东宁赤松嫁接育苗试验

通过以樟子松容器苗为砧木进行东宁赤松嫁接试验,结果表明:在砧木和接穗径长生旺盛期(7月)和径生长末期(8月)2个时期进行东宁赤松嫁接,其成活率都很高,分别达到98.0%和98.7%,且接穗没有伸长生长,可安全越冬。利用嫁接方法繁殖东宁赤松是可行的。     

Sorption of metal ions from aqueous solution to spruce bark

The concentrations and protonation constants of the functional groups like carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups in spruce bark were determined by a potentiometric acid–base titration method. The non-cellulosic carbohydrates in spruce bark were also characterized by acid methanolysis and GC, including determination of the uronic acid units, which are the key units involved in metal sorption. Sorption of metal ions to bark takes place by ion exchange, mainly by complexation to these functional groups. The sorption equilibrium time, studied by using a batch method, was approximately 5 min. The metal sorption capacity of spruce bark and the affinity order of metal ions were studied with four different metal ion mixtures using a column chromatographic method. Because a method of competition was used, concentration of metal ions adsorbed to bark depends on the metal ions present in the mixtures studied. In the sorption experiments with same metal ion mixtures, inner bark of spruce exhibited higher sorption capacity than outer bark. By combination of the results from several experiments, the following affinity order was obtained Fe³⁺ ? Pb²⁺ ? Cu²⁺ ? Cd²⁺ > Zn²⁺ > Ni²⁺ > Ba²⁺ > Ca²⁺ > Sr²⁺ > Mn²⁺ > Mg²⁺ ? K⁺ ~ Na⁺ ~ Li⁺. Bark has a great potential as an effective and inexpensive sorbent for removal of metal ions from, e.g., waste water.     

赤松生长节律与降雨量关系研究

通过对77年生赤松解析木材料的研究,得出赤松生长的拟合经验方程,即以年生长量为变量、以年降水量为自变量的函数,通过对函数的求导等数学运算,求出赤松生长的年降水量相对贡献率为79.6%,并通过对历史年水量数据的重建,得出气候变化呈干湿周期性变化的特征,气候变化周期在70a左右,并科学预见气候的湿润周期即将来临。     

Chemical resistance of Pinus densiflora to Fomes annosus

One compound isolated from the stem wood of Pinus densiflora Sieb. Zucc. is responsible for its resistance to Fomes annosus (Fr.) Cke. From thin layer chromatography and microanalytical evidence, the inhibitory compound is nitrogenous and may be an alkaloid.     

彰武松嫁接技术

通过对樟子松实生苗及其与彰武松的嫁接苗生长对照,研究了樟子松嫁接彰武松的可行性,表明樟子松嫁接彰武松成活率平均为77．3％,嫁接苗在嫁接后1a、2a高度生长分别高于樟子松实生苗36．0％和44．0％,在嫁接后9a,高度和地径生长分别高于樟子松82．0％和47．0％,以樟子松为砧木嫁接彰武松可以在北方推广。     

光照对赤松生长的影响研究

通过对赤松解析木材料的研究,得出赤松生长的拟合经验方程,即以树木生长量为变量,以年日照时数为自变量的函数,通过对函数的求导等数学运算,求出光照对赤松生长的相对贡献率为64.8%,与降水对树木生长的相对贡献率基本持平,因此二者具有同等重要的作用。     

Orientation distributions of cellulose crystallites in Pinus densiflora woods

Summary Pole figures were described for (101), (101), (002) and (040) crystallographic planes of cellulose crystallites in opposite, normal and compression woods of Pinus densiflora. The orientation functions for these planes were plotted on the equilateral triangular coordinate. The orientation factors were calculated from the functions. It was found that the cellulose crystallites in the S₂ layer contributed to the orientation distribution although those in the other layers also contributed to some extent. From the equilateral triangular coordinate plots it was found that the orientation distributions of cellulose crystallites in wood varied in some kind of regular fashion. This was more clearly confirmed by the variations of the orientation factors.The authors are indebted to Dr. Keizo Okamura, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, and Dr. Misato Norimoto, Wood Research Institute, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan, for their valuable discussions and comments on this paper     

