胁迫时间的延长而持续降低;而D处理使叶片中SOD、CAT活性有所提高。复水10 d后,D处理叶片中的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸、游离氨基酸、O_2~(-·)、MDA的含量较复水前下降,除可溶性蛋白外,D处理叶片SOD、POD活性和上述指标与CK差异不显著,但DS处理叶片中的SOD、POD、CAT活性、O_2~(-·)、MDA含量与S处理均差异显著。收获期,D处理单株产量和出仁率与CK差异不显著,但DS处理的单株产量和出仁率与S处理差异显著。分析DAT9的数据得出:干旱和盐胁迫对叶片可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、游离氨基酸和脯氨酸含量无显著的交互作用,但对SOD、POD、CAT活性和O_2~(-·)、MDA含量存在显著的交互作用,旱盐互作抑制了SOD、POD、CAT活性,加剧了对植物细胞膜的过氧化作用,MDA含量增加,最终降低了花生产量和出仁率。因此,盐胁迫下种植花生应及时补水,避免开花期干旱,减少盐胁迫、干旱胁迫和旱盐互作对花生的危害。     

豌豆灌浆期叶片抗氧化系统对土壤水分变化的响应

为探求豌豆灌浆期叶片抗氧化系统对土壤水分变化的响应情况,采取盆栽土培人工控水试验方法,模拟了干旱胁迫及复水条件,测定了不同程度、不同历时的干旱胁迫和复水对豌豆灌浆期叶片保护酶-超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性和细胞内溶物-可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量以及过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)含量、脂膜相对透性(RC)的影响,并对叶片抗氧化能力进行了综合评价。结果表明:干旱胁迫导致豌豆灌浆期叶片SOD活性和可溶性蛋白含量降低,POD、CAT活性和脯氨酸、可溶性糖、MDA含量以及膜脂相对透性(RC)增加,且随干旱胁迫程度加重和胁迫历时延长降(增)幅加大;复水可对干旱胁迫所引起的叶片保护酶、细胞内溶物以及过氧化产物、膜脂相对透性的变化产生部分补偿效应或等量补偿效应,且随复水时间的延长补偿作用增强;干旱胁迫增强了豌豆叶片的综合抗氧化能力,历时5 d的干旱胁迫处理复水后能够继续保持此趋势,但历时10 d的干旱胁迫处理复水达到10 d时抗氧化能力呈现降低趋势。因此,在豌豆灌浆期实行适度的"干湿交替"灌溉措施,有利于叶片保持较强的抗氧化能力,防止植株早衰,获得较高的经济产量。     

基于主成分-聚类分析的不同水分冬小麦晚霜冻害评价

探讨不同水分条件下拔节期低温对小麦生理代谢的影响,构建综合生理指数精确评价冻害程度,对农业减损增效和宏观管理具有重要意义。以弱春性的偃展4110和兰考198以及半冬性的郑麦366和丰德存21为材料,在低温处理前1周进行灌水和不灌水处理,于雌雄蕊分化期将盆栽小麦移至低温模拟室进行低温处理,分别为正常(CK)、–2℃(T1)、–4℃(T2)、–6℃(T3)、–8℃(T4)和–10℃(T5)。在处理结束后第2天测定小麦生理指标和荧光参数,在成熟期收获小麦产量。结果表明,不同品种、水分和低温胁迫及其互作对小麦拔节期生理指标及荧光参数均具有显著影响。随着低温胁迫加重,叶片含水量、叶绿素a含量及荧光参数qp、Fv/Fm和Fv/Fo呈持续下降趋势,而可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量及SOD活性表现先升后降特征,但MDA含量则相反。灌水处理在一定程度上缓解了低温胁迫对植株生理代谢的影响,低温对半冬性品种的影响相对较小。利用主成分分析将测定参数转化成4个独立的综合指标,且反映了88.55%的原始信息,并构建出冻害生理综合指数(FIPCI)。聚类分析热图显示的颜色越深,生理指标响应程度越大。依据生理指标聚...     

