鸡多病因呼吸道病综合防制措施

每到冬春季节,气温变化无常,昼夜温差大,寒冷干燥的天气,不良的鸡舍条件,导致鸡的呼吸道疾病增多,其中多病因呼吸道病更是困扰大多数鸡场的主要疾病问题,鸡多病因呼吸道病又称鸡呼吸道疾病综合征,是指集约化规模生产条件下,包括病毒、细菌、支原体以及免疫抑制性病原和不利的环境条件等多种病因并发引起的呼吸道感染。这种混合感染比单一病原感染更为多见。该症候群对养鸡业的危害主要是引起生长发育迟滞、生产性能下降、发病鸡的死亡增加以及疫苗、药物和人工费用增加等带来的直接和间接经济损失,     

鸡多病因呼吸道病的流行动态及防控

鸡多病因呼吸道病又称呼吸道疾病综合征,是指商品化生产条件下,包括病毒、细菌、支原体以及免疫抑制性病原和不利的环境条件等多种病因并发引起的呼吸道感染,这种混合感染比单一病原感染更为多见。此外,常规免疫接种引起的呼吸道反应在多病因呼吸道病的发生中也可起重要作用。     

鸡多病因呼吸道病的预防与治疗方案

鸡多病因呼吸道病又称鸡呼吸道疾病综合征,是指家禽在商品化生产条件下,包括病毒、细菌、支原体以及免疫抑制性病原和不利的环境条件等多种病因并发引起的呼吸道感染,这种混合感染比单一病原感染更为常见。此外,常规免疫接种时引起的呼吸道反应在本病的发生中也可起重要作用。     

鸡多病因呼吸道病的预防与治疗方案

鸡多病因呼吸道病又称鸡呼吸道疾病综合征,是指家禽在商品化生产条件下,包括病毒、细菌、支原体以及免疫抑制性病原和不利的环境条件等多种病因并发引起的呼吸道感染,这种混合感染比单一病原感染更为常见。此外,常规免疫接种时引起的呼吸道反应在本病的发生中也可起重要作用。     

鸡多病因呼吸道病的流行动态及防控

鸡多病因呼吸道病又称呼吸道疾病综合征,是指商品化生产条件下,包括病毒、细菌、支原体以及免疫抑制性病原和不利的环境条件等多种病因并发引起的呼吸道感染,这种混合感染比单一病原感染更为多见。此外,常规免疫接种引起的呼吸道反应在多病因呼吸道病的发生中也可起重要作用。     

专家深度剖析鸡多病因呼吸道疾病

<正>概述多病因呼吸道病,又称呼吸道疾病综合征,是指商品化生产条件下,包括病毒、细菌、支原体以及免疫抑制性病原和不利的环境因素等多种病因并发引起的呼吸道感染,其本质是呼吸系统炎症。这种病比单一感染更多见,而且诊断难度加大。常规免疫接种引起的呼吸道反应在多病因呼吸道的发生中也可起重要作用。     

鸡多病因呼吸道病的诊断与防治

多病因呼吸道病是指在生产条件下,由细菌、病毒、支原体、免疫抑制病原体和不利环境因素等多种原因引起并发或混合感染的呼吸道病。这种呼吸道病近几年来多见,诊断难度也加大,在很多鸡群占整个疾病造成损失的一半以上。     

鸡多病因呼吸道病的流行动态

鸡多病因呼吸道病是由多种病原和不利环境条件等并发引起的鸡呼吸道感染,比单一病原感染更为常见,危害更为严重.本文从禽类呼吸道病的发病机理谈起,对多病因呼吸道病的病原、流行病学、影响发病的因素及防控策略进行系统阐述,对全面认识和有效防控该病具有深远意义.     