章古台沙地赤松天然更新的初步研究

通过2年的野外调查与比较分析,认为在章古台沙地赤松天然更新是可行的。天然更新方式有3种,即林下更新、林隙更新和林缘更新。天然更新幼树在空间上呈带状、群团状分布;更新幼树年龄在时间上是连续的,降水量大的2004、2005、2008年更新幼树相对较多;更新幼树密度为20 300~100 000株.hm-2。赤松林缘天然更新幼树长势要好于林隙,林隙要好于林下。所以,要充分利用各种条件,进行天然更新和人工促进天然更新。     

赤松外生菌根ITS-PCR体系的建立及优化

以CTAB法提取的赤松外生菌根DNA为模板,应用单因子试验及L16（4^5）正交试验,系统的分析了DNA模板、Mg^2＋、dNTPs、引物和Taq酶对ITS-PCR扩增结果的影响,并建立了赤松外生菌根rDNA ITS扩增反应的优化体系,最优反应体系为：20μL体系中,1×PCR buffer 2μL、DNA模板30 ng、Mg^2＋2.0 mmol/L、dNTPs0.2 mmol/L、引物0.2μmol/L、Taq酶0.5 U。     

欧洲赤松引种试验初报

树木引种驯化在林业发展中,始终具有较强的魅力。这是由于一个优良的树种,理性地引入一个地区后,所带来的良性变化决定的。欧洲赤松生长快、抗性强、耐干旱瘠薄、耐高寒。我们从80代即开始了国内外松属植物的引种工作,其中欧洲赤松(pinusdensiflorasieb·etzucc)是较为成功的一例。本文实录了20余年赤松引种驯化情况,以供同行们参考。     

Detectionin situ of endophyte withinTricholoma matsutake/Pinus densiflora mycorrhizal roots

Tricholoma matsutake/Pinus densiflora mycorrhizas andP. densiflora roots were collected from beneath matureT. matsutake fruit-bodies in a Shiro in central Japan and investigated for evidence of endophytic infection.Tricholoma matsutake infection was determined microscopically on cleared, bleached and stained mycorrhizas by the presence of both a thin, discontinuous mantle and highly branched, sparingly septate Hartig net mycelium within the root cortex. Endophytic infection of Matsutake mycorrhizas was characterized by intracortical sclerotia, simple septate mycelium within the cortex and vascular cylinder and intracellular spore masses within the root cortex. This research was supported by a grant from the Bio-oriented Technology Research Advancement Institution (BRAIN).     

Influence of osmotic pressure on somatic embryo maturation in Pinus densiflora

The effect of an osmoticum, polyethylene glycol (PEG), on somatic embryo production was examined using embryogenic cells of Pinus densiflora. In the basal medium containing 30 μM abscisic acid and 6% maltose, the quality of the embryos formed was poor even though somatic embryos were produced. The addition of PEG with molecular weight of 4000 or 8000 significantly enhanced the development of both the quality and quantity of somatic embryos. Furthermore, higher levels of a constant osmotic pressure with PEG 8000 in a range from about 300 to 450 mmol/kg could remarkably enhance the morphogenesis of somatic embryos and their number of embryos produced. A higher stable osmotic pressure with an appropriate molecular weight of PEG is a key factor for the production of good quality somatic embryos in P. densiflora.     

赤松人工林生长与立地因子的关系

根据延边地区的25块赤松人工林标准地资料,以其平均优势木的解析材料确定20年生优势木树高。按单项立地因子实际分布区间进行3组以上的分组,然后进行方差分析,计算差异显著性,再进行多重比较,分析各因子的变化规律。通过上述研究,明确了赤松人工林生长与立地因子的关系,初步确定了赤松人工林适宜的立地条件为:阳坡、半阳坡,中下坡位,坡度10°以上的缓斜坡,有效土层厚度30cm以上。     

彰武松采穗圃的营建与管理技术

彰武松（Pinus densiflora var．Zhangwuensis）是在辽宁省彰武县章古台区域内的一片樟子松人工林中发现的;现已推广到黑龙江、内蒙古、山西、陕西等省（自治区）,1999年辽宁省固沙造林研究所为了扩大彰武松的繁育数量,建立了一个面积2hm^2的采穗圃。目的是加快彰武松的扩繁地区,让彰武松更快地适宜三北地区,它也是我国唯一的一个彰武松采穗圃。     

提高赤松大树移栽成活率的方法

图们市园林处在街道两旁于1999年清明产移栽赤松大树220株，由于移栽后实施了促进新吸收根产生、减少叶面蒸腾、减轻营养消耗等技术措施，其成活保存株数为214株，成活率达到97.3%。这些大树移栽后经过3a的生长，完全适应了新的环境条件。