Detection of Thoron in Air

The activated charcoal moniter for thoron 220 Rn in air is applied into on the spot detection through analyse the method and the calculation of the data of detecting thoron 220 Rn in air.At the same time,the relevant method of settlement and the measure of improvement are introduced in accordance with disturbance which appeared when spectrum is surveyed,which in dicates that it is effective to use activated charcoal to collect and measure thoron 220 Rn in air.     

Influence of Varying Humidity and Temperature Upon the Adsorption of Radon

On the basis of theoretical analysis, this article describes the experiment of the absorption of Radon 222 Rn and Thoron 220 Rn in air on active charcoal under condition of varying humidity and temperature. The result of experiment shows that, under the condition of lower humidity, the absorption of 222 Rn reduce as the temperature raises. Since the half life of 220 Rn is short, the influence of the temperature is small. But as the relative humidity raises, the absorption of 222 Rn and 220 Rn reduces significantly.     

The Impact of Ventilation and Air Filtration in Controlling Indoor Airborne Microbes

We analyze the generation, transmission and living mechanism of indoor airborne microbes and present two commonly used engineering control methods for microbial contamination: ventilation and air filtration. A mathematical calculation model is developed to incorporate the two ways likely having significant impact on microbial contamination control. We also discuss the relationship between different ventilation parameters and microbial concentration, provide some design equations for determination of microbial filtration efficiency, and calculate the efficiency of air filters used in certain buildings. The results show that the natural ventilation is not a good contamination control for airborne microbes when they are a main indoor pollutant; mechanical ventilation should be used in such cases. If the atmospheric airborne microbes cannot be neglected or its indoor concentration is high, incorporating ventilation with air filtration is a good way to control indoor airborne microbial contamination. Enhancement of filter efficiency at various levels used in central air conditioning systems is helpful for improving indoor microbial contamination control condition.     

Research on Indoor CO2 Density in Chongqing Commercial Buildings

The density of indoor CO 2 is an important value for newly_built commercial buildings. It affects comercial buildings in two aspects, one is the indoor air_quality, the other is the consumption of energy. The aim of design is to keep good indoor air_quality and using little ventilation. The authors measure a typical department store and analyze the measurement. The conclusion as well as the opinion is given, which argues for improving the efficiency of new_wind.     

Study on Simulation Method of Heating and Air - conditioning Energy Consumption of Residential Buildings

The heating and air conditioning energy consumption of residential buildings is influenced by the behavior of indoor living personnel.On the basis of research and analysis,two kinds of calculation modes reflecting the behavior of indoor living personnel are estimated.Under two kinds of different calculation modes,by using the building thermal environment simulation Toolkit DeST to simulate the energy consumption calculation for certain residential building in Shanghai,and the simulation results are compared with the research results.The influence of calculation mode on heating and air conditioning energy consumption of residential buildings in Shanghai is analyzed in this paper.In order to obtain the right simulation calculation method correctly reflecting the energy consumption of residential buildings.This method can be used for analysis and evaluation of heating and air conditioning energy consumption of residential buildings in Shanghai,and it can serve as instruction for right energy design of residence building.     

Research on Classroom Thermal Environment during the Summer in Chongqing

In this paper, the university teaching buildings in Chongqing are taken as study object, and the indoor thermal environment of classroom is studied with the ways of investigation and testing, in which the indoor thermal environment of classroom is characterized by two aspects: personal and impersonal. The accepted thermal environment range of the classroom in summer is obtained. The difference between predicted thermal sensation and measured one as well as the influence of air velocity on thermal sensation are analyzed. Some measures to improve indoor thermal quality are proposed.     

Test and Analysis of Indoor Thermal Environment of Urban Heating Residential Building in Hanzhong Area

By testing indoor and outdoor thermal environment of residential buildings that apply 4 mostused heating ways in Hantai District,Hanzhong City,this paper explored the indoor thermal environment conditions of different heating ways,to provide references for choosing a suitable heating way in the local area.     

