浅议药用植物野生种质资源的保护与利用

分析目前对中药资源的不合理开发利用,致使中药野生资源及生态环境受到破坏的现状,提出了药用植物野生种质资源的保护与利用对策,以期实现中药产业与经济社会的协调发展。     

永泰县野生药用植物资源研究

通过调查摸清了永泰县野生药用植物资源的现状,确定全县有1 022种药用植物,分属193科626属,同时分析了野生药用植物资源品种类型、资源分布规律,并提出可持续发展利用意见。     

江苏林源药用植物发展现状、问题及对策

该文通过查阅文献资料及实地调查研究,系统探讨了江苏林源药用植物的资源现状,指出在种植和开发利用等产业发展中存在的种植规模集约化程度低、种苗管理混乱、产品附加值低等问题,提出今后需加强种苗管理及基地化、规模化和规范化种植,规范中药材市场,加大政府扶持力度,为江苏林源药用植物的合理开发、高效增收等产业化发展提供指导意义。     

摩天岭自然保护区周边社区猪苓栽培及利用情况浅析

近十年来,随着我国中药产业的快速发展,中药和相关产业对野生药用植物需求量猛增。通过猪苓人工栽培对摩天岭保护区的影响调查,更加有效的保护大熊猫栖息地野生猪苓药材资源。一、调查条件、时间、过程及方法2008年11月15日-11月22日,走访了留坝县中药办公室、相关乡(镇),通过访谈和查阅资料具体了解人工栽植猪苓情况。同时到留坝县药材加工企业了解了猪苓目前利用情况。     

大兴安岭东部林区林下主要经济植物资源利用的调查

大兴安岭东部林区有丰富的野生经济植物资源,其中,涵盖有珍稀药用植物,经济价值高且具有开发价值的浆果类和食用类等植物。通过对大兴安岭东部林区丰富的野生经济植物资源的调查分析,提出对野生经济植物可利用的几点建议,实现可持续发展的经营目的。     

米仓山南麓野生药用植物资源及其多样性分析

为了摸清米仓山南麓野生药用植物资源及其分布规律,分析其多样性特征,为该区域野生药用植物资源的保护和开发利用提供科学依据。结合第四次全国中药资源普查,采用样方调查法,通过开展野外调查,对米仓山南麓的野生药用植物的多样性进行了分析。结果表明,该区域的野生药用植物共有95科223属290种。科属构成丰富多样,科的构成上寡种科最多,有44科136种,分别占总科数的46.3%,占总种数的46.9%;属的构成上单种属占绝对优势,有178属,占总属数的79.8%,占总种数的61.4%。该区域野生药用植物的生长类型以草本药用植物略占优势,占总种数的53.1%。解毒和清热是该区域野生药用植物的主要功效,分别占总种数的44.5%和42.1%。该区域的野生药用植物以全草或全株和根与根茎入药为主,分别占总种数的33.6%和22.3%。综上所述,米仓山南麓的野生药用植物种类丰富,药用植物生长类型、功效、药用部位等类型多样,但缺乏规范的保护和利用计划,建议制定野生中药材的保护和利用规划,为该区域内中药材资源地保护和可持续利用奠定基础。     

中国林药植物可持续发展策略探讨——基于生物多样性视角

生物多样性为人类提供了丰富的物质资源和生存环境,是人类社会可持续发展的重要属性。文中从物种多样性、生态系统多样性和遗传多样性3个维度分析我国林药植物的生物多样性,从林药植物物种数量递减、生存环境恶化以及野生近源物种减少3个方面探讨了林药植物可持续发展的制约因素,从药用植物栽培保护园、药用植物资源保护区、药用植物种质资源库等方面提出了我国林药植物资源可持续发展的策略,以期实现林药植物的可持续发展。     

天宝岩药用植物种质资源圃建设的探讨

福建永安天宝岩国家级自然保护区地处中亚热带和南亚热带的过渡地带,野生药用植物资源丰富,有166科519属823种。以突出区域药用植物特色、开展科研科普及利用研究为目的,以收集本区药用植物种质资源为主,建立了种质资源圃。种质资源圃区划为：畲族民间药用植物园,保健药膳i森林野菜）植物园,水生及湿地药用植物园,药用植物种苗繁育与产业示范园,珍稀药用植物观赏带。在种质资源收集的基础上,开展野生药用植物种质资源选育和人工驯化栽培研究。     

楚雄州野生食用菌产业发展现状概况

指出了地处滇中的楚雄州野生食用菌资源丰富,是云南省野生菌类主产区。野生食用菌产业对于加快楚雄州绿色农业发展、农业结构优化调整和农民增收致富发挥着不可忽视的作用。分析了楚雄州野生食用菌种类、自然产量、资源管护及资源利用技术与应用,旨在推动楚雄州野生食用菌产业可持续发展。     

内蒙古牙克石市龙胆科野生药用植物资源保护及开发利用

文章对内蒙古牙克石市龙胆科野生药用植物资源进行简要论述,提出了龙胆科野生药用植物资源保护利用建议。     

三明市药用植物资源开发现状及产业化对策

三明市药用植物资源丰富,发展中药产业具有优越的条件,针对三明市药用植物资源开发利用现状和存在的问题,提出今后开发的思路。     

Strategic Marketing Prospects for Developing Sustainable Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Businesses in the Indian Himalayan Region