低温胁迫下袖珍椰子幼苗的某些生理学变化

摘要:在2℃低温胁迫下, 袖珍椰子(Chamaedorea elegans H. Wendl.)幼苗叶片的MDA含量逐渐增加,膜脂过氧化作用逐渐增强。电解质渗出率在3d后增至92.35%, 细胞膜受到不可逆伤害。细胞保护酶SOD、POD和CAT酶活性呈现初期增高,随后下降的趋势,其中CAT酶活性降幅最大。叶片净光合速率随低温胁迫时间延长也呈现下降,5d后,净光合速率为-1.89 μmol CO2 ?cm-2?s-1;蒸腾速率在低温处理4d内变化不大,5d时表现为显著下降。     

亚低温对茄子幼苗叶片渗透调节物质含量及活性氧清除物质的影响

采用耐冷性不同的3个茄子品系,研究不同亚低温((18±1)℃/(12±1)℃)持续时间及恢复期对茄子苗期叶片渗透调节物质(可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸)与活性氧清除物质(谷胱甘肽GSH、超氧化物歧化酶SOD、过氧化物酶POD)的影响。结果表明:亚低温处理过程中,茄子苗期叶片的可溶性糖、脯氨酸、谷胱甘肽以及SOD、POD活性均呈先升后降的趋势;可溶性蛋白含量在亚低温处理初期大幅下降,后期变化幅度趋于平缓;POD同工酶在亚低温处理初期Rf=0.114 8时的酶活性明显增强,处理6 d时耐低温茄子品系0814出现一条Rf=0.196 7新酶带。适温恢复后,脯氨酸、谷胱甘肽含量以及SOD、POD活性均呈不同幅度的上升趋势,超过或接近亚低温处理前水平,可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白的含量恢复幅度较小,3个茄子品系的迁移率Rf=0.196 7的POD同工酶带活性均有不同程度的增强。     

低温对不同土壤湿度下小麦植株性状和产量影响研究

为研究小麦在不同土壤湿度下经受低温冻害后植株性状和产量变化规律,以‘周麦22’为研究对象,研究了拔节期小麦在-6℃（植株体温度）低温环境下维持4 h,土壤重量含水量为26%、18%、10%时,小麦后期植株性状和产量的变化。研究结果显示：随着土壤重量含水量的增加,低温冻害对小麦株高、最低茎高、穗下节长、倒二节长和生物产量的影响逐渐降低,土壤重量含水量接近10%时,小麦植株性状则显著降低。随着土壤重量含水量的增加,低温冻害对小麦产量的影响逐渐减轻,土壤重量含水量接近18%时,小麦产量则显著降低,且低温对不同土壤重量含水量环境下小麦穗粒数影响大,对穗数和千粒重影响较小。低温处理后不同土壤湿度处理之间,处理W（土壤含水量26%）、处理M（土壤含水量18%）、处理D（土壤含水量10%）和CK潜蘖穗数差异显著(P<0.05),处理W、CK和处理M、处理D之间大穗产量存在显著差异(P<0.05),其余处理之间均差异不显著。该试验为预防和降低小麦低温灾害及小麦生产提供技术帮助。     

Freezing Resistance and Development of Faba Beans as Affected by Ambient Temperature, Soil Moisture and Variety

Effects of temperature and soil moisture on the development of some plant and leaf traits and of freezing resistance were examined in 5 (6) European varieties of winter faba beans. After pre-growth at 15 °C for 1 week, temperature was kept either at this level or lowered to 8:2 °C (day might). Soil moisture was maintained at 70-90 % of or above field capacity, or was allowed to approach wilting point. At 15 °C, specific dry matter content (D.M. per unit area) and water/D.M. ratio were the only traits in the lower expanded leaves (1-3) that changed markedly with time. Several plant and leaf traits were affected by soil moisture and displayed varietal differences. However, freezing resistance remained unchanged with time and was hardly affected by soil moisture and varieties (Δ R < 0.2 °C). Interestingly freezing resistance and leaf traits were differently expressed in leaves 1-3 of plants and thus contributed to some low correlations between these items. Likewise at 8:2 °C, only low correlations between leaf traits and freezing resistance were established. They were mainly due to developmental effects and soil moisture, since (i) specific water and D. M. content increased in parallel with freezing resistance (rate - 0.45 °C/day), (ii) leaf traits and freezing resistance were differently expressed in leaves 1 and 2 (i.e. -12.5 and -13.5 °C) and (iii) low as well as high soil moisture raised freezing resistance (-0.7°C) and specific D.M. content, but lowered water/D.M. ratio. With the exception of the old French land race Cote ?Or, varietal differences in freezing resistance at 8:2 °C were small (<0.5 °C). Neither in the first nor in the second leaf varietal rank pattern of freezing resistance was consistent with that of other traits and hence no genotypic correlations could be established. On the basis of these data, the usefulness of leaf traits in breeding as indirect criteria for freezing resistance appeared doubtful.     