Application of Indoor Natural Ventilation Simulation in Residential Space Layout

Tatural ventilation of indoor air flow and thermal comfort space plays an important role, especial y in the interior design of passive cooling factors, indoor space layout, and the location of doors, windows and other factors on the indoor natural ventilation effect has great influence. Using the method of fluid mechanics, and Airpak3.0 software, indoor natural ventilation for residential buildings was simulated, and the thermal comfort of indoor natural ventilation in a residential building in Xuzhou City was analyzed to explore the effect of indoor spatial layout, location of doors, window opening types on indoor natural ventilation. The results showed that indoor spatial layout played an essential role in indoor natural ventilation, application of numerical simulation for the simulation of the indoor natural ventilation and assessment of indoor natural ventilation effect was a scientific instruction for the indoor spatial design.     

The Design of Courtyard-Style Elderly Care Buildings in Cold Regions

Different climatic zones should consider different architectural spatial organization forms when designing buildings. In this paper, the design scheme of Half Courtyard located in the Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi is selected for research to explore how to construct ecological elderly care buildings in cold regions. The design scheme has been proven to increase solar energy efficiency, add natural ventilation, improve the insulation performance of building envelopes, and create a comfortable indoor climate.     

缓冲空间对拉萨市居住建筑冬季采暖能耗的影响

冬季现场调研与热环境测试表明,拉萨市现有居住建筑的缓冲空间能明显改善室内热环境。但当地非采暖房间冬季热环境仍较差,居住建筑采暖需求明显。当地采暖能耗与环境负荷增长趋势明显。以拉萨市常见的单元式住宅为基础建立了热工计算模型,模拟分析了南北向缓冲空间进深设计对冬季采暖能耗的影响规律。结果表明：南北向缓冲空间均能有效降低模型的采暖能耗,其中,随着南向缓冲进深增大,模型采暖能耗呈递增趋势;随北向缓冲空间进深增大,模型采暖能耗呈先降后增趋势,北向缓冲空间模型之间能耗差很小。缓冲空间优化设计模型与基础模型的能耗对比分析显示,合理设置的南北向缓冲空间能够大幅降低采暖能耗。     

Capillary Floor Radiant Heating System of Rural Residential Building in Chongqing

The indoor environment in this zone, not officially assigned as a traditional heating zone, is cold and humid with poor thermal comfort in winter. Investments and surveys the status of heat consumers in rural residential buildings in Chongqing, intending     

Approaches of Integrating Outdoor and Indoor Spaces of Urban Landscape Buildings

With the economic development and increase of income, urban citizens have attached more importance to the comfort of living environment, and aesthetic property of buildings. Exterior design is the extension and redesign on the basis of interior design, interior and exterior spatial design and architectural design are closely related. This paper explored the approaches of integrating indoor and outdoor spaces of urban landscape buildings by analyzing excellent building cases.     

Energy-saving Planning and Design of Urban Residential Buildings in Hanzhong Area

Energy-saving design of residential building is an important part of energy-saving architectural design. Planning and design of residential buildings in Hanzhong area should pay more attention to the building orientation, sunshine, summer ventilation and wind resistance in winter and so on, so as to create favorable conditions for energy-saving design of single buildings. The geographical location, climatic characteristics, residents living habits and indoor and outdoor thermal environment situation were analyzed in this paper, and combined with the existing problems of energy conservation in the planning and layout of residential buildings in Hanzhong area. Based on the investigation, this paper drew some conclusions to provide references for the energy-saving planning and design of urban residential buildings in the local area.     

Radon anomaly as a possible precursor of a submarine earthquake

In the framework of investigating the ventilation of deep-sea basins in the Indonesian archipelago, ²²²Rn was determined in near bottom water samples. In one of these basins, the Halmahera Basin, excess ²²²Rn concentration and the related standing crop was unexpectedly high. At this station excess Radon has an almost uniform concentration of about 2 dpm·kg⁻¹ up to 120 meters above the bottom. In this paper the possibility is discussed that the high standing crop in this basin is connected with three submarine earthquakes with a magnitude of resp. 4.4, 5.4 and 5.9 mb that took place four days after we took the samples, possibly in combination with submarine faults, which are typical for the Indonesian archipelago. The epicentres were within 100 km from the station. All over the world variations in ²²²Rn concentrations have been observed prior to earthquakes (up to 500 km from the epicentre). This can be regarded as an important non-seismic precursor to earthquakes, but it has to our knowledge never been observed in deep-sea basins.     

