复合苹果片感官品质模糊综合评价及其营养与功能成分分析

通过模糊综合评价方法评价复合苹果片的感官品质,并对其营养及功能成分进行测定分析,验证其评价结果的准确性。在9个复合苹果片的样品中,以样品2的品质最好,其制备工艺配方为:在苹果粉中添加25%体积分数的乙醇、5%质量分数的β-环糊精、2.5%质量分数的砂糖、0.5%质量分数的柠檬酸,制得的复合苹果片富含糖、酸等营养成分及膳食纤维、果胶等功能成分。模糊综合评价的结果准确反映了复合苹果片各样品的感官品质状况,是一种较科学、合理、客观的感官品质评价方法。     

A comprehensive evaluation method of fuzzy matter element for CNC equipment quality

A comprehensive evaluation method based on fuzzy matter element analysis is proposed to solve problems of multiple performance and quality evaluation for computer numerical control (CNC) equipment. The fuzzy matter element theory is utilized to analyze multi-scale quality characteristics and attributes. Then, the comprehensive quality evaluation model for CNC equipment is founded by using fuzzy matter element analysis method. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and information entropy are applied to obtain the objective index weights. Furthermore, the combinational weight is calculated with the optimal mathematics model based on the least square method. Finally, the fuzzy matter element method is used to determine the assessment result. The case study indicates that the method has a certain rationality and feasibility.     

Fault diagnosis of rotating machinery based on fuzzy clusteringoptimized by chaos embedded particle swarm optimization

A method of weighted fuzzy clustering optimized by chaos embedded particle swarm algorithm(CPSO) is put forward and applied in vibration fault diagnosis of rotating machinery. In the method, CPSO is used to displace the traditional stochastic-gradient algorithm to optimize parameters of weighted fuzzy C-means (WFCM). The best clustering num and clustering centers are automatically attained according to clustering validity function. The experimental results show that the method effectively increases the convergence velocity and precision of WFCM and so does the correctness rate of fault diagnosis for rotating machinery.     

南岳自然保护区植物群落的数量分类

对南岳自然保护区的植物群落采用数学模糊聚类分析,结果表明：（1）模糊聚类分析方法是一种理想的植物群落分类方法,可得到比较客观、合理的分类结果;（2）南岳自然保护区的植物群落大致可分为4种类型,它们分别是：Ⅰ. 马尾松+枫香-映山红+化香-莎草-千里光群从;Ⅱ. 杉木+马尾松-茶+千年桐-淡竹叶+莎草群丛; Ⅲ.盐肤木+白檀-杜衡+江南卷柏群丛;Ⅳ. 野枯草-野菊花群丛。     

Make,Buy, or Both: The Innovation Sourcing Strategy Dilemma after M&A

This paper investigates the effects of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) on corporate research and development (R&D) strategies using firm‐level data on the Spanish manufacturing sector. The focus of the study is to determine whether M&A affects R&D portfolios by increasing or decreasing innovation input, such as in‐house R&D, external R&D or both. The results show that M&A has a negative and significant impact on R&D intensity, decreasing in‐house R&D and external technological sourcing. M&A enables the rationalization of R&D capacity, implying a decrease in R&D efforts. M&A negatively affects both types of R&D, but, on average, the effect is more negative on external R&D.     

Multi-objective control strategy for parallel HEV using fuzzy logic

A fuzzy multi-objective control strategy is proposed for parallel hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV). By the concept of motor equivalent fuel consumption, the overall vehicle fuel economy and the corresponding emissions can be treated as the optimization objectives. Then a minimum average weighted deviation method is designed to find the Pareto optimal solution with considering the variations of objective preference in different district. The simulation on ADVISOR reveals that, compared with the rule based control strategy (RBCS), with the premise that there is no loss to power performance, the proposed fuzzy multi-objective control strategy (FMCS) not only improves fuel economy and emission level but also maintains battery SOC within its operation range more effectively.     

Model of Financing Strategy

Considering information asymmetry between inside and outside of the firms,this paper discusses the financing strategy of M&A,and builds a model.According to the model,we can see that the firm with relatively expected low-productivity will choose equity financing for M&A,and the firm with relatively expected high-productivity will choose debt financing for M&A,and the firm with expected medium-productivity will not choose financing from outside.In the case of undeveloped capital market and financing tools in China,the conclusion of the model has some extent significance for helping firms to choose financing strategy for M&A rationally.     