Among the non-timber forest products, the medicinal and aromatic plants (MAP) are key forest resources for the world’s herbal medicine, cosmetics, health food and other natural products industries. MAP businesses are continuing to increase in many biodiversity-rich areas of the world. The overharvesting and depletion of forest based MAP and their unregulated trade are creating ecosystem and business sustainability issues for the MAP industry. This paper assesses the current state of the MAP industry in Uttarakhand State in the northwestern Himalayan region of India and offers marketing strategies for the conservation and sustainable commercialization of MAP in this region. A qualitative research method was first used involving interviews with policymakers and other industry stakeholders including local MAP traders and growers. A strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats analysis and a quantitative strategic planning matrix analysis were then conducted to identify appropriate marketing strategies. The study reveals that the existing practices of MAP businesses in Uttarakhand are inconsistent with the plants’ conservation requirements and the livelihoods of the primary producers. In its current form, the region’s MAP industry is therefore in a precarious position. However, if policymakers consider and act on the industry’s strengths and opportunities they could positively influence its sustainable development and help to minimize the negative impacts of the trade on the region’s forest MAP resources.     

江西森林中药研发现状与发展设想

介绍江西森林中药资源概况,以栀子等代表性森林中药为例阐述了江西主要森林中药的研发现状,简述江西林药结合生产经营模式,分析森林中药发展中存在的问题和不足,提出江西森林中药产业发展的思路与建议。     

湖北省林下药材种类及种植模式探析

通过对湖北省地理气候特点、林药生产现状的分析,参考全省林下经济发展规划及道地药材生产区划,将林下药材种植划分为5个区域,并对其林下药材种植种类和模式进行总结和探讨.分析结果表明,鄂西南、鄂西北是湖北省发展林药种植的重点区域,鄂西三峡区及鄂东大别山区林药种植模式较为丰富,发展优势明显,鄂东南林药种植模式较为单一,有待进一步开发.各地在发展林药种植时,应综合考虑当地自然条件,药材生物学特性、市场需求及经济效益等因素,选择适宜的种植种类和种植模式,以减少林下中药材生产的盲目性.     

竹子内生菌多样性与功能研究

植物内生菌多样性受宿主植物、外界环境及宿主与环境之间相互选择、相互适应的协同作用影响,在植物生长发育过程中起十分重要的作用。我国竹类资源丰富,竹子内生菌是在竹林生态系统开发利用过程中最珍贵的资源之一。挖掘竹类内生菌资源并应用于竹林培育和药物开发有助于提高我国竹产业生产经营水平,并推动林业可持续发展。文中综述了竹子内生菌资源及其生物学作用的研究概况,总结和概述了竹子内生菌种类、多样性及作用等方面的研究进展,以期为竹子内生菌开发与利用提供参考。     

我国森林资源化学利用的发展前景

森林资源化学利用是我国森林资源高效和持续利用的一个重要方面,在新的世纪里,林产化学工业的发展将面临新的机遇和挑战。本文对其发展趋势进行了探讨,并认为：１．木材制浆造纸将逐步成为我国林产化学工业的支柱产业;（２．林产化学品生产将在不断创新的基础上进一步增长;３．天然产物特别是天然药物的开发将进一步得人们重视,而成为森林资源化学利用的新领域;４．木质能源和木质活性炭生产将进一步发展。     

Sustainability aspects of commercial medicinal plant harvesting in Suriname

The commercial harvest of herbal medicine to meet the growing urban demand has become an environmentally destructive activity in many countries. Non-sustainable harvesting not only threatens the survival of medicinal plant species, but also the people that depend on them. In Suriname, the urbanization of Maroons has created a lively trade in medicinal plants, but little is known on the ecological effects of this trade. To find out whether this commercial harvest was a destructive activity, we carried out a market survey and followed commercial extractors into the forest to look for signs of overharvesting. We analyzed our results from three perspectives: the market, the harvesters and the post-harvest survival of the particular plants. Of the 249 commercial species, less than half was harvested exclusively from the wild. Most extraction took place in secondary forest or man-made vegetation close to the capital. Leaves were the main product. Apart from a few primary forest-based species (e.g., Begonia glabra), we found little evidence for declining resources. Maroons were actively cultivating and managing wild plants. Our three-way analysis enabled us to distinguish between species without sustainability problems (abundant, domesticated, cultivated, limited market value, disturbance species or surviving harvest) and species with conservation priorities. This study illustrates that the increased commercialization of medicinal plants due to urbanization does not invariably lead to declining resources and species loss. With its low population density and market dominated by disturbance species, Suriname offers good possibilities for sustainable medicinal plant extraction.     

普洱市中草药资源及中草药产业发展

简述云南普洱市中草药资源优势和中草药产业发展现状、存在的问题,探讨普洱市发展中草药产业的对策。     

Obstacles for Plantation to Get FSC Certification in China

The development of plantation plays a very important role in forestry industry development in China because of its unique advantages. However, the ecological and environmental issues urgently require sustainable plantation development. FSC certification for sustainable forest management balances the economic, environmental and social benefits and contributes to sustainable development of plantation. FSC certification for plantation is significantly important to China with the most plantation area in the wor...