Heat Shock Protein in Developing Grains in Relation to Thermotolerance for Grain Growth in Wheat

Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) cvs DL 153-2 and HD 2285 (relatively tolerant), HD 2329 and WH 542 (relatively susceptible), were grown under normal (27 November) and late (28 December) sown conditions. In another experiment, these cultivars were grown under normal sowing and at anthesis stage, they were transferred to control (C) and heated (H) open top chambers (OTCs). Under late sowing, wheat cultivars were exposed to a mean maximum temperature of up to 3.6 °C higher than normal sowing and in H-OTCs, mean maximum temperature was 3.2 °C higher than C-OTCs during grain growth period. Heat susceptibility index (S) for grain growth and grain yield was determined at maturity in both the experiments. The level of heat shock protein (HSP 18) in the developing grains was determined in C- and H-OTC grown plants and in normal and late sown plants by Western blot analysis. The moderately high temperature exposure increased the accumulation of HSP 18 in the developing grains. The relatively tolerant cultivars, as also revealed from S , showed a greater increase in HSP 18 compared with susceptible types in response to moderate heat stress. An association of HSP 18 with thermotolerance for grain growth in wheat was indicated.     

Effect of Soil Temperature on the Carbohydrate Status in the Potato Plant (S. tuberosum L.)

Seed tubers of the variety Ostara were raised in growth chambers of 16°C air temperature continuously. The vessels were placed in a water bath of automatic temperature regulation so that soil temperatures of 16°C and 28°C could be maintained. Four weeks after emergence the plants were treated with ¹⁴CO₂ and 24 hours later the plants were harvested. Three more treatments and time harvests followed in two weeks intervals. C-14 activity was determined in soluble carbohydrates, in insoluble carbohydrates, and in non extractable residues respectively of the various plant parts in order to obtain information about the translocation of assimilates in the plant.
While the plants at 28°C soil temperature reduced the soluble sugar levels to 50% up to 70 days after emergence, the plants at 16° brought it down to 33% much faster. — The C-14 activity in insoluble carbohydrates amounted to only 50 % in the plants at 28°C while at 16°C it was more than 2/3 (Tables 1 and 2). — The C-14 activity in non extractable residues is much less at 28°C than at 16°C (Tables 3 and 4). — The starch weight reaches only 30% of the value obtained at lower temperature 70 days after emergence (Table 5). — At the higher temperature starch is also increasingly transferred to the tubers but to a much lesser extent and not from the stems and stolons (Table 6).
Possible causes, particularly the role of phytohormones, and consequences are discussed.     

Evaluation of Maize Germplasm for Tolerance to Low Temperature Stress under Field and Laboratory Conditions

Sixty-four inbred lines of maize ( Zea mays L.) were evaluated for their tolerance to low temperature stress in three experiments at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. All the 64 inbred lines were evaluated under laboratory conditions. Forty-four of these were also studied under field conditions. In the laboratory test the materials were exposed for four hours to 1, 0, −1, −2, −3 and −3.5°C on six successive nights. Significant genotypic differences were observed for freezing injury in laboratory test and for frost and non-freezing (yellowing) injuries in field evaluation. Expression of frost injury under field condition and freezing injury in laboratory test at −2, −3 and −3.5 °C showed positive correlation in one experiment. The range and mean square for freezing injury of inbred lines were the largest either at −3 or at −3.5°C. The correlation of yellowing with frost injury in field and freezing injury in laboratory at −3 and 3.5°C was not significant suggesting the lack of association between yellowing and frost/freezing injury.     

A selection tool for freezing tolerance in common wheat using the fast chlorophyll a fluorescence transient

The analysis of fast chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics in dark-adapted leaves (JIP-test) is proposed as a rapid method for evaluating freezing tolerance in wheat. Wheat leaves were detached from the plants of 40 cultivars grown in an open-field in Smolice, during December and March of winters 2004/2005 and 2005/2006, transferred to laboratory in Krakow and frozen in −15°C. Next, measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence were taken. The correlation coefficients between the JIP-test parameters with freezing tolerance data obtained in multiple field-laboratory studies, varied between 0.58 and 0.70 depending on sampling time and parameter measured. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameter, which can always be used for the screening of freezing tolerance in the method described here, is the performance index (PI), which characterizes the overall energy flow efficiency in photosystem II (PSII). The results indicate, that the technique proposed here can be useful for freezing tolerance screening in plant breeding programmes. However, this method seems to be a more reliable tool in the selection of freezing tolerant germplasm, than for discarding freezing susceptible materials.     

Effect of Cold Hardening on Growth and Essential Oil Content of Mentha piperita L.