The Practice of Expansive Soil Judgment in Xiangtan-Shaoyang Expressway

Aiming at expansive soil judgment in Xiangtan-Shaoyang Expressway, the attribute recognition model based on objective weight is developed in this paper. The verification and application of this model indicate that the methodology is coherent to that of the Specifications for Design of Highway Subgrades and the fuzzy synthetic evaluation method. Because the attribute recognition theory would well determine some kind of synthetic evaluation problem with fuzzy attributes and its confidence criterion is developed in terms of some evaluation sets with ordered characteristics, furthermore,this model uses objective weight as the weight of the evaluation indices, decreases the subjectivity of weight decision, and ensures the objectivity of evaluation, thus the evaluation results are much more reliable.     

Model of Multiple Fuzzy Synthetical Evaluation for Enterprise Technology Innovation

Based on analyzing factor of the effect of technology innovation in enterprise,the distinctive multiple technology innovation system is established. The computing method of index weight is discussed in the face of multiple objective decision making, and the authors construct the quantitative analysis model of multiple fuzzy evaluation through fuzzy transform. With the present situation of certain manufacturing enterprise, some suggestions are given in the end after quantitative analyzing.     

干燥方法对‘墨红’玫瑰品质的影响

旨在筛选最佳的干燥方法,为玫瑰花的开发利用提供理论参考。以新鲜云南‘墨红’玫瑰为试验材料,用不同干燥方法处理新鲜花瓣,测定其营养成分和生物活性成分含量等指标,利用隶属函数法进行玫瑰花品质的综合评价。结果表明,不同干燥方法对品质影响不尽相同,微波低火处理的玫瑰可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量最高,微波温火干燥处理所得多糖含量最多,微波中火干燥的黄酮含量最高,烘干70℃干燥处理的多酚含量最高,晒干处理后花青素相对浓度最高。隶属函数综合评价表明,微波处理以微波低火干燥为佳,烘干干燥以70℃干燥为最好,阴干较晒干好。多种干燥方式以微波低火干燥的玫瑰品质最佳。     

基于分子蒸馏技术紫苏油α-亚麻酸纯化效果的研究

为了探究分子蒸馏技术纯化紫苏油α-亚麻酸的可行性,筛选紫苏油提取方法的基础上,考察了蒸馏温度、蒸馏压力、刮板转速和进料速度4个因素对分子蒸馏技术纯化α-亚麻酸效果的影响。结果表明,紫苏油最佳提取法为超临界CO₂萃取法,α-亚麻酸纯化的首要影响因素是蒸馏温度,其次是蒸馏压力,再次是进料速度,最后是刮板转速。最佳纯化工艺：蒸馏温度220℃,蒸馏压力0.07 mbar,刮板转速375 r/min,进料速度1.0 d/min,该工艺条件下α-亚麻酸纯度达到97.42%。该方法有效提高了紫苏油α-亚麻酸的纯度,为高纯度α-亚麻酸的研究和利用奠定了理论基础。     

Approach to the Best Means of Training in Jumping Ability of Volleyballers

Excellent jumping ability is one of the characteristics of a volleyball player, which the result of a volleyball competition. The calculation methods of fuzzy mathematics is used to quantitize and classify the 22 sorts of training methods for developing volleyballers jumping ability and find out the 8 best training methods to develop volleyballers jumping ability.A specific prorate of the 8 best training methods in training practices is also be set.     

不同微波消解方法对黄土中镉、铅ICP-MS测定的影响

采用不同的微波消解方法消解黄土,用ICP-MS测定重金属镉和铅,并应用正交实验分析数据,以确定黄土中镉和铅最优的微波消解测试方法。结果表明影响微波消解ICP-MS测定黄土中镉、铅含量准确度的主次因素是微波消解条件>土壤克数>酸配比,并且得出镉的最优测试条件为A2B3C1（0.15g土壤样品,硝酸：过氧化氢：氢氟酸=6:2:2,第一种微波消解条件）,铅的最优测试条件为A2B1C1（0.15g土壤样品,硝酸：盐酸：氢氟酸=6:2:2,第一种微波消解条件。在最优条件下,测得的镉和铅回收率分别为103%,97%,测定回收率较高。     

Fuzzy Analysis of Kind Gathering of Object Selection in Compatibility of Online Selling Products

By applying fuzzy mathematics , the authors bring forward the qualitative analysis the theory structure of economics and search cost,and quantitative anylsis method applied in eraluating which kind of product are best suited for onlie selling. Then, six kinds of products are chosen toprore it that the method is effective. At last, the innoration in e commerce medel like onlike selling is also discussed.     