南方建筑非透明围护结构热工与节能设计

如何兼顾冬夏两季建筑供暖空调负荷和能耗,保证室内热环境质量,确定最适宜的热工特性,是长期困扰中国南方建筑围护结构热工与节能设计的难点。通过对夏热冬冷和夏热冬暖地区建筑在采暖、空调与自然通风条件下动态热过程的分析,研究了这一地区围护结构热特性与能耗的制约关系,以及对室内热环境与建筑热稳定性的作用机理。在兼顾冬季保温与夏季隔热的情况下,将建筑全年能耗作为控制目标,从室内热环境质量、节能效果、围护结构的安全性、可靠性、经济性和实用性等角度评价目前所采用的围护结构节能技术存在的问题,提出一种适宜南方气候的建筑围护结构热特性指标及构造形式。     

Reducing the Heating and Cooling Energy Consumption of Buildings

Abstract:This research aims at proposing measures to enhance the energy efficiency of buildings in the city of Guiyang. A computer simulation study was conducted on the basis of a building model using the DeST software package. The indoor temperature and year round heating and cooling loads were simulated. From analysis of the simulation results and taking into account the climate of Guiyang, three measures for energy efficient buildings in Guiyang are proposed. 1) Heating is a greater priority than cooling in comfortable air conditioning system design; 2) Natural ventilation should be given priority in cooling design and adjustment during seasonal transition is important to reducing energy consumption in building cooling; 3) Insulating the building envelope and lowering the glazing ratio of walls are critical for reducing energy consumption in heating buildings. Our conclusions will be useful for guiding energy efficient building design not only in Guiyang but also in mild climatic areas of P. R. China.     

Sources and Characters of Indoor Radon

It summarized the source and characters of indoor radon, discussed the variations of indoor radon's concentration and its calculating pattern, expounded the rolation between indoor radon's concentration and rate of air-changing, the size distribution of radon progeny, the rate of deposit and the character of its dosage, etc and pointed out the requirement of measuring indoor radon.     

Effects of Operation Mode of Air Conditioning on Energy Consumption of Heating and Air Conditioning in Residential Buildings

By using the building thermal environment simulation Toolkit DeST to simulation calculation of a residential building in Shanghai,the quantitative relationship between the factors of operation mode of air conditioning affecting the energy consumption of heating and air conditioning in residential buildings has been obtained in this paper,moreover,it has come to a conclusion that the tolerable temperature is superior to control temperature of air conditioning in respect of sensitivity and the living mode of indoor personnel has certain effect on the cold energy consumption.     

Evaluation and Analysis of Bacteria Pollution in Dwelling Indoor Air

Tests and study were carried out on indoor air bacteria pollution in dwelling house inChongqing city. Based on the data of measured bacteria concentration of the indoor air,the reasons for indoor air pollution were analyzed. Ith was found that the bacteria seriously polluted the indoor air. The main factors influencing the indoor air bacteria pollution are moisture, natural ventilation and lighting conditions. The construction forms and decoration of the dwelling house are the secondary reasons for indoor air bacteria pollution. Measures and suggestions of preventing the indoor air bacteria pollution and improving the indoor air quality and environmental quality were presented.     

参考作物蒸发蒸腾量计算简化方法

基于国家“863”节水农业重大专项子课题示范现场的气象资料，对参考作物蒸发蒸腾量及其影响因素进行了相关性分析。选取净辐射和空气饱和差建立了参考作物蒸发蒸腾量的简化计算公式，并引入风速函数进行修正。研究结果表明：参考作物蒸发蒸腾量与净辐射相关系数最大，然后依次是空气饱和差、日照时数和温度；且与净辐射和空气饱和差呈直线关系，与日照时数和温度呈指数关系，而与相对湿度呈负相关关系；考虑风速修正后的简化公式与标准方法（FAO56 Penman-Monteith）的计算结果有较高的一致性。