鸡多病因呼吸道病的诠断与防治

多病因呼吸道病是指在生产条件下,由细菌、病毒、支原体、免疫抑制病原体和不利环境因素等多种原因引起并发或混合感染的呼吸道病。这种呼吸道病近几年来多见,诊断难度也加大,在很多鸡群占整个疾病造成损失的一半以上。     

Nonsuppurative meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown etiology in mink

A central nervous system disease of mink occurred in three unrelated fur farms in Oregon in September, 1981. Only kits four to five months old were affected. Clinical signs consisted of posterior ataxia progressing to complete posterior paralysis with loss of motor control and sensation. Complete or partial recovery occurred in approximately 1.5 months in most mink. Microscopic lesions consisted of severe nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis and meningomyelitis with vacuolation of the white matter of the brain and spinal cord. Canine distemper virus infection and other recognized causes were ruled out on the basis of clinical signs, history, lesions, or laboratory findings. Experimental inoculations of mink with brain and spinal cord specimens from affected mink failed to reproduce the disease.     

The complex etiology of epidemic diseases in calves on large-capacity farms and their clinical and epizootic characteristics

It is not easy to exactly diagnose the etiology of the mass infections of new-born calves on large farms where considerable losses are suffered. On the basis of the complex epizootological, clinical and laboratory examination in four large calf-rearing facilities, rotaviruses, coronaviruses, the infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus and the bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) virus, and in some cases also the enteropathogenic E. coli, were found to be etiologically involved in the mass rise of diarrhoea, complicated by respiratory symptoms already during the first days after birth. The clinical picture of the disease, therapeutically difficult and reminding of "pneumoenteritis", has often been observed in stocks where, in addition to rotaviruses and coronaviruses in the faeces, the IBR or BVD viruses (sometimes both at the same time) were detected and identified in the respiratory and enteral tract. The serological examination of a higher number of animals in the stocks of calves under study confirmed the considerable rate of spreading of all the four viruses in the cattle population and, at the same time, demonstrated the very unfavourable immunological profile of the herds. The high percentage of animals low in antibody titres and the serologically negative animals constitute the infection-sensitive part of population in the affected herds. With the high culling rate and with the open herd turnover it is impossible to reach the required immunity through natural disinfection. Loss-free rearing of healthy calves will be achieved on the basis of a well-oriented vaccination programme with a good combination of inoculants.     

Emerging parasitic diseases of sheep

There have been changes in the emergence and inability to control of a number of sheep parasitic infections over the last decade. This review focuses on the more globally important sheep parasites, whose reported changes in epidemiology, occurrence or failure to control are becoming increasingly evident. One of the main perceived driving forces is climate change, which can have profound effects on parasite epidemiology, especially for those parasitic diseases where weather has a direct effect on the development of free-living stages. The emergence of anthelmintic-resistant strains of parasitic nematodes and the increasing reliance placed on anthelmintics for their control, can exert profound changes on the epidemiology of those nematodes causing parasitic gastroenteritis. As a consequence, the effectiveness of existing control strategies presents a major threat to sheep production in many areas around the world. The incidence of the liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica, is inextricably linked to high rainfall and is particularly prevalent in high rainfall years. Over the last few decades, there have also been increasing reports of other fluke associated diseases, such as dicroceliosis and paramphistomosis, in a number of western European countries, possibly introduced through animal movements, and able to establish with changing climates. External parasite infections, such as myiasis, can cause significant economic loss and presents as a major welfare problem. The range of elevated temperatures predicted by current climate change scenarios, result in an elongated blowfly season with earlier spring emergence and a higher cumulative incidence of fly strike. Additionally, legislative decisions leading to enforced changes in pesticide usage and choices have resulted in increased reports and spread of ectoparasitic infections, particularly mite, lice and tick infestations in sheep. Factors, such as dip disposal and associated environmental concerns, and, perhaps more importantly, product availability have led to a move away from more traditional methods of pesticide application, particularly dipping, to the use of injectable endectocides. This has coincided with increased reports of sheep scab and lice infestations in some countries. Reduction in the use of organophosphate dips appears to have to some extent contributed to reported increased populations of ticks and tick activity, a consequence of which is not only of significance to sheep, but also many other hosts, including increased human zoonotic risks.