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采用分层挖掘法,对株行距为3 m×8 m的核桃-决明子复合模式中的根生物量、总根长密度、吸收根的根长密度和根系直径等进行了调查。结果表明:核桃单作的总根长密度比核桃间作的高7%左右,且在各个土层中吸收根的根长密度都高于核桃间作,而二者的总根生物量和根系直径则差异较小。决明子单作的根系直径比间作决明子的大27.73%,但二者的根长密度和根生物量则差异不大。在核桃-决明子复合模式中,核桃总根生物量和吸收根长均占复合模式总根量的一半以上,其中,在水平方向上,决明子在树行南侧2.5、4.0 m位置根系分布最多,而树行南北1.5 m范围内则较少;核桃根系则主要分布在树行两侧1.5 m范围内。垂直方向上,核桃在30~80 cm土层中的根生物量和吸收根长分别占其总量的64.79%和61.17%,而59.54%的决明子根系分布在0~20 cm土壤中。 相似文献
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对湘北地区6年生四川桤木(Alnus cremastogyne)人工林不同径级根系生物量分布、根长、比根长、根长密度的空间分布特征进行研究。结果表明:四川桤木人工林大根、中根、小根、细根生物量分别占林分根系生物量总和的55%、22%、14%、9%;约66%的根系生物量集中在0~30cm土层;不同径级根系根长变化趋势是:细根小根大根中根,比根长的变化趋势是:细根小根中根大根;各径级根长密度变化趋势各不相同:垂直方向上,在0~60cm土层,大根的根长密度随土层深度的增加先增后降,中根、小根、细根的根长密度随土层深度的增加而减小,水平方向上,在0~80cm距离,大根的根长密度随距树干距离的增加而减小,细根的根长密度随距树干距离的增加而增大,中根、小根的根长密度在距树干0~60cm内逐渐减小,而在距树干60~80cm又略有增加。 相似文献
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黄土高原刺槐根系垂直分布特征研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
在中国西北黄土高原地区,水分是树木生长发育的主要限制因子。根系分布特征由于反映了树木对环境条件的利用程度而具有更加特殊的生态意义。本研究选择阳坡和阴坡不同立地上年龄一致的刺槐林调查了根系分布特征。根系垂直分布特征的调查结果表明,在所有立地上,根系生物量随着深度的增加而降低,其中细根的分布深度大于粗根的分布深度。方差分析结果表明:不同立地上不同径级根系的分布特征也有明显的差别,粗根是差异存在的主要原因,阴坡立地上的根系生物量,特别是细根生物量大于阳坡立地上的。对根系消弱系数的分析结果表明,阴坡立地上的根系消弱系数大于0.982,而阳坡立地上的根系消弱系数小于0.982,说明阴坡市地上刺槐根系的生物量在深层土壤中的分布相对量更大一些。其中细根的根系消弱系数大于粗根的,这种根系分布特征有利于根系对深层土壤水分养分的吸收利用,进而促进树木地上部分的生长发育。图3表3参15。 相似文献
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运用根箱法研究了毛竹实生苗的根系构型特征,结果表明:毛竹实生苗没有明显主根,基部形成4~5条不定根;根宽深比为0.682,根宽小于根深;根长、根系数量、根表面积、根体积与根系平均直径在不同土层中的分布存在极显著差异,根长、根系数量、根表面积与根体积集中分布在0~20 cm土层,占总量64.2%~71.66%,随土层加深,各指标均下降,根系平均直径最大值、最小值分别出现在0~10 cm、20~30cm土层;水平方向毛竹实生苗根系干重的最大值出现在以竹苗为中心0~5 cm范围土层内,随着距离的增加逐渐减少;垂直方向上,84.6%根系干重集中分布在0~20 cm土层,随土层加深,根量减少,呈"T"形分布状态。 相似文献
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本文对黄土残塬沟壑区人工沙棘林单株根系进行了系统研究。结果表明:1.主根龄是影响沙棘单株根系间模糊聚类的决定性因素,幼龄期单株根系间极易聚合,随着主根龄增加,同龄单株根系间差异逐渐加大而较难聚合。2.用灰色Verhoulst模型对单株沙棘根量、根长的变化过程进行描述和预测,当主根龄达到17龄左右时,根系基本停止生长。3.沙棘根量、根长在土体中的垂直分布规律呈双曲函数关系,各实测值与计算值拟合非常贴切。4.沙棘根系密集层随主根龄的增加而加深,最终稳定在0-50cm左右,粗壮根系多集中在该层。文中还建立了沙棘根量与叶量的线性回归方程。 相似文献