基于数据信息特征的土地资源评价客观赋权方法的研究

目前土地资源评价客观赋权方法种类繁多,而各种赋权方法对同一组指标数据的赋权结果不同,就常见客观赋权方法进行整理和归类,并以甘肃省庄浪县农村居民点整理数据为材料,从客观赋权方法原理出发,基于数据信息特征,引入变异系数、方差膨胀因子,根据指标体系中变异系数均值、方差膨胀因子均值的不同,创造性地构建差异组和相关组,在各指标体系下对赋权方法比较分析。结果表明：（1）利用差异信息赋权的熵权法、变异系数法、均方差法、离差最大化法,熵权法最优;（2）利用差异信息赋权的熵权法和利用重复信息赋权的复相关系数法的赋权结果无趋同性;（3）基于熵权法和复相关系数法的一种组合优化方法。     

A methodology for evaluating a location as a selection site for an international plant breeding program

Summary A method for comparing locations as selection sites based upon their abilities to predict yield and disease reaction over a target region is proposed. The probability of coincidence in selection for a site is defined as the probability for a line selected at the site to be selected at other sites within the region. The probability of divergence in rejection is defined as that associated with regional selection of a line given that is discarded by the site where selection is being conducted. The ideal selection site would maximize the probability of coincidence in selection and minimize the probability of divergence in rejection. The method is illustrated using a set of data from the rice yield nurseries of the International Rice Testing Program for Latin America planted under the rainfed conditions of Central América and México during the period 1978–1984. Five locations were compared for their predictive ability in selecting for the rainfed rice growing region, based on yield and disease reaction. Selection for yield was defined as performance superior to the best check in each location. Selection for disease reaction was based on an index derived from the Standard Evaluation System for Rice for diseases of regional importance. Locations varies 10–15 percent in their selection coincidence with the region for both yield and disease selection criteria applied independently.     

基于SD和模糊综合评价的土地整治项目社会影响评价

利用系统动力学的因果回路图分析土地整治的社会影响,运用层次分析法和模糊综合评价方法评估土地整治典型项目的社会影响程度。通过典型案例分析,该项目社会影响成功度综合评价结果为“基本成功”,其中“社会效率”成功度最高,“社会公平”次之,“可持续发展”成功度最低。运用系统动力学的理论对土地整治的社会影响的影响因素和传导途径进行解析,通过层次分析法和模糊综合评价法可对相关社会影响进行定量评估,研究成果可为土地整治项目的社会影响评价工作提供借鉴和参考。     

Application of fuzzy Neural Networks to Evaluation of Transversal Economic Benefits

A new method for evaluation of transversal economic benefits is researched by fuzzy neural networks, BP algorithm is used to learn the connection weights of the fuzzy neural networks and partitions of fuzzy subsets. It has been shown by the modeling and evaluating results about the economic benefit index system of ten enterprises that the method has reinforcement learning properties and universalized capabilities. with respect to modeling and evaluating of nonlinear systems which have some uncertainties, the method is available.     

甘肃省淫羊藿生态适宜性评价及种植区划

笔者在野外调查的基础上,基于生态适宜性评价的基本理论,利用GIS技术、模糊数学等方法,选取8个影响淫羊藿种植分布的潜在因子,构建生态适宜性评价模型,对甘肃省淫羊藿人工仿生种植适宜性分布进行了系统研究。研究结果表明,适宜种植淫羊藿的面积为403.42万hm²,占甘肃省林地总面积的66.07%;主要分布在甘南州、陇南市、兰州市的榆中县兴隆山和七里河区南部的马衔山脉以及定西市岷县、漳县和渭源县部分区域,平凉市华亭县和关山、太统山、崆峒山沿线。通过适宜分区的划分,为甘肃淫羊藿野生变家种提供了理论基础。     

Knowledge Acquisition Approach Based on Fuzzy-rough Set

A new method of knowledge acquisition based on fuzzy - rough set is proposed. The continuous attributes in the decision table are fuzzified with the fuzzy membership functions. Lower and upper approximation of fuzzy - rough set are obtained by defining fuzzy equivalence relation. According to them the decision rules are acquired. At last, an example is illustrated and proves that the approach is effective.