Divisions of running rhizomes of peppermint plants were planted in loamy clay soil in the experimental farm of National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt. After 21 days, the plants were exposed to low temperature 4, 7°C for 6, 9 and 12 days in controlled chamber before transplanting to large pots in winter season. Three cuttings were taken from the plants of different treatments during the season after 4, 7 and 10 months from transplanting. Representative samples of 6 replicates from each treatment were taken for the determination of vegetative growth and oil content in the leaves and branches.
The results obtained indicated that the highest fresh and dry weight of leaves and branches was recorded in the second cutting, however, it markedly decreased in the third one. The highest favourable effect of cold hardening on vegetative growth was observed at 4°C for 12 days exposure in the second cutting. The percentage of volatile oil in the leaves recorded the highest values in treatment of 7°C for 6 days in the second sampling date. Cold hardening either at 4°C or 7°C resulted in pronounced increase in the essential oil yield produced by the plant with the superiority of 4°C for 12 days which recorded the highest value.
It can be concluded from the obtained results that hardening peppermint plants with low temperature, particularly 4°C for 12 days before transplanting improved plant growth and considerably increased the volatile oil content in plant leaves and branches.     

Carbon and Nitrogen Transport during Grain Filling in Rice Under High-temperature Conditions

Rice ( Oryza sativa cv. Koshihikari) seedlings were grown in a sandy dune soil in pots with a basal dressing of N (0.5 g N), P and K. Two N treatments were applied, a +N treatment in which a top dressing of ¹⁵N-labeled 0.5 g N was supplied on July 20 and a −N treatment in which no additional fertilizer was supplied. During the grain-filling stage from August 6 to 13, plants were subjected to one of three temperature treatments; controlled low temperature, LT (day/night 28/23 °C), controlled high temperature, HT (35/30 °C) and uncontrolled glasshouse temperature, UT (day/night averages, 38/26 °C). All plants were then exposed to ¹³CO₂ for 1 h on August 11 in a growth chamber at 25 °C. On August 13, all plants were harvested and the ¹³C and ¹⁵N abundances and starch and sugar concentrations in the ears, shoots and roots were determined. The ¹³C content of the ear was lower in UT than in LT irrespective of the +N or −N treatment. The translocation of ¹⁵N to the ears was also slightly depressed in UT compared with LT. Under high-temperature conditions (HT and UT), the starch content per plant was reduced for −N, but for +N, it was not significantly different among the temperature treatments. A high accumulation of sucrose was observed in all plant parts under UT conditions. It is suggested that extreme high day temperatures during the grain-filling period may reduce starch synthesis in the grains and, especially so under N-deficient conditions. High temperatures also induce an accumulation of sucrose and a decrease in carbon and nitrogen transport from the shoots to the ears via the phloem.     

Effect of Storage Conditions on Germination in Wheat

The percentage germination was determined for storage of wheat at four grain moisture contents (15, 18, 21 and 24 %), four temperature levels (4, 15, 25 and 40°C) and three levels of mechanical damage (0, 15 and 30 %). The effect of each level of moisture was investigated using three replicates for each temperature and each level of mechanical damage. During storage, at 0.25, 0.5 and 1 % dry matter loss (DML), germination tests were carried out on samples taken from each of the above treatments. The percentage germination was compared statistically amongst treatments. The analysis showed significant differences among most of the treatments. The percentage germination decreased very slowly at a low moisture level (15 %), low temperature (4°C) and low level of damage (0 %), while it decreased rapidly at a high moisture level (24 %), high temperature (40°C) and high level of damage (30 %). For example, the percentage germination was 41 % when the wheat was stored at 4°C, 15 % mechanical damage and 24 % moisture content after a storage time of 36.5 days, while the percentage germination was 88.3 % when the wheat was stored at 4°C, 15 % mechanical damage and 15 % moisture content after a storage time of 104 days.     

多胺对玉米种子吸胀期间耐冷性和种子发芽能力的影响

以玉米耐寒自交系黄C和低温敏感自交系Mo17为材料, 研究了亚精胺(Spd)和精胺(Spm)引发对玉米种子吸胀中的耐冷性和种子发芽能力的影响。种子经0.25 mmol L^-1的Spd和Spm引发72 h后, 在5℃下低温吸胀不同时间(12、24、36和48 h)。结果表明, Spd和Spm引发提高了胁迫期间两自交系胚内过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性, 以及可溶性蛋白质和脯氨酸(Pro)含量, 降低了胚渗出液的核苷酸含量, 同时显著提高发芽率, 并显著缩短平均发芽时间。低温吸胀48 h后, 与对照相比, Spd和Spm处理分别提高两自交系种子的平均发芽率18.5%和14.0%, 分别缩短平均发芽时间1.21 d和1.14 d。黄C在种子吸胀期间的耐冷性强于Mo17。总之, Spd和Spm处理能提高玉米种子吸胀期间的耐冷性, 提高低温胁迫下种子发芽能力。