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采用根钻法对低覆盖度行带式栽植模式下赤峰杨的根长密度的空间分布特征进行了研究,同时用烘干法对其根质量密度进行了测量。结果表明:赤峰杨的总平均根长密度在不同土层间变化很大,0.0 40 cm土层为根系主要分布区域,其在总平均根长密度中所占比例高达77.1%;不同径级之间的根长密度差异显著,0.0 0.2 mm径级根系的根长密度最大,可达0.61 cm·cm-3。带间根长密度变化出现了先增大后减少而后略有增大的趋势,环境因子影响根系分布,>2.0 mm的粗根根长密度主要分布于带间。低覆盖度行带式配置模式下的赤峰杨吸收根系(<2mm)主要分布于0 40 cm深度区域,粗根(>2.0 mm)主要分布于地表40 cm以下区域,带间是根系的主要分布区域,根系主要利用的是天然降水。 相似文献
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Lishan Shan Ximing Zhang Yonghui Hua Tingting Xie Hailong Yan Hua Fan 《Frontiers of Forestry in China》2009,4(1):60-67
We excavated soil to study root distribution in Haloxylon ammodendron seedlings grown with different amounts of irrigation (35, 24.5 and 14 kg water for each plant each time) in the hinterland
of the Taklimakan Desert. The results indicated that: 1) With decreasing irrigation amounts, the root biomass tended to be
distributed in deeper soil layers. Underground biomass had a significantly negative logarithmic relationship with soil depth
under different irrigation amounts. 2) Maximum horizontal spread of roots was twice that of vertical root spread, and horizontal
distribution of root biomass was similar under all irrigation amounts. 3) Vertical distribution of fine roots was nearly consistent
with vertical changes in soil moisture, and all had a unimodal curve; but peak values of fine root biomass in different soil
layers varied with different irrigation amounts. The smaller the amount of irrigation, the deeper were the fine roots concentrated
in soil layers. 4) Root length, root surface area and root volume all exhibited a unimodal curve under different irrigation
amounts; the less the irrigation amount, the deeper the peak values appeared in soil layers. 5) Rootshoot ratio and ratio
of vertical root depth to plant height both increased as irrigation amounts decreased.
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Translated from Journal of Plant Ecology (Chinese Version), 2007, 31 (5): 769–776 [译自: 植物生态学报] 相似文献
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Morphology and vertical distribution patterns of spruce and beech live fine roots (diameter ≤2 mm) were studied using a soil
core method in three comparable mature stands in the Solling: (1) pure beech, (2) pure spruce and (3) mixed spruce–beech.
This study was aimed at determining the effects of interspecific competition on fine root structure and spatial fine root
distribution of both species. A vertical stratification of beech and spruce fine root systems was found in the mixed stand
due to a shift in beech fine roots from upper to lower soil layers. Moreover, compared to pure beech, a significantly higher
specific root length (SRL, P<0.05) and specific surface area (SSA, P<0.05) were found for beech admixed with spruce (pure beech/mixed beech SRL 16.1–23.4 m g−1, SSA 286–367 cm2 g−1). Both indicate a flexible ‘foraging’ strategy of beech tending to increase soil exploitation and space sequestration efficiency
in soil layers less occupied by competitors. Spruce, in contrast, followed a more conservative strategy keeping the shallow
vertical rooting and the root morphology quite constant in both pure and mixed stands (pure spruce/mixed spruce SRL 9.6/7.7 m g−1, P>0.10; SSA 225/212 cm2 g−1, P>0.10). Symmetric competition belowground between mixed beech and spruce was observed since live fine roots of both species
were under-represented compared to pure stand. However, the higher space sequestration efficiency suggests a higher competitive
ability of beech belowground. 相似文献
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[目的]为探究滴灌条件下杨树人工林细根的空间分布特征,对大兴区林场滴灌栽培的5年生欧美107杨的细根分布进行研究。[方法]采用根钻法分别在株间、对角和行间方向距树干0.2、0.5、1.0、1.5 m处取样,取样深度为60 cm,每10 cm为1个土层。[结果]滴灌条件下,在不同方向的不同树干距离和土层深度,杨树人工林的细根生物量和根长表现出相似的分布特征,其分布受树干距离、土层及其交互作用的影响显著(P0.05)。滴灌条件下,株间方向的细根总长为12.7 cm,分别是对角和行间方向细根长的1.82倍和2.32倍,上述3个方向取样位点细根总长为25.2 cm,其中的86.4%在滴灌形成的湿润带范围内;0 40 cm土层的细根长占0 60 cm土层细根总长的84.5%。各方向的细根水平分布特征不同,株间方向细根长在距树干0.5 m处最大,为4.2 cm,占该方向细根总长的33.1%,且与其他树干距离处差异显著(P0.05);对角和行间方向细根长在距树干0.2 m处最大,分别为2.7、2.3 cm,占各自方向细根总长的38.1%和41.8%。各方向的细根垂直分布特征不同,株间方向细根长在0 10 cm土层最大,为3.7 cm,占该方向细根总长的29.1%,且与其他土层差异显著(P0.05);对角和行间方向细根长均在10 20 cm土层最大,分别为2.0、1.7 cm,占各自方向细根总长的27.9%和31.0%,与其他土层细根长差异显著(P0.05)。[结论]滴灌条件下,杨树人工林细根的空间分布特征可以采用细根生物量或细根长任一指标来表述。滴灌后形成的连续湿润带导致土壤水分条件的差异使细根在不同方向的水平分布和垂直分布特征不同,细根分布表现为株间对角行间,细根主要分布在湿润带范围内且在0 40 cm土层相对集中分布。依据滴灌栽培杨树人工林细根的水平和垂直分布规律,每次滴灌后应保证水分侧渗到距离树干至少50 cm的范围,下渗的深度至少达到40 cm深,以满足杨树人工林正常生长对水分的需求。本研究结果和结论为确定精准的单次有效灌溉量提供理论依据,从而实现既节水又确保林木正常生长的双重目标。 相似文献
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为了探究岫岩地区不同类型水源涵养林内土壤储水能力,对该区域红松(Pinus koraiensis)林、落叶松(Larix spp.)林、灌木林、混交林[红松+白桦(Betula platyphylla)]、红松采伐迹地等5种不同类型水源涵养林根系分布特征进行了研究,结果表明:5种水源涵养林中,根系主要集中分布在0~40... 相似文献
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We used minirhizotrons to determine the vertical distribution of fine roots in a holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) forest in a typical Mediterranean area over a 3-year period (June 1994-March 1997). We measured fine root density (number of roots per unit area), fine root length density (length of roots per unit area), fine root area index (area of roots per unit area) and fine root mean diameter. Variables were pooled for each 10-cm depth interval to a depth of 60 cm. Fine roots tended to decrease with increasing depth except between 0 and 10 cm, where the values of all fine root variables were less than in the 10-cm stratum below. Fine root vertical distribution was compared with soil water content and soil temperature at different depths in the soil profile. 相似文献
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Picea mongolica is an endemic but endangered species in China. The spruce forest is only found in sandy forest-steppe ecotones. In this study, we examined the initial response of the quantity and refilling process of fine roots in an artificial canopy gap with a diameter of 36 m in a P. mongolica forest. Under the canopy, the fine root length densities of trees, shrubs and herbs were 2,622, 864 and 3,086 m·m–2, respectively. The fine root biomass of trees, shrubs and herbs were 148, 62 and 65 g·m–2, respect... 相似文献
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Root length and root length density of Lespedeza bicolor,Amorpha fruticosa,and Sea buckthorn were investigated in a country highway-TongSan highway(Tongjiang to Sanya) in Heilongjiang Province,China.The root lengths were divided into five root orders according to Pregizter sequence classification method.Results show that sea buckthorn roots are dominated by coarse roots in the horizontal growth,while L.bicolor has a large proportion of fine roots in vertical conical growth and A.fruticosa is in depth growth.Root length density of L.bicolor in all the root sequences is higher than that of sea buckthorn and A.fruticosa.On the basis of the root structure,it is inferred that L.bicolor roots mainly absorb the surface soil moisture for its normal growth;in contrast,A.fruticosa has good uptake ability to deep soil water.The root structure of sea buckthorn implies that it has a strong drought resistance. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1-4):384-394
The long‐term effects of lime application on fine roots of Norway spruce, Picea abies (L.) Karst, and Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris (L.), have been studied in five experimental forest stands subjected to different lime applications 5 to 18 years before the present study was undertaken. The effects of liming does not seem to significantly influence fine‐root development in forest stands in the long term. The only response to liming in measured root variables was a tendency to increased specific root length (SRL = fine‐root length/fine‐root dry weight, m/g). A correlation between increased SRL, decreased root biomass and increased stem volume growth was indicated. Changes in water extractable amounts of mineral elements—P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, S, Al and Fe‐in bulk soil and rhizosphere soil from the mineral soil layers were studied in a control area and an area treated with 3830 kg CaCO3 ha‐1. Few significant differences were found between treatments, and then mainly in the case of Ca. 相似文献
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Jiayao Zhuang Jinchi Zhang Bo Zhang Hongyan Luo Xiaying Huang Jun Fu 《Frontiers of Forestry in China》2009,4(3):323-329
The distribution of root biomass was studied in different soil layers (0–10, 10–20, 20–30, 30–40 cm) by means of a “study
plot” method for various plant species in the Shangshe Catchment area in the Dabie Mountains, Anhui Province. The number and
lengths of root samples were recorded. In each study plot, anti-scourability of soils in corresponding soil layers was measured
with a C.C. Suoboliefu anti-scourability instrument. The results showed the following: 1) The root system was largely distributed
in the 0–40 cm soil layer and the number of roots was the largest in the surface soil layer. Fine roots<1 mm in diameter predominated
in root length. 2) In the same section, the anti-scourability indices of the surface soil layer were larger than those of
other soil layers in the various plant species. The tree root system, especially the fine roots<1 mm in diameter, are highly
instrumental in controlling soil losses. Correlation coefficients of length, number and density of fine roots and the anti-scourability
index were 0.8173, 0.7159 and 0.6434, respectively. The length of fine root is a key factor in the anti-scourability soil
index. This index is closely correlated with the non-capillarity of each soil type, indicating that forests have a strong
soil stabilizing function, because their root systems improve physical soil properties and ultimately are responsible for
the establishment of a biosoil system with an anti-scourability index.
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Translated from Science of Water and Soil Conservation, 2007, 5(6): 15–20 [译自: 中国水土保持科学] 相似文献
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[目的]探明广西不同栽培区江南油杉细根生物量的空间分布共性及其对土壤水分的响应机制.[方法]以广西3个栽培区江南油杉人工幼林为研究对象,采用根系全株分层挖掘和根系形态结构分析法,定量分析江南油杉幼树不同径级细根生物量密度、根长密度和表面积密度的空间分布特征.[结果]1)江南油杉幼林期细根生物量在垂直方向上主要分布在0~... 